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Henderson VK, Brismée JM. Pediatric neck pain of a 10-year-old child with cervical spinal tumor evaluated and managed in direct access physical therapy: a case report. J Man Manip Ther 2024; 32:335-342. [PMID: 38415682 PMCID: PMC11216264 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2024.2319427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Differential diagnosis of pediatric neck pain requires age-appropriate communication and assessment tools. Recognizing these age-related nuances is critical, emphasizing the role of physical therapists in assessing and managing pediatric patients while ruling out severe pathologies. CASE DESCRIPTION A 10-year-old male presented to physical therapy with a five-week history of increasing neck pain. A thorough history and segmental cervical examination considering the patient's age and development, led to patient referral to the emergency department. This case underscores the significance of comprehensive evaluation in pediatric neck pain management. OUTCOMES The patient was diagnosed with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH). LCH primarily affects children and is treated with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy reduced the tumor, revealing C2 vertebral body damage. The patient underwent C1-C3 fusion surgery, a standard procedure for atlanto-occipital region stabilization in children. The patient was advised to restrict motion for 6 months while monitoring for tumor growth. DISCUSSION-CONCLUSION Pediatric neck cancer presents diagnostic challenges due to varied symptoms, but research highlights specific indicators to assist with differential diagnosis. This case emphasizes the need to recognize the complexities of pediatric neck pain and perform a thorough age-appropriate evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Michel Brismée
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Rehabilitation Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Henderson VK, Brismée JM. New clinical decision tool to assist physical therapists with joint mobilization application to the pediatric population. J Man Manip Ther 2024; 32:304-309. [PMID: 38426695 PMCID: PMC11216253 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2024.2322213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Joint mobilizations are well-established and extensively researched treatment modality for adults. However, it remains largely unexplored in the pediatric population. Physical therapists hesitate to perform joint mobilization on children because of lack of knowledge, concern for the developing skeletal system, and the paucity of research on the topic. The aim of this article is to present a decision tool created for a continuing education course with the purpose to instruct pediatric therapists in the safe and effective use of joint mobilizations in children. It is based on the pediatric paradigm of developmental and functional assessment to best address the concerns and preferences of physical therapists (PTs). To advance research in pediatric joint mobilization, PTs should listen to the concerns of pediatric therapists and respond to those concerns with effective, evidence-supported training. This decision tree will serve as a resource for the education of pediatric therapists in the safe and effective use of joint mobilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Michel Brismée
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Rehabilitation Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
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Kankaala T, Rajavaara P, Kestilä M, Väisänen M, Vähänikkilä H, Laitala ML, Anttonen V. Methods Helping Dentists to Detect Dental Fear. Int Dent J 2023; 73:228-234. [PMID: 35918206 PMCID: PMC10023586 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental fear is common and yet often remains unrecognised. COVID-19 has challenged health care since 2020. This study aimed to evaluate patients' self-reported dental fear and detection of dental fear by the dentists. Another aim was to validate a colour code instrument for estimating dental fear. The influence of COVID-19 on fear and attendance was assessed. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the primary urgent dental care of Oulu, Finland, in spring 2020 and 2021 after the first (T1) and third waves (T2) of the pandemic. Data were obtained for analyses using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), Facial Image Scale (FIS), and a new "traffic light" colour code for dental fear (CCF). The influence of COVID-19 on dental fear and attendance was assessed with structured and open-ended questions. The questionnaires were completed by 273 anonymous participants. RESULTS Of the participants, 167 (61.2%) visited dental care during T1 and 106 (38.8%) during T2. Their mean age was 45.1 years. An MDAS score of 19 or above, indicating severe fear, was reported by 10.6% of the participants. Of those with severe dental fear, 87% chose the red colour in the CCF "traffic light" system. The association between dentists' and participants' estimation of dental fear was weak (P < .001) and agreement with the red code was nonexistent (Cohen's kappa value = -0.035). MDAS scores of the younger participants were higher than those of the older ones after the first wave (T1) (P = .021). COVID-19 had the strongest influence on dental attendance and dental fear of those having the most severe self-reported dental fear as measured by the MDAS. CONCLUSIONS Colour-coded traffic lights seem valid for screening severe dental fear and are easy and quick to use. They could be useful tools especially since recognising dental fear seems difficult for dentists. The COVID-19 pandemic has complicated dental care for the most fearful individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Kankaala
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Paediatric Dentistry, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland; Dental Teaching Unit, City of Oulu, Finland.
| | - Päivi Rajavaara
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Paediatric Dentistry, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland; Dental Teaching Unit, City of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital
| | - Maria Kestilä
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Paediatric Dentistry, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Väisänen
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Paediatric Dentistry, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannu Vähänikkilä
- Biostatistician Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Laitala
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Paediatric Dentistry, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Paediatric Dentistry, Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital
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Korving H, Sterkenburg P, Barakova E, Feijs L. Designing pain visualisation for caregivers of people with special needs: A co-creation approach. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11975. [PMID: 36506382 PMCID: PMC9730134 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognizing pain in people with communicative disabilities is challenging. A support system detecting pain signals provides caregivers with information to intervene adequately. This study aims to develop a design for a user interface visualizing pain experiences for a signalling system intended for caregivers. Caregivers receive alerts, indicating the presence or absence of pain experienced by a disabled individual. The design process included the use of value proposition, a brainstorm, a mood board with basic design elements, and multiple questionnaires and focus groups. During the multi-disciplinary design process end-users were extensively involved. The final design was deemed intuitive, clear and recognizable, and useable in daily caregiving. This article describes the creation process for a non-hedonistic visualization for this niche end-user group.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Korving
- Department of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Clinical Child and Family Studies, Amsterdam Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Industrial Design, Future Everyday Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE Eindhoven, the Netherlands,Corresponding author.
