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Judge N, Heise A. Investigation of the Effectiveness of Photo Deprotection of Polypeptides in Solution and within the Core of Miniemulsion-Derived Nanoparticles. Macromolecules 2024; 57:1979-1987. [PMID: 38495387 PMCID: PMC10938878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Homopolymerization of ortho-nitrobenzyl (oNB)-protected l-cysteine and l-glutamic acid was systematically studied in different solvents and at different monomer to initiator ratios, revealing the best reaction control in dimethylformamide (DMF) across a range of degrees of polymerization. In the subsequent ultraviolet (UV)-cleavage studies, it was found that quantitative deprotection upon UV exposure at 365 nm was not achievable for either of the homopolypeptides as confirmed by 1H NMR and UV/visible (UV/vis) analyses. While the poly(oNB-l-cysteine) deprotected more readily with no effect of the polypeptide molecular weight, lower molecular weight poly(oNB-l-glutamate) reached maximum deprotection faster than high molecular weight samples. This was further confirmed by the pH changes of the solution. When incorporated into the core of miniemulsion-derived nanoparticles, both oNB-protected copolypeptides were successfully deprotected as evident from a color change and a pH change in the case of poly(oNB-l-glutamate). However, the removal of the deprotection byproduct nitrosobenzaldehyde proved unsuccessful, which indicates a diffusion barrier caused by the nanoparticle's surfactant. The study provides insights and guidelines for the UV deprotection of polypeptides and demonstrates the ability to selectively UV-deprotect polypeptides in the confined space of a nanoparticle dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Judge
- Department
of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine
and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Andreas Heise
- Department
of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine
and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
- Science
Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM),
RCSI, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
- AMBER,
The SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
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2
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Zhu W, Zheng X, Shi J, Wang Y. Grafted Starch Foam Stabilizer ESt‐g‐NAA for High‐Temperature Resistant CGA Drilling Fluid via Inverse Emulsion Polymerization. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Zhu
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Xiuhua Zheng
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
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3
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Abstract
A comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of emulsion polymerization and related processes is presented with the object of providing theoretical and practical understanding to researchers considering use of these methods for synthesis of polymer colloids across a wide range of applications. Hence, the overview has been written for a general scientific audience with no prior knowledge assumed. Succinct introductions are given to key topics of background science to assist the reader. Importance is placed on ensuring mechanistic understanding of these complex polymerizations and how the processes can be used to create polymer colloids that have particles with well-defined properties and morphology. Mathematical equations and associated theory are given where they enhance understanding and learning and where they are particularly useful for practical application. Practical guidance also is given for new researchers so that they can begin using the various processes effectively and in ways that avoid common mistakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Lovell
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - F Joseph Schork
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
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4
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Dao VH, Cameron NR, Saito K. Synthesis of UHMW Star-Shaped AB Block Copolymers and Their Flocculation Efficiency in High-Ionic-Strength Environments. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil R. Cameron
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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5
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Haven JJ, Hendrikx M, Junkers T, Leenaers PJ, Tsompanoglou T, Boyer C, Xu J, Postma A, Moad G. Elements of RAFT Navigation. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2018-1284.ch004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joris J Haven
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
- Insitute for Materials Research, Universiteit Hasselt, B-3590 Diepenbeck, Belgium
| | - Matthew Hendrikx
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Junkers
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
- Insitute for Materials Research, Universiteit Hasselt, B-3590 Diepenbeck, Belgium
| | - Pieter J Leenaers
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Theodora Tsompanoglou
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of NSW, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of NSW, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Almar Postma
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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6
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Dao VH, Cameron NR, Saito K. Synthesis of ultra-high molecular weight ABA triblock copolymers via aqueous RAFT-mediated gel polymerisation, end group modification and chain coupling. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01410d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel ultra-high molecular weight ABA triblock copolymers were synthesised using aqueous RAFT polymerisation, end-group modification and chain coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu H. Dao
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - Neil R. Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
- School of Engineering
| | - Kei Saito
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
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7
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Zetterlund PB, Thickett SC, Perrier S, Bourgeat-Lami E, Lansalot M. Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in Dispersed Systems: An Update. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9745-800. [PMID: 26313922 DOI: 10.1021/cr500625k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Per B Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stuart C Thickett
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Elodie Bourgeat-Lami
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), LCPP group, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), LCPP group, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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Colmán MME, Chicoma DL, Giudici R, Araújo PHH, Sayer C. Acrylamide inverse miniemulsion polymerization: in situ, real-time monitoring using nir spectroscopy. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20140314s00002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R. Giudici
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | | | - C. Sayer
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil
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9
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Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels Synthesis using Free Radical and RAFT Polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201300045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Cao Z, Ziener U. Synthesis of nanostructured materials in inverse miniemulsions and their applications. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:10093-10107. [PMID: 24056795 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03190j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanogels, inorganic nanoparticles, and organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles can be prepared via the inverse miniemulsion technique. Hydrophilic functional cargos, such as proteins, DNA, and macromolecular fluoresceins, may be conveniently encapsulated in these nanostructured materials. In this review, the progress of inverse miniemulsions since 2000 is summarized on the basis of the types of reactions carried out in inverse miniemulsions, including conventional free radical polymerization, controlled/living radical polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition, anionic polymerization, catalytic oxidation reaction, sol-gel process, and precipitation reaction of inorganic precursors. In addition, the applications of the nanostructured materials synthesized in inverse miniemulsions are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Cao
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Xuelin Street 16, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
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11
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Romio AP, Rodrigues HH, Peres A, Da Cas Viegas A, Kobitskaya E, Ziener U, Landfester K, Sayer C, Araújo PHH. Encapsulation of magnetic nickel nanoparticles via inverse miniemulsion polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Li W, Matyjaszewski K. AGET ATRP of oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate in inverse microemulsion. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00431j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Spiegel S. A Fast-Growing Child …. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Yu Y, Zhang Q, Zhan X, Chen F. Comparison of styrene reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization in a miniemulsion system stabilized by ammonlysis poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) and sodium dodecyl sulfate. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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An Z, Qiu Q, Liu G. Synthesis of architecturally well-defined nanogels via RAFT polymerization for potential bioapplications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:12424-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13955j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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