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Renewable Polymers Derived from Limonene. CHEMENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering7010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Renewable natural and synthetic basic substances can be used to produce biodegradable polymers. Several methods of the polymerization of terpene limonene have been evaluated. The polymerization methods evaluated are radical polymerization, cationic polymerization and thiol-ene polymerization. The free-radical polymerization of limonene with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator was carried out. The cationic polymerization of limonene was carried out using AlCl3 as a catalyst. The copolymerization of limonene with mercaptoethanol, 2-mercaptoethyl ether without an initiator and with an AIBN initiator was studied and it was also shown that polymerization can proceed spontaneously. The resulting compounds were investigated by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The values of the molecular weight characteristics of the samples obtained are presented, such as: number-average molecular weight, hydrodynamic radius and characteristic viscosity, depending on the method of production. The coefficients α (molecular shape) in the Mark–Kuhn–Houwink equation are determined according to the established values of the characteristic viscosity. According to the values obtained, the AC molecules in solution have parameters α 0.14 to 0.26, which corresponds to a good solvent and the molecular shape-dense coil.
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Constant E, King O, Weems AC. Bioderived 4D Printable Terpene Photopolymers from Limonene and β-Myrcene. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2342-2352. [PMID: 35608477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Green manufacturing and reducing our cultural dependency on petrochemicals have been topics of growing interest in the past decade, particularly for three-dimensional (3D) printable photopolymers where often toxic solvents and reagents have been required. Here, a simple solvent-free, free-radical polymerization is utilized to homo- and copolymerize limonene and β-myrcene monomers to produce oligomeric photopolymers (Mn < 11 kDa) displaying Newtonian, low viscosities (∼10 Pa × s) suitable for thiol-ene photo-cross-linking, yielding photoset materials in a digital light processing (DLP)-type 3D printer. The resulting photosets display tunable thermomechanical properties (poly(limonene) displays elastic moduli exceeding 1 GPa) compared with previous works focusing on monomeric terpenes as well as four-dimensional (4D) shape memory behavior. The utility of such photopolymers for biomedical applications is briefly considered on the premise of the hydrophilic nature (measured by contact angle) as well as their cytocompatibility upon seeding films with macrophages. These terpene-derived, green 4D photopolymers are shown to have promising physical behaviors suitable for an array of manufacturing and 3D printing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Constant
- Biomedical Engineering, Russ College of Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Olivia King
- Molecular and Chemical Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Andrew C Weems
- Biomedical Engineering, Russ College of Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States.,Molecular and Chemical Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Translational Biosciences, Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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Nitroxide-mediated polymerization of styrene and limonene in the framework of synthesis of potentially functional polymers using naturally occurring terpenes. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Dubé MA, Gabriel VA, Pakdel AS, Zhang Y. Sustainable polymer reaction engineering: Are we there yet? CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Vida A. Gabriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Amir S. Pakdel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
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da Silva RVDCA, Vieira RP. An Experimental and Computational Approach on Controlled Radical Photopolymerization of Limonene. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Molina-Gutiérrez S, Li WSJ, Perrin R, Ladmiral V, Bongiovanni R, Caillol S, Lacroix-Desmazes P. Radical Aqueous Emulsion Copolymerization of Eugenol-Derived Monomers for Adhesive Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4514-4521. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Drozdov FV, Tarasenkov AN, Cherkaev GV, Demchenko NV, Buzin MI, Leites LA, Muzafarov AM. Synthesis and properties of prepolymers and their siloxane analogues by thiol‐ene polyaddition of limonene with dithiols. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor V Drozdov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexandr N Tarasenkov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Georgij V Cherkaev
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Nina V Demchenko
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Michail I Buzin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Larissa A Leites
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Aziz M Muzafarov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
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Making the Most of Parameter Estimation: Terpolymerization Troubleshooting Tips. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7070444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-component polymers can provide many advantages over their homopolymer counterparts. Terpolymers are formed from the combination of three unique monomers, thus creating a new material that will exhibit desirable properties based on all three of the original comonomers. To ensure that all three comonomers are incorporated (and to understand and/or predict the degree of incorporation of each comonomer), accurate reactivity ratios are vital. In this study, five terpolymerization studies from the literature are revisited and the ‘ternary’ reactivity ratios are re-estimated. Some recent studies have shown that binary reactivity ratios (that is, from the related copolymer systems) do not always apply to ternary systems. In other reports, binary reactivity ratios are in good agreement with terpolymer data. This investigation allows for the comparison between previously determined binary reactivity ratios and newly estimated ‘ternary’ reactivity ratios for several systems. In some of the case studies presented herein, reactivity ratio estimation directly from terpolymerization data is limited by composition restrictions or ill-conditioned systems. In other cases, we observe similar or improved prediction performance (for ternary systems) when ‘ternary’ reactivity ratios are estimated directly from terpolymerization data (compared to the traditionally used binary reactivity ratios). In order to demonstrate the advantages and challenges associated with ‘ternary’ reactivity ratio estimation, five case studies are presented (with examples and counter-examples) and troubleshooting suggestions are provided to inform future work.
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Romero-Hernández JE, Cruz-Rosado A, Zolotukhin MG, Vivaldo-Lima E. Modeling of Superacid Catalyzed Step-Growth Polymerization of Isatin and Biphenyl or Terphenyl Monomers. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201700031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Enrique Romero-Hernández
- Facultad de Química; Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Rosado
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Mikhail G. Zolotukhin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Eduardo Vivaldo-Lima
- Facultad de Química; Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 Ciudad de México México
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Green Emulsion Polymerization Technology. POLYMER REACTION ENGINEERING OF DISPERSED SYSTEMS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2017_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ren S, Dubé MA. Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization of n-Butyl Acrylate and D-Limonene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201500101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ren
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation; University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt. Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation; University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt. Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
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Modeling of the Copolymerization Kinetics of n-Butyl Acrylate and d-Limonene Using PREDICI ®. Processes (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/pr4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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13
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Ren S, Zhang L, Dubé MA. Free-radical terpolymerization ofn-butyl acrylate/butyl methacrylate/d-limonene. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ren
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation; University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation; University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation; University of Ottawa; 161 Louis Pasteur Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
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