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Ubogu EE, Conner JA, Wang Y, Yadav D, Saunders TL. Development of a major histocompatibility complex class II conditional knockout mouse to study cell-specific and time-dependent adaptive immune responses in peripheral nerves. Muscle Nerve 2024; 70:420-433. [PMID: 38922958 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS The precise relationship between molecular mimicry and tissue-specific autoimmunity is unknown. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen presenting cell-CD4+ T-cell receptor complex interactions are necessary for adaptive immunity. This study aimed to determine the role of endoneurial endothelial cell MHC class II in autoimmune polyneuropathy. METHODS Cryopreserved Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patient sural nerve biopsies and sciatic nerves from the severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis (sm-EAN) GBS model were studied. Cultured conditional ready MHC Class II antigen A-alpha chain (H2-Aa) embryonic stem cells were used to generate H2-Aaflox/+ C57BL/6 mice. Mice were backcrossed and intercrossed to the SJL background to generate H2-Aaflox/flox SJL mice, bred with hemizygous Tamoxifen-inducible von Willebrand factor Cre recombinase (vWF-iCre/+) SJL mice to generate H2-Aaflox/flox; vWF-iCre/+ mice to study microvascular endothelial cell adaptive immune responses. Sm-EAN was induced in Tamoxifen-treated H2-Aaflox/flox; vWF-iCre/+, H2-Aaflox/flox; +/+, H2-Aa+/+; vWF-iCre/+ and untreated H2-Aaflox/flox; vWF-iCre/+ adult female SJL mice. Neurobehavioral, electrophysiological and histopathological assessments were performed at predefined time points. RESULTS Endoneurial endothelial cell MHC class II expression was observed in normal and inflamed human and mouse peripheral nerves. Tamoxifen-treated H2-Aaflox/flox; vWF-iCre/+ mice were resistant to sm-EAN despite extensive MHC class II expression in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. DISCUSSION A conditional MHC class II knockout mouse to study cell- and time-dependent adaptive immune responses in vivo was developed. Initial studies show microvascular endothelial cell MHC class II expression is necessary for peripheral nerve specific autoimmunity, as advocated by human in vitro adaptive immunity and ex vivo transplant rejection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eroboghene E Ubogu
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeremy A Conner
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yimin Wang
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Dinesh Yadav
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Thomas L Saunders
- Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Ubogu EE, Conner JA, Wang Y, Yadav D, Saunders TL. Development of a major histocompatibility complex class II conditional knockout mouse to study cell-specific and time-dependent adaptive immune responses in peripheral nerves. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.24.550421. [PMID: 37546875 PMCID: PMC10402085 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II professional antigen presenting cell-naïve CD4+ T cell interactions via the T-cell receptor complex are necessary for adaptive immunity. MHC class II upregulation in multiple cell types occurs in human autoimmune polyneuropathy patient biopsies, necessitating studies to ascertain cellular signaling pathways required for tissue-specific autoimmunity. Methods Cryopreserved Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patient sural nerve biopsies and sciatic nerves from the severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis (sm-EAN) GBS model were studied. Cultured conditional ready MHC Class II antigen A-alpha chain (H2-Aa) embryonic stem cells were used to generate H2-Aa flox/+ C57BL/6 mice. Mice were backcrossed and intercrossed to the SJL background to generate H2-Aa flox/flox SJL mice, bred with hemizygous Tamoxifen-inducible von Willebrand factor Cre recombinase (vWF-iCre/+) SJL mice to generate H2-Aa flox/flox ; vWF-iCre/+ to study microvascular endothelial cell adaptive immune responses. Sm-EAN was induced in adult female SJL Tamoxifen-treated H2-Aa flox/flox ; vWF-iCre/+ mice and H2-Aa flox/flox ; +/+ littermate controls. Neurobehavioral, electrophysiological and histopathological assessments were performed at predefined time points. Results Endoneurial endothelial cell MHC class II expression was observed in normal and inflamed human and mouse peripheral nerves. Adult female Tamoxifen-treated H2-Aa flox/flox ; vWF-iCre/+ did not develop sm-EAN despite extensive MHC class II expression in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues. Discussion A conditional MHC class II knockout mouse to study cell- and time-dependent adaptive immune responses in vivo is developed. Initial studies show microvascular endothelial cell MHC class II expression is necessary for peripheral nerve specific autoimmunity, as advocated by human in vitro adaptive immunity and ex vivo transplant rejection studies.
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El-Sawaf ES, Saleh S, Abdallah DM, Ahmed KA, El-Abhar HS. Vitamin D and rosuvastatin obliterate peripheral neuropathy in a type-2 diabetes model through modulating Notch1, Wnt-10α, TGF-β and NRF-1 crosstalk. Life Sci 2021; 279:119697. [PMID: 34102194 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vitamin D and rosuvastatin are well-known drugs that mediate beneficial effects in treating type-2 diabetes (T2D) complications; however, their anti-neuropathic potential is debatable. Hence, our study investigates their neurotherapeutic potential and the possible underlying mechanisms using a T2D-associated neuropathy rat model. MAIN METHODS Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was induced with 8 weeks of administration of a high fat fructose diet followed by a single i.p. injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Six weeks later, DPN developed and rats were divided into five groups; viz., control, untreated DPN, DPN treated with vitamin D (cholecalciferol, 3500 IU/kg/week), DPN treated with rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg/day), or DPN treated with combination vitamin D and rosuvastatin. We determined their anti-neuropathic effects on small nerves (tail flick test); large nerves (electrophysiological and histological examination); neuronal inflammation (TNF-α and IL-18); apoptosis (caspase-3 activity and Bcl-2); mitochondrial function (NRF-1, TFAM, mtDNA, and ATP); and NICD1, Wnt-10α/β-catenin, and TGF-β/Smad-7 pathways. KEY FINDINGS Two-month treatment with vitamin D and/or rosuvastatin regenerated neuronal function and architecture and abated neuronal inflammation and apoptosis. This was verified by the inhibition of the neuronal content of TNF-α, IL-18, and caspase-3 activity, while augmenting Bcl-2 content in the sciatic nerve. These treatments inhibited the protein expressions of NICD1, Wnt-10α, β-catenin, and TGF-β; increased the sciatic nerve content of Smad-7; and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function. SIGNIFICANCE Vitamin D and/or rosuvastatin alleviated diabetes-induced neuropathy by suppressing Notch1 and Wnt-10α/β-catenin; modulating TGF-β/Smad-7 signaling pathways; and enhancing mitochondrial function, which lessened neuronal degeneration, demyelination, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engie S El-Sawaf
- Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samira Saleh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Goossens C, Weckx R, Derde S, Van Helleputte L, Schneidereit D, Haug M, Reischl B, Friedrich O, Van Den Bosch L, Van den Berghe G, Langouche L. Impact of prolonged sepsis on neural and muscular components of muscle contractions in a mouse model. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:443-455. [PMID: 33465304 PMCID: PMC8061378 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged critically ill patients frequently develop debilitating muscle weakness that can affect both peripheral nerves and skeletal muscle. In-depth knowledge on the temporal contribution of neural and muscular components to muscle weakness is currently incomplete. METHODS We used a fluid-resuscitated, antibiotic-treated, parenterally fed murine model of prolonged (5 days) sepsis-induced muscle weakness (caecal ligation and puncture; n = 148). Electromyography (EMG) measurements were performed in two nerve-muscle complexes, combined with histological analysis of neuromuscular junction denervation, axonal degeneration, and demyelination. In situ muscle force measurements distinguished neural from muscular contribution to reduced muscle force generation. In myofibres, imaging and biomechanics were combined to evaluate myofibrillar contractile calcium sensitivity, sarcomere organization, and fibre structural properties. Myosin and actin protein content and titin gene expression were measured on the whole muscle. RESULTS Five days of sepsis resulted in increased EMG latency (P = 0.006) and decreased EMG amplitude (P < 0.0001) in the dorsal caudal tail nerve-tail complex, whereas only EMG amplitude was affected in the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle complex (P < 0.0001). Myelin sheath abnormalities (P = 0.2), axonal degeneration (number of axons; P = 0.4), and neuromuscular junction denervation (P = 0.09) were largely absent in response to sepsis, but signs of axonal swelling [higher axon area (P < 0.0001) and g-ratio (P = 0.03)] were observed. A reduction in maximal muscle force was present after indirect nerve stimulation (P = 0.007) and after direct muscle stimulation (P = 0.03). The degree of force reduction was similar with both stimulations (P = 0.2), identifying skeletal muscle, but not peripheral nerves, as the main contributor to muscle weakness. Myofibrillar calcium sensitivity of the contractile apparatus was unaffected by sepsis (P ≥ 0.6), whereas septic myofibres displayed disorganized sarcomeres (P < 0.0001) and altered myofibre axial elasticity (P < 0.0001). Septic myofibres suffered from increased rupturing in a passive stretching protocol (25% more than control myofibres; P = 0.04), which was associated with impaired myofibre active force generation (P = 0.04), linking altered myofibre integrity to function. Sepsis also caused a reduction in muscle titin gene expression (P = 0.04) and myosin and actin protein content (P = 0.05), but not the myosin-to-actin ratio (P = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged sepsis-induced muscle weakness may predominantly be related to a disruption in myofibrillar cytoarchitectural structure, rather than to neural abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloë Goossens
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruben Weckx
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Derde
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lawrence Van Helleputte
- Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominik Schneidereit
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Haug
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Reischl
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Van den Berghe
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies Langouche
- Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Lin CH, Tsai PI, Lin HY, Hattori N, Funayama M, Jeon B, Sato K, Abe K, Mukai Y, Takahashi Y, Li Y, Nishioka K, Yoshino H, Daida K, Chen ML, Cheng J, Huang CY, Tzeng SR, Wu YS, Lai HJ, Tsai HH, Yen RF, Lee NC, Lo WC, Hung YC, Chan CC, Ke YC, Chao CC, Hsieh ST, Farrer M, Wu RM. Mitochondrial UQCRC1 mutations cause autosomal dominant parkinsonism with polyneuropathy. Brain 2021; 143:3352-3373. [PMID: 33141179 PMCID: PMC7719032 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder with a multifactorial aetiology. Nevertheless, the genetic predisposition in many families with multi-incidence disease remains unknown. This study aimed to identify novel genes that cause familial Parkinson's disease. Whole exome sequencing was performed in three affected members of the index family with a late-onset autosomal-dominant parkinsonism and polyneuropathy. We identified a novel heterozygous substitution c.941A>C (p.Tyr314Ser) in the mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 (UQCRC1) gene, which co-segregates with disease within the family. Additional analysis of 699 unrelated Parkinson's disease probands with autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease and 1934 patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease revealed another two variants in UQCRC1 in the probands with familial Parkinson's disease, c.931A>C (p.Ile311Leu) and an allele with concomitant splicing mutation (c.70-1G>A) and a frameshift insertion (c.73_74insG, p.Ala25Glyfs*27). All substitutions were absent in 1077 controls and the Taiwan Biobank exome database from healthy participants (n = 1517 exomes). We then assayed the pathogenicity of the identified rare variants using CRISPR/Cas9-based knock-in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cell lines, Drosophila and mouse models. Mutant UQCRC1 expression leads to neurite degeneration and mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells. UQCRC1 p.Tyr314Ser knock-in Drosophila and mouse models exhibit age-dependent locomotor defects, dopaminergic neuronal loss, peripheral neuropathy, impaired respiratory chain complex III activity and aberrant mitochondrial ultrastructures in nigral neurons. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of levodopa could significantly improve the motor dysfunction in UQCRC1 p.Tyr314Ser mutant knock-in mice. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo studies support the functional pathogenicity of rare UQCRC1 variants in familial parkinsonism. Our findings expand an additional link of mitochondrial complex III dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-I Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Han-Yi Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorder Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Parkinson Study Group, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kota Sato
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yohei Mukai
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Yoshino
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Daida
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Meng-Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jay Cheng
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Huang
- The first core laboratory, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Ru Tzeng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Sheng Wu
- Electron Microscope Laboratory of Tzong Jwo Jang, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Lai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsi Tsai
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruoh-Fang Yen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Chung Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Lo
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Hung
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chan
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ci Ke
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chao Chao
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Farrer
- Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Applied Neurogenetics, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ruey-Meei Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Addressing the Need of a Translational Approach in Peripheral Neuropathy Research: Morphology Meets Function. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020139. [PMID: 33499072 PMCID: PMC7911498 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathies (PNs) are a type of common disease that hampers the quality of life of affected people. Treatment, in most cases, is just symptomatic and often ineffective. To improve drug discovery in this field, preclinical evidence is warranted. In vivo rodent models allow a multiparametric approach to test new therapeutic strategies, since they can allow pathogenetic and morphological studies different from the clinical setting. However, human readouts are warranted to promptly translate data from the bench to the bedside. A feasible solution would be neurophysiology, performed similarly at both sides. We describe a simple protocol that reproduces the standard clinical protocol of a neurophysiology hospital department. We devised the optimal montage for sensory and motor recordings (neurography) in mice, and we also implemented F wave testing and a short electromyography (EMG) protocol at rest. We challenged this algorithm by comparing control animals (BALB/c mice) with a model of mild neuropathy to grasp even subtle changes. The neurophysiological results were confirmed with neuropathology. The treatment group showed all expected alterations. Moreover, the neurophysiology matched the neuropathological analyses. Therefore, our protocol can be suggested to promptly translate data from the bench to the bedside and vice versa.