| | - P.S. Sterkenburg
- Department of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Clinical Child and Family Studies, Amsterdam Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Bartiméus, Oude Arnhemse Bovenweg 3, 3941 XM Doorn, the Netherlands
| | - E.I. Barakova
- Department of Industrial Design, Future Everyday Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - L.M.G. Feijs
- Department of Industrial Design, Future Everyday Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Effectiveness of Insole Colour on Impact Loading and Lower-Limb Kinematics When Running at Preferred and Nonpreferred Speeds. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:8947433. [PMID: 34900206 PMCID: PMC8654554 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8947433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
While colour of red can play a significant role in altering human perception and performances, little is known about its perceptual-motor effect on running mechanics. This study examined the effects of variations in insole colours on impact forces, ankle kinematics, and trial-to-trial reliability at various running speeds. Sixteen male recreational runners ran on instrumented treadmill at slow (90%), preferred (100%), and fast (110%) running speeds when wearing insoles in red, blue, and white colours. We used synchronized force platform and motion capturing system to measure ground reaction force, ankle sagittal and frontal kinematics, and movement variability. A two-way (colour x speed) ANOVA with repeated measures was performed with Bonferroni adjusted post hoc comparisons, with alpha set at 0.05. Data analyses indicated that participants demonstrated higher impact and maximum loading rate of ground reaction force, longer stride length, shorter contact time, and smaller touchdown ankle inversion as well as larger ankle sagittal range of motion (RoM), but smaller frontal RoM in fast speed as compared with preferred (P < 0.05) and slow speeds (P < 0.001). Although insole colour had minimal effect on mean values of any tested variables (P > 0.05), participants wearing red-coloured orthoses showed higher coefficient of variation values for maximum loading rate than wearing blue insoles (P=0.009). These results suggest that running at faster speed would lead to higher impact loading and altered lower-limb mechanics and that colour used on the tops of insoles influences the wearers' movement repeatability, with implications for use of foot insole in running.
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Lor M, Rabago D, Backonja M. Evaluation of the Use of Colors and Drawings for Pain Communication for Hmong Patients. Pain Manag Nurs 2021; 22:811-819. [PMID: 34257006 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to explore: (1) the feasibility of using color and pain drawing to describe pain; (2) the cultural appropriateness of pain body diagram (PBD); and (3) the cultural meaning of colors used in pain expression within one cultural group-the Hmong residing in the United States. DESIGN A qualitative-descriptive study. METHODS Data were collected sequentially in two phases with different Hmong participants from a Midwestern city using (1) focus groups to determine colors used for pain intensity and qualities along with preferences for drawing versus using the PBD; and (2) individual interviews to determine pain-related meanings of colors and cultural appropriateness of PBDs. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using summative and directed content analyses. RESULTS Of 67 participants, 73% were female, the average age was 53.7±14.9 years, and 67% received Medicaid. In Phase I, most participants were unable to draw their pain on a blank page and preferred using a PBD. Most could select colors for pain intensity levels, with white and red indicating no pain and severe pain, respectively. In Phase II, white, red, and black had cultural meanings related to pain while colors such as yellow, orange, and blue had personal meanings. All participants perceived the PBD to be culturally appropriate. CONCLUSIONS The study's findings have implications for how to use colors in pain communication and confirm that PBDs can be used with Hmong patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maichou Lor
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - David Rabago
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, State College, Pennsylvania
| | - Miroslav Backonja
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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Ali R, Chen J, Qu G, Pekarek M, Cai Y, Zhou F, Huang MC. Pain Marker Evaluation Application in Augmented Reality and Mobile Platforms. Comput Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/mcse.2020.2988395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yi Cai
- Case Western Reserve University
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Altan H, Çevik H, Doğru S, Coşgun A, Süren M, Okan İ. The pain colour of children with toothache in Turkish population. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:59. [PMID: 30999904 PMCID: PMC6472088 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toothache is a common consequence of untreated caries, predisposed by poor oral hygiene and high caries risk. Most children expressed their pain through their parents or carers. The aim of this study was to determine the colour of pain presence and absence. Methods Patients aged between 4 and 14 and referred to a dentist for the first time due to toothache had a short-term pain of 1 month caused by deep cavities. The children chose paintings from the box of 24 standard colours (Crayola, Spain) and the circles were painted. Pain was rated by children on the Visual Analoge Scale. Normality and variance were tested using the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Associations were performed by using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Analyses were completed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) version 20.0 program. Results A total of 147 patients including 78 girls (53.1%) and 69 boys (46.9%) were included in the study. The principal component analysis showed that red has the highest factor loading in children with pain, whereas yellow was the other highest one in children without pain. Conclusion The presence of pain was mainly associated with red, and the absence of pain was associated with yellow in Turkish population. Description of pain with colour can be useful tool to recognize the children and to improve dentist-patient or dentist-parents communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halenur Altan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Hüseyin Çevik
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Serkan Doğru
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Alem Coşgun
- Kayseri Nimet Bayraktar Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Süren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
| | - İsmail Okan
- Department of General Surgery, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
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