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Jha MK, Ament XH, Yang F, Liu Y, Polydefkis MJ, Pellerin L, Morrison BM. Reducing monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 worsens experimental diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Exp Neurol 2020; 333:113415. [PMID: 32717355 PMCID: PMC7502508 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications in diabetic patients. Though the exact mechanism for DPN is unknown, it clearly involves metabolic dysfunction and energy failure in multiple cells within the peripheral nervous system. Lactate is an alternate source of metabolic energy that is increasingly recognized for its role in supporting neurons. The primary transporter for lactate in the nervous system, monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1), has been shown to be critical for peripheral nerve regeneration and metabolic support to neurons/axons. In this study, MCT1 was reduced in both sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia in wild-type mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ), a common model of type-1 diabetes. Heterozygous MCT1 null mice that developed hyperglycemia following STZ treatment developed a more severe DPN compared to wild-type mice, as measured by greater axonal demyelination, decreased peripheral nerve function, and increased numbness to innocuous low-threshold mechanical stimulation. Given that MCT1 inhibitors are being developed as both immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic medications, our results suggest that clinical development in patients with diabetes should proceed with caution. Collectively, our findings uncover an important role for MCT1 in DPN and provide a potential lead toward developing novel treatments for this currently untreatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithilesh Kumar Jha
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Xanthe H Ament
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Michael J Polydefkis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Luc Pellerin
- Inserm U1082, Universite de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex 86021, France; Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR5536 CNRS, LabEx TRAIL-IBIO, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex 33760, France
| | - Brett M Morrison
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
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Preventive hypothermia as a neuroprotective strategy for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Pain 2020; 160:1505-1521. [PMID: 30839425 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a severe adverse effect that occurs secondary to anticancer treatments and has no known preventive or therapeutic strategy. Therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to be effective in protecting against central and peripheral nervous system injuries. However, the effects of therapeutic hypothermia on CIPN have rarely been explored. We induced lower back hypothermia (LBH) in an established paclitaxel-induced CIPN rat model and found that the paclitaxel-induced impairments observed in behavioral, electrophysiological, and histological impairments were inhibited by LBH when applied at an optimal setting of 24°C to the sciatic nerve and initiated 90 minutes before paclitaxel infusion. Lower back hypothermia also inhibited the paclitaxel-induced activation of astroglia and microglia in the spinal cord and macrophage infiltration into and neuronal injury in the dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerves. Furthermore, LBH decreased the local blood flow and local tissue concentrations of paclitaxel. Finally, in NOD/SCID mice inoculated with cancer cells, the antiproliferative effect of paclitaxel was not affected by the distal application of LBH. In conclusion, our findings indicate that early exposure to regional hypothermia alleviates paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Therapeutic hypothermia may therefore represent an economical and nonpharmaceutical preventive strategy for CIPN in patients with localized solid tumors.
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Shavit-Stein E, Aronovich R, Sylantiev C, Gofrit SG, Chapman J, Dori A. The role of thrombin in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219453. [PMID: 31276565 PMCID: PMC6611599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is common and disabling despite glycemic control. Novel neuroprotective approaches are needed. Thrombin and hypercoagulability are associated with diabetes and nerve conduction dysfunction. Our aim was to study the role of thrombin in diabetic neuropathy. We measured thrombin activity by a biochemical assay in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Neuropathy severity was assessed by thermal latency and nerve conduction measures. Thermal latencies were longer in diabetic rats, and improved with the non-specific serine-protease inhibitor Tosyl-L-lysine-chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) treatment (p<0.01). The tail nerve of diabetic rats showed slow conduction velocity (p˂0.01), and interestingly, increased thrombin activity was noted in the sciatic nerve (p˂0.001). Sciatic nodes of Ranvier and the thrombin receptor, protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) reactivity showed abnormal morphology in diabetic animals by immunofluorescence staining (p<0.0001). Treatment of diabetic animals with either the specific thrombin inhibitor, N-alpha 2 naphtalenesulfonylglycyl alpha-4 amidino-phenylalaninepiperidide (NAPAP) or TLCK preserved normal conduction velocity, (p˂0.01 and p = 0.01 respectively), and prevented disruption of morphology (p˂0.05 and p˂0.03). The results establish for the first time an association between diabetic neuropathy and excessive activation of the thrombin pathway. Treatment of diabetic animals with thrombin inhibitors ameliorates both biochemical, structural and electrophysiological deficits. The thrombin pathway inhibition may be a novel neuroprotective therapeutic target in the diabetic neuropathy pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Shavit-Stein
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Ramona Aronovich
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | - Joab Chapman
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Dori
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Talpiot medical leadership program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
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Pollard KJ, Sharma AD, Moore MJ. Neural microphysiological systems for in vitro modeling of peripheral nervous system disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/bem-2019-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PNS disease pathology is diverse and underappreciated. Peripheral neuropathy may result in sensory, motor or autonomic nerve dysfunction and can be induced by metabolic dysfunction, inflammatory dysfunction, cytotoxic pharmaceuticals, rare hereditary disorders or may be idiopathic. Current preclinical PNS disease research relies heavily on the use of rodent models. In vivo methods are effective but too time-consuming and expensive for high-throughput experimentation. Conventional in vitro methods can be performed with high throughput but lack the biological complexity necessary to directly model in vivo nerve structure and function. In this review, we survey in vitro PNS model systems and propose that 3D-bioengineered microphysiological nerve tissue can improve in vitro–in vivo extrapolation and expand the capabilities of in vitro PNS disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Pollard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | | | - Michael J Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
- AxoSim, Inc., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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11
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Shavit-Stein E, Aronovich R, Sylantiev C, Gera O, Gofrit SG, Chapman J, Dori A. Blocking Thrombin Significantly Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis. Front Neurol 2019; 9:1139. [PMID: 30662428 PMCID: PMC6328627 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin and its protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) are potentially important in peripheral nerve inflammatory diseases. We studied the role of thrombin and PAR1 in rat experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), a model of the human Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). EAN was induced by bovine peripheral myelin with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Thrombin activity in the sciatic nerves, clinical scores and rotarod performance were measured. Thrombin activity in the sciatic nerve was elevated in EAN compared to CFA control rats (sham rats) (p ≤ 0.004). The effect of blocking the thrombin-PAR1 pathway was studied using the non-selective thrombin inhibitor N-Tosyl-Lys-chloromethylketone (TLCK), and the highly specific thrombin inhibitor N-alpha 2 naphtalenesulfonylglycyl 4 amidino-phenylalaninepiperidide (NAPAP). In-vitro TLCK and NAPAP significantly inhibited specific thrombin activity in EAN rats sciatics (p<0.0001 for both inhibitors). Treatment with TLCK 4.4 mg/kg and NAPAP 69.8 mg/kg significantly improved clinical and rotarod scores starting at day 12 and 13 post immunization (DPI12, DPI13) respectively (p < 0.0001) compared to the untreated EAN rats. In nerve conduction studies, distal amplitude was significantly lower in EAN compared to sham rats (0.76 ± 0.34 vs. 9.8 ± 1.2, mV, p < 0.0001). Nerve conduction velocity was impaired in EAN rats (23.6 ± 2.6 vs. sham 43 ± 4.5, m/s p = 0.01) and was normalized by TLCK (41.2 ± 7.6 m/s, p < 0.05). PAR1 histology of the sciatic node of Ranvier indicated significant structural damage in the EAN rats which was prevented by TLCK treatment. These results suggest the thrombin-PAR1 pathway as a possible target for future intervention in GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Shavit-Stein
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ramona Aronovich
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Constantin Sylantiev
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orna Gera
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shany G. Gofrit
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Dori
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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12
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Allard DE, Wang Y, Li JJ, Conley B, Xu EW, Sailer D, Kimpston C, Notini R, Smith CJ, Koseoglu E, Starmer J, Zeng XL, Howard JF, Hoke A, Scherer SS, Su MA. Schwann cell-derived periostin promotes autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy via macrophage recruitment. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4727-4741. [PMID: 30222134 DOI: 10.1172/jci99308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) are inflammatory neuropathies that affect humans and are characterized by peripheral nerve myelin destruction and macrophage-containing immune infiltrates. In contrast to the traditional view that the peripheral nerve is simply the target of autoimmunity, we report here that peripheral nerve Schwann cells exacerbate the autoimmune process through extracellular matrix (ECM) protein induction. In a spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy (SAPP) mouse model of inflammatory neuropathy and CIDP nerve biopsies, the ECM protein periostin (POSTN) was upregulated in affected sciatic nerves and was primarily expressed by Schwann cells. Postn deficiency delayed the onset and reduced the extent of neuropathy, as well as decreased the number of macrophages infiltrating the sciatic nerve. In an in vitro assay, POSTN promoted macrophage chemotaxis in an integrin-AM (ITGAM) and ITGAV-dependent manner. The PNS-infiltrating macrophages in SAPP-affected nerves were pathogenic, since depletion of macrophages protected against the development of neuropathy. Our findings show that Schwann cells promote macrophage infiltration by upregulating Postn and suggest that POSTN is a novel target for the treatment of macrophage-associated inflammatory neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian Joel Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bridget Conley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erin W Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David Sailer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caellaigh Kimpston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rebecca Notini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Emel Koseoglu
- Neurology Department, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Joshua Starmer
- Department of Genetics and 7Department of Neurology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiaopei L Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - James F Howard
- Department of Neurology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ahmet Hoke
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven S Scherer
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maureen A Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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13
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Pollari E, Prior R, Robberecht W, Van Damme P, Van Den Bosch L. In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of Compound Muscle Action Potential from the Forelimbs in Mouse Models of Motor Neuron Degeneration. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29985328 PMCID: PMC6101751 DOI: 10.3791/57741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing the functionality of the nerve axon provides detailed information on the progression of neuromuscular disorders. Electrophysiological recordings provide a sensitive approach to measure nerve conduction in humans and rodent models. To broaden the technical possibilities for electromyography in mice, the measurement of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) from the brachial plexus nerve in the forelimb using needle electrodes is described here. CMAP recordings after stimulating the sciatic nerve in hindlimbs have been previously described. The newly introduced method here allows for the evaluation of the nerve conductivity at an additional site, and thus provides a more profound overview of the neuromuscular functionality. The technique provides information on both the relative number of functional axons and the myelination level. Thereby, this method can be applied to assess both axonal diseases as well as demyelinating conditions. This minimally invasive method does not require extraction of the nerve and therefore it is suitable for repeated measurements for longitudinal follow-up in the same animal. Similar recordings are performed in clinical setups to emphasize the translational relevance of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveliina Pollari
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB
| | - Robert Prior
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB
| | - Wim Robberecht
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB; Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB; Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven; Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB;
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14
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Alvarez-Prats A, Bjelobaba I, Aldworth Z, Baba T, Abebe D, Kim YJ, Stojilkovic SS, Stopfer M, Balla T. Schwann-Cell-Specific Deletion of Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Alpha Causes Aberrant Myelination. Cell Rep 2018; 23:2881-2890. [PMID: 29874576 PMCID: PMC7268203 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Active membrane remodeling during myelination relies on phospholipid synthesis and membrane polarization, both of which are known to depend on inositol phospholipids. Here, we show that sciatic nerves of mice lacking phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha (PI4KA) in Schwann cells (SCs) show substantially reduced myelin thickness with grave consequences on nerve conductivity and motor functions. Surprisingly, prolonged inhibition of PI4KA in immortalized mouse SCs failed to decrease plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) levels or PI 3-kinase (PI3K) activation, in spite of large reductions in plasma membrane PI4P levels. Instead, it caused rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton, which was also observed in sciatic nerves of knockout animals. PI4KA inactivation disproportionally reduced phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin content in mutant nerves, with similar changes observed in SCs treated with a PI4KA inhibitor. These studies define a role for PI4KA in myelin formation primarily affecting metabolism of key phospholipids and the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Alvarez-Prats
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ivana Bjelobaba
- Section on Cellular Signaling, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zane Aldworth
- Section on Sensory Coding and Neural Ensembles, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Takashi Baba
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Abebe
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yeun Ju Kim
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stanko S Stojilkovic
- Section on Cellular Signaling, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark Stopfer
- Section on Sensory Coding and Neural Ensembles, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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15
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Buonvicino D, Felici R, Ranieri G, Caramelli R, Lapucci A, Cavone L, Muzzi M, Di Pietro L, Bernardini C, Zwergel C, Valente S, Mai A, Chiarugi A. Effects of Class II-Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor on Neuromuscular Function and Disease Progression in SOD1-ALS Mice. Neuroscience 2018; 379:228-238. [PMID: 29588251 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that transcriptome alterations due to epigenetic deregulation concur to ALS pathogenesis. Accordingly, pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors delay ALS development in mice, but these compounds failed when tested in ALS patients. Possibly, lack of selectivity toward specific classes of HDACs weakens the therapeutic effects of pan-HDAC inhibitors. Here, we tested the effects of the HDAC Class II selective inhibitor MC1568 on disease evolution, motor neuron survival as well as skeletal muscle function in SOD1G93A mice. We report that HDACs did not undergo expression changes during disease evolution in isolated motor neurons of adult mice. Conversely, increase in specific Class II HDACs (-4, -5 and -6) occurs in skeletal muscle of mice with severe neuromuscular impairment. Importantly, treatment with MC1568 causes early improvement of motor performances that vanishes at later stages of disease. Notably, motor improvement is not paralleled by reduced motor neuron degeneration but by increased skeletal muscle electrical potentials, reduced activation of mir206/FGFBP1-dependent muscle reinnervation signaling, and increased muscle expression of myogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Buonvicino
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Roberta Felici
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ranieri
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caramelli
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lapucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Cavone
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Muzzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lorena Di Pietro
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Bernardini
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Chiarugi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
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16
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Smith CJ, Allard DE, Wang Y, Howard JF, Montgomery SA, Su MA. IL-10 Paradoxically Promotes Autoimmune Neuropathy through S1PR1-Dependent CD4 + T Cell Migration. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:1580-1592. [PMID: 29367208 PMCID: PMC5821539 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a debilitating condition caused by autoimmune demyelination of peripheral nerves. CIDP is associated with increased IL-10, a cytokine with well-described anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of IL-10 in CIDP is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that IL-10 paradoxically exacerbates autoimmunity against peripheral nerves. In IL-10-deficient mice, protection from neuropathy was associated with an accrual of highly activated CD4+ T cells in draining lymph nodes and absence of infiltrating immune cells in peripheral nerves. Accumulated CD4+ T cells in draining lymph nodes of IL-10-deficient mice expressed lower sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1pr1), a protein important in lymphocyte egress. Additionally, IL-10 stimulation in vitro induced S1pr1 expression in lymph node cells in a STAT3-dependent manner. Together, these results delineate a novel mechanism in which IL-10-induced STAT3 increases S1pr1 expression and CD4+ T cell migration to accelerate T cell-mediated destruction of peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin-Jamal Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Denise E Allard
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - James F Howard
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Maureen A Su
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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17
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Park S, Choi Y, Kwak G, Hong YB, Jung N, Kim J, Choi BO, Jung SC. Application of differentiated human tonsil-derived stem cells to trembler-J mice. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:478-486. [PMID: 28796340 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various cell types. METHODS In this study we investigated the potential of human tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) for neuromuscular regeneration in trembler-J (Tr-J) mice, a model for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A). RESULTS T-MSCs differentiated toward skeletal myocytes with increased expression of skeletal muscle-related markers (including troponin I type 1, and myogenin), and the formation of myotubes in vitro. In-situ transplantation of T-MSC-derived myocytes (T-MSC myocytes) into the gastrocnemius muscle in Tr-J mice enhanced motor function, with recovery of compound muscle action potential amplitudes. Morphology of the sciatic nerve and skeletal muscle recovered without the formation of teratomas, and the expression levels of nerve growth factor and glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor were increased significantly in T-MSC myocytes compared with T-MSCs in vitro. DISCUSSION Transplantation of T-MSC myocytes could enable neuromuscular regeneration in patients with CMT1A. Muscle Nerve 57: 478-486, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeyoung Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Kwak
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Hong
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
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18
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Dong C, Greathouse KM, Beacham RL, Palladino SP, Helton ES, Ubogu EE. Fibronectin connecting segment-1 peptide inhibits pathogenic leukocyte trafficking and inflammatory demyelination in experimental models of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Exp Neurol 2017; 292:35-45. [PMID: 28215575 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The molecular determinants of pathogenic leukocyte migration across the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) are unknown. Specific disease modifying therapies for CIDP are also lacking. Fibronectin connecting segment-1 (FNCS1), an alternatively spliced fibronectin variant expressed by microvascular endothelial cells at sites of inflammation in vitro and in situ, is a counterligand for leukocyte α4 integrin (also known as CD49d) implicated in pathogenic leukocyte trafficking in multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease. We sought to determine the role of FNCS1 in CIDP patient leukocyte trafficking across the BNB in vitro and in severe chronic demyelinating neuritis in vivo using a representative spontaneous murine CIDP model. Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from 7 untreated CIDP patients were independently infused into a cytokine-treated, flow-dependent in vitro BNB model system. Time-lapse digital video microscopy was performed to visualize and quantify leukocyte trafficking, comparing FNCS1 peptide blockade to relevant controls. Fifty 24-week old female B7-2 deficient non-obese diabetic mice with spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy (SAPP) were treated daily with 2mg/kg FNCS1 peptide for 5days via intraperitoneal injection with appropriate controls. Neurobehavioral measures of disease severity, motor nerve electrophysiology assessments and histopathological quantification of inflammation and morphometric assessment of demyelination were performed to determine in vivo efficacy. The biological relevance of FNCS1 and CD49d in CIDP was evaluated by immunohistochemical detection in affected patient sural nerve biopsies. 25μM FNCS1 peptide maximally inhibited CIDP leukocyte trafficking at the human BNB in vitro. FNCS1 peptide treatment resulted in significant improvements in disease severity, motor electrophysiological parameters of demyelination and histological measures of inflammatory demyelination. Microvessels demonstrating FNCS1 expression and CD49d+ leukocytes were seen within the endoneurium of patient nerve biopsies. Taken together, these results imply a role for FNCS1 in pathogenic leukocyte trafficking in CIDP, providing a potential target for therapeutic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoling Dong
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kelsey M Greathouse
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rebecca L Beacham
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Steven P Palladino
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - E Scott Helton
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Eroboghene E Ubogu
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Division of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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19
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Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiate into a Schwann Cell Phenotype and Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111867. [PMID: 27834852 PMCID: PMC5133867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs), which produce neurotropic factors and adhesive molecules, have been reported previously to contribute to structural support and guidance during axonal regeneration; therefore, they are potentially a crucial target in the restoration of injured nervous tissues. Autologous SC transplantation has been performed and has shown promising clinical results for treating nerve injuries and donor site morbidity, and insufficient production of the cells have been considered as a major issue. Here, we performed differentiation of tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSCs) into SC-like cells (T-MSC-SCs), to evaluate T-MSC-SCs as an alternative to SCs. Using SC markers such as CAD19, GFAP, MBP, NGFR, S100B, and KROX20 during quantitative real-time PCR we detected the upregulation of NGFR, S100B, and KROX20 and the downregulation of CAD19 and MBP at the fully differentiated stage. Furthermore, we found myelination of axons when differentiated SCs were cocultured with mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons. The application of T-MSC-SCs to a mouse model of sciatic nerve injury produced marked improvements in gait and promoted regeneration of damaged nerves. Thus, the transplantation of human T-MSCs might be suitable for assisting in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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The pathogenic relevance of α M-integrin in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 132:739-752. [PMID: 27460017 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The molecular determinants and mechanisms involved in leukocyte trafficking across the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) in the acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome are incompletely understood. Prior work using a flow-dependent in vitro human BNB model demonstrated a crucial role for αM-integrin (CD11b)-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 interactions in AIDP patient leukocyte trafficking. The aim of this study is to directly investigate the biological relevance of CD11b in AIDP pathogenesis. Immunohistochemistry was performed on three AIDP patient sural nerve biopsies to evaluate endoneurial leukocyte CD11b expression. A severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis (sm-EAN) model was utilized to determine the functional role of CD11b in leukocyte trafficking in vivo and determine its effect on neurobehavioral measures of disease severity, electrophysiological assessments of axonal integrity and myelination and histopathological measures of peripheral nerve inflammatory demyelination. Time-lapse video microscopy and electron microscopy were employed to observe structural alterations at the BNB during AIDP patient leukocyte trafficking in vitro and in situ, respectively. Large clusters of endoneurial CD11b+ leukocytes associated with demyelinating axons were observed in AIDP patient sural nerves. Leukocyte CD11b expression was upregulated during sm-EAN. 5 mg/kg of a function-neutralizing monoclonal rat anti-mouse CD11b antibody administered after sm-EAN disease onset significantly ameliorated disease severity, as well as electrophysiological and histopathological parameters of inflammatory demyelination compared to vehicle- and isotype antibody-treated mice. Consistent with in vitro observations of leukocyte trafficking at the BNB, electron micrographs of AIDP patient sural nerves demonstrated intact electron-dense endoneurial microvascular intercellular junctions during paracellular mononuclear leukocyte transmigration. Our data support a crucial pathogenic role of CD11b in AIDP leukocyte trafficking, providing a potential therapeutic target for demyelinating variants of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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Stoica L, Todeasa SH, Cabrera GT, Salameh JS, ElMallah MK, Mueller C, Brown RH, Miguel SE. Adeno-associated virus-delivered artificial microRNA extends survival and delays paralysis in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse model. Ann Neurol 2016; 79:687-700. [PMID: 26891182 PMCID: PMC5374859 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons, resulting in progressive muscle weakness, paralysis, and death within 5 years of diagnosis. About 10% of cases are inherited, of which 20% are due to mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene. Riluzole, the only US Food and Drug Administration-approved ALS drug, prolongs survival by only a few months. Experiments in transgenic ALS mouse models have shown decreasing levels of mutant SOD1 protein as a potential therapeutic approach. We sought to develop an efficient adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated RNAi gene therapy for ALS. METHODS A single-stranded AAV9 vector encoding an artificial microRNA against human SOD1 was injected into the cerebral lateral ventricles of neonatal SOD1(G93A) mice, and impact on disease progression and survival was assessed. RESULTS This therapy extended median survival by 50% and delayed hindlimb paralysis, with animals remaining ambulatory until the humane endpoint, which was due to rapid body weight loss. AAV9-treated SOD1(G93A) mice showed reduction of mutant human SOD1 mRNA levels in upper and lower motor neurons and significant improvements in multiple parameters including the numbers of spinal motor neurons, diameter of ventral root axons, and extent of neuroinflammation in the SOD1(G93A) spinal cord. Mice also showed previously unexplored changes in pulmonary function, with AAV9-treated SOD1(G93A) mice displaying a phenotype reminiscent of patient pathophysiology. INTERPRETATION These studies clearly demonstrate that an AAV9-delivered SOD1-specific artificial microRNA is an effective and translatable therapeutic approach for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei Stoica
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sophia H. Todeasa
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Gabriela Toro Cabrera
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Johnny S. Salameh
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Mai K. ElMallah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sena-Esteves Miguel
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Freeman SA, Desmazières A, Fricker D, Lubetzki C, Sol-Foulon N. Mechanisms of sodium channel clustering and its influence on axonal impulse conduction. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:723-35. [PMID: 26514731 PMCID: PMC4735253 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The efficient propagation of action potentials along nervous fibers is necessary for animals to interact with the environment with timeliness and precision. Myelination of axons is an essential step to ensure fast action potential propagation by saltatory conduction, a process that requires highly concentrated voltage-gated sodium channels at the nodes of Ranvier. Recent studies suggest that the clustering of sodium channels can influence axonal impulse conduction in both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers, which could have major implications in disease, particularly demyelinating pathology. This comprehensive review summarizes the mechanisms governing the clustering of sodium channels at the peripheral and central nervous system nodes and the specific roles of their clustering in influencing action potential conduction. We further highlight the classical biophysical parameters implicated in conduction timing, followed by a detailed discussion on how sodium channel clustering along unmyelinated axons can impact axonal impulse conduction in both physiological and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Freeman
- ICM-GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- CNRS UMR7225, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Anne Desmazières
- ICM-GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- CNRS UMR7225, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Desdemona Fricker
- ICM-GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- CNRS UMR7225, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Catherine Lubetzki
- ICM-GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- CNRS UMR7225, 75013, Paris, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | - Nathalie Sol-Foulon
- ICM-GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1127, 75013, Paris, France.
- CNRS UMR7225, 75013, Paris, France.
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23
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Yalvac ME, Arnold WD, Braganza C, Chen L, Mendell JR, Sahenk Z. AAV1.NT-3 gene therapy attenuates spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy. Gene Ther 2016; 23:95-102. [PMID: 26125608 PMCID: PMC4696906 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy (SAPP) model in B7-2 knockout non-obese diabetic mice shares clinical and histological features with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Secondary axonal loss is prominent in the progressive phase of this neuropathy. Neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) is an important autocrine factor supporting Schwann cell survival and differentiation and stimulates neurite outgrowth and myelination. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of NT-3 raised considerations of potential efficacy in the SAPP model that could be applicable to CIDP. For this study, scAAV1.tMCK.NT-3 was delivered to the gastrocnemius muscle of 25-week-old SAPP mice. Measurable NT-3 levels were found in the serum at 7-week postgene delivery. The outcome measures included functional, electrophysiological and histological assessments. At week 32, NT-3-treated mice showed increased hind limb grip strength that correlated with improved compound muscle action potential amplitude. Myelinated fiber density was 1.9 times higher in the NT-3-treated group compared with controls and the number of demyelinated axons was significantly lower. The remyelinated nerve fiber population was significantly increased. These improved histopathological parameters from scAAV1.tMCK.NT-3 treatment occurred in the setting of reduced sciatic nerve inflammation. Collectively, these findings suggest a translational application to CIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Yalvac
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W D Arnold
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Braganza
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - L Chen
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J R Mendell
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Z Sahenk
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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24
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Liu YB, Tewari A, Salameh J, Arystarkhova E, Hampton TG, Brashear A, Ozelius LJ, Khodakhah K, Sweadner KJ. A dystonia-like movement disorder with brain and spinal neuronal defects is caused by mutation of the mouse laminin β1 subunit, Lamb1. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26705335 PMCID: PMC4749547 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A new mutant mouse (lamb1t) exhibits intermittent dystonic hindlimb movements and postures when awake, and hyperextension when asleep. Experiments showed co-contraction of opposing muscle groups, and indicated that symptoms depended on the interaction of brain and spinal cord. SNP mapping and exome sequencing identified the dominant causative mutation in the Lamb1 gene. Laminins are extracellular matrix proteins, widely expressed but also known to be important in synapse structure and plasticity. In accordance, awake recording in the cerebellum detected abnormal output from a circuit of two Lamb1-expressing neurons, Purkinje cells and their deep cerebellar nucleus targets, during abnormal postures. We propose that dystonia-like symptoms result from lapses in descending inhibition, exposing excess activity in intrinsic spinal circuits that coordinate muscles. The mouse is a new model for testing how dysfunction in the CNS causes specific abnormal movements and postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Bessie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Ambika Tewari
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Johnny Salameh
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Elena Arystarkhova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Thomas G Hampton
- Neuroscience Discovery Core, Mouse Specifics Inc., Framingham, United States
| | - Allison Brashear
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, United States
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Kamran Khodakhah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Kathleen J Sweadner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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25
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Peters OM, Cabrera GT, Tran H, Gendron TF, McKeon JE, Metterville J, Weiss A, Wightman N, Salameh J, Kim J, Sun H, Boylan KB, Dickson D, Kennedy Z, Lin Z, Zhang YJ, Daughrity L, Jung C, Gao FB, Sapp PC, Horvitz HR, Bosco DA, Brown SP, de Jong P, Petrucelli L, Mueller C, Brown RH. Human C9ORF72 Hexanucleotide Expansion Reproduces RNA Foci and Dipeptide Repeat Proteins but Not Neurodegeneration in BAC Transgenic Mice. Neuron 2015; 88:902-909. [PMID: 26637797 PMCID: PMC4828340 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A non-coding hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene is the most common mutation associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To investigate the pathological role of C9ORF72 in these diseases, we generated a line of mice carrying a bacterial artificial chromosome containing exons 1 to 6 of the human C9ORF72 gene with approximately 500 repeats of the GGGGCC motif. The mice showed no overt behavioral phenotype but recapitulated distinctive histopathological features of C9ORF72 ALS/FTD, including sense and antisense intranuclear RNA foci and poly(glycine-proline) dipeptide repeat proteins. Finally, using an artificial microRNA that targets human C9ORF72 in cultures of primary cortical neurons from the C9BAC mice, we have attenuated expression of the C9BAC transgene and the poly(GP) dipeptides. The C9ORF72 BAC transgenic mice will be a valuable tool in the study of ALS/FTD pathobiology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Peters
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Gabriela Toro Cabrera
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Helene Tran
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Tania F Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jeanne E McKeon
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Jake Metterville
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Nicholas Wightman
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Johnny Salameh
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Juyhun Kim
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
| | - Huaming Sun
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Kevin B Boylan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Dennis Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Zack Kennedy
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Lillian Daughrity
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Chris Jung
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, California 94609
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Peter C Sapp
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
- Department of Biology, and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, H.R.H. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - H Robert Horvitz
- Department of Biology, and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, H.R.H. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Daryl A Bosco
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Solange P Brown
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205
| | - Pieter de Jong
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, California 94609
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Chris Mueller
- Department of Pediatrics and Gene Therapy Center University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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26
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Lee J, Jung SC, Joo J, Choi YR, Moon HW, Kwak G, Yeo HK, Lee JS, Ahn HJ, Jung N, Hwang S, Rheey J, Woo SY, Kim JY, Hong YB, Choi BO. Overexpression of mutant HSP27 causes axonal neuropathy in mice. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:43. [PMID: 26141737 PMCID: PMC4490621 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in heat shock 27 kDa protein 1 (HSP27 or HSPB1) cause distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 F (CMT2F) according to unknown factors. Mutant HSP27 proteins affect axonal transport by reducing acetylated tubulin. Results We generated a transgenic mouse model overexpressing HSP27-S135F mutant protein driven by Cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early promoter. The mouse phenotype was similar to dHMN patients in that they exhibit motor neuropathy. To determine the phenotypic aberration of transgenic mice, behavior test, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electrophysiological study, and pathology were performed. Rotarod test showed that founder mice exhibited lowered motor performance. MRI also revealed marked fatty infiltration in the anterior and posterior compartments at calf level. Electrophysiologically, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) but not motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was reduced in the transgenic mice. Toluidine staining with semi-thin section of sciatic nerve showed the ratio of large myelinated axon fiber was reduced, which might cause reduced locomotion in the transgenic mice. Electron microscopy also revealed abundant aberrant myelination. Immunohistochemically, neuronal dysfunctions included elevated level of phosphorylated neurofilament and reduced level of acetylated tubulin in the sural nerve of transgenic mice. There was no additional phenotype besides motor neuronal defects. Conclusions Overexpression of HSP27-S135F protein causes peripheral neuropathy. The mouse model can be applied to future development of therapeutic strategies for dHMN or CMT2F. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0154-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Lee
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaesoon Joo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Choi
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Won Moon
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Geon Kwak
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Ha Kyung Yeo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Ji-Su Lee
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Hye-Jee Ahn
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Namhee Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhee Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - Jingeun Rheey
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Youn Woo
- Microbiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yon Kim
- Microbiology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Bin Hong
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. .,Neuroscience center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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27
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Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a common and dose-limiting side effect of many chemotherapeutic drugs. These include platinum compounds, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and others such as thalidomide and suramin. Although many rodent models have been developed using either mice or rats, there is limited consistency in the dose or mode of delivery of the drug; the sex, age, and genetic background of the animal used in the study; and the outcome measures used in evaluation of the peripheral neuropathy. Behavioral assays are commonly used to evaluate evoked sensory responses but are unlikely to be a good representation of the spontaneous sensory paresthesias that the patients experience. Electrophysiologic tests evaluate the integrity of large myelinated populations and are useful in drugs that cause either demyelination or degeneration of large myelinated axons but are insensitive to degeneration of unmyelinated axons in early stages of neuropathy. Histopathologic tools offer an unbiased way to evaluate the degree of axonal degeneration or changes in neuronal cell body but are often time consuming and require processing of the tissue after the study is completed. Nevertheless, use of drug doses and mode of delivery that are relevant to the clinical protocols and use of outcome measures that are both sensitive and objective in evaluation of the length-dependent distal axonal degeneration seen in most chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies may improve the translational utility of these rodent models.
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28
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Li J, Geisbush TR, Arnold WD, Rosen GD, Zaworski PG, Rutkove SB. A comparison of three electrophysiological methods for the assessment of disease status in a mild spinal muscular atrophy mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111428. [PMID: 25347197 PMCID: PMC4210182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is a need for better, noninvasive quantitative biomarkers for assessing the rate of progression and possible response to therapy in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). In this study, we compared three electrophysiological measures: compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude, motor unit number estimate (MUNE), and electrical impedance myography (EIM) 50 kHz phase values in a mild mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy, the Smn1c/c mouse. Methods Smn1c/c mice (N = 11) and wild type (WT) animals (−/−, N = 13) were measured on average triweekly until approximately 1 year of age. Measurements included CMAP, EIM, and MUNE of the gastrocnemius muscle as well as weight and front paw grip strength. At the time of sacrifice at one year, additional analyses were performed on the animals including serum survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels and muscle fiber size. Results Both EIM 50 kHz phase and CMAP showed strong differences between WT and SMA animals (repeated measures 2-way ANOVA, P<0.0001 for both) whereas MUNE did not. Both body weight and EIM showed differences in the trajectory over time (p<0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). At the time of sacrifice at one year, EIM values correlated to motor neuron counts in the spinal cord and SMN levels across both groups of animals (r = 0.41, p = 0.047 and r = 0.57, p = 0.003, respectively), while CMAP did not. Motor neuron number in Smn1c/c mice was not significantly reduced compared to WT animals. Conclusions EIM appears sensitive to muscle status in this mild animal model of SMA. The lack of a reduction in MUNE or motor neuron number but reduced EIM and CMAP values support that much of the pathology in these animals is distal to the cell body, likely at the neuromuscular junction or the muscle itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tom R. Geisbush
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - William D. Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Glenn D. Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Seward B. Rutkove
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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VIP-expressing dendritic cells protect against spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1353-1363. [PMID: 24762627 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy (SAPP) model in B7-2 knockout nonobese diabetic mice mimics a progressive and unremitting course of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). In this study, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were transduced to express vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) using a lentiviral vector (LV-VIP). These transduced DCs (LV-VIP-DCs) were then injected intravenously (i.v.) into 16-week-old (before disease onset) and 21-week-old (after disease onset) SAPP mice in order to prevent or attenuate the disease. Outcome measures included behavioral tests, clinical and histological scoring, electrophysiology, real-time PCR, flow cytometry analyses, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. LV-VIP-DCs were recruited to the inflamed sciatic nerve and reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines. A single injection of LV-VIP-DC delayed the onset of disease, stabilized, and attenuated clinical signs correlating with ameliorated behavioral functions, reduced nerve demyelination, and improved nerve conduction. This proof-of-principle study is an important step potentially leading to a clinical translational study using DCs expressing VIP in cases of CIDP refractory to standard immunosuppressive therapy.
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Schulz A, Walther C, Morrison H, Bauer R. In vivo electrophysiological measurements on mouse sciatic nerves. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 24747166 DOI: 10.3791/51181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophysiological studies allow a rational classification of various neuromuscular diseases and are of help, together with neuropathological techniques, in the understanding of the underlying pathophysiology(1). Here we describe a method to perform electrophysiological studies on mouse sciatic nerves in vivo. The animals are anesthetized with isoflurane in order to ensure analgesia for the tested mice and undisturbed working environment during the measurements that take about 30 min/animal. A constant body temperature of 37 °C is maintained by a heating plate and continuously measured by a rectal thermo probe(2). Additionally, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is routinely recorded during the measurements in order to continuously monitor the physiological state of the investigated animals. Electrophysiological recordings are performed on the sciatic nerve, the largest nerve of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), supplying the mouse hind limb with both motoric and sensory fiber tracts. In our protocol, sciatic nerves remain in situ and therefore do not have to be extracted or exposed, allowing measurements without any adverse nerve irritations along with actual recordings. Using appropriate needle electrodes(3) we perform both proximal and distal nerve stimulations, registering the transmitted potentials with sensing electrodes at gastrocnemius muscles. After data processing, reliable and highly consistent values for the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and the compound motor action potential (CMAP), the key parameters for quantification of gross peripheral nerve functioning, can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology & Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC) Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena;
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Yuan F, Yosef N, Lakshmana Reddy C, Huang A, Chiang SC, Tithi HR, Ubogu EE. CCR2 gene deletion and pharmacologic blockade ameliorate a severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis model of Guillain-Barré syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90463. [PMID: 24632828 PMCID: PMC3954548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular determinants and signaling pathways responsible for hematogenous leukocyte trafficking during peripheral neuroinflammation are incompletely elucidated. Chemokine ligand/receptor pair CCL2/CCR2 has been pathogenically implicated in the acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). We evaluated the role of CCR2 in peripheral neuroinflammation utilizing a severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis (sm-EAN) model. Sm-EAN was induced in 8-12 week old female SJL CCR2 knockout (CCR2KO), heterozygote (CCR2HT) and wild type (CCR2WT) mice, and daily neuromuscular severity scores and weights recorded. In vitro and in vivo splenocyte proliferation and cytokine expression assays, and sciatic nerve Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and CCL2 expression assays were performed to evaluate systemic and local innate immune activation at disease onset. Motor nerve electrophysiology and sciatic nerve histology were also performed to characterize the inflammatory neuropathy at expected peak severity. To further determine the functional relevance of CCR2 in sm-EAN, 20 mg/kg CCR2 antagonist, RS 102895 was administered daily for 5 days to a cohort of CCR2WT mice following sm-EAN disease onset, with efficacy compared to 400 mg/kg human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). CCR2KO mice were relatively resistant to sm-EAN compared to CCR2WT and CCR2HT mice, associated with attenuated peripheral nerve demyelinating neuritis. Partial CCR2 gene deletion did not confer any protection against sm-EAN. CCR2KO mice demonstrated similar splenocyte activation or proliferation profiles, as well as TLR2, TLR4 and CCL2 expression to CCR2WT or CCR2HT mice, implying a direct role for CCR2 in sm-EAN pathogenesis. CCR2 signaling blockade resulted in rapid, near complete recovery from sm-EAN following disease onset. RS 102895 was significantly more efficacious than IVIg. CCR2 mediates pathogenic hematogenous monocyte trafficking into peripheral nerves, with consequential demyelination in sm-EAN. CCR2 is amenable to pharmacologic blockade, making it a plausible drug target for GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Yuan
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nejla Yosef
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chetan Lakshmana Reddy
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ailing Huang
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sharon C. Chiang
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hafiza Rahman Tithi
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eroboghene E. Ubogu
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Arnold WD, Porensky PN, McGovern VL, Iyer CC, Duque S, Li X, Meyer K, Schmelzer L, Kaspar BK, Kolb SJ, Kissel JT, Burghes AHM. Electrophysiological Biomarkers in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Preclinical Proof of Concept. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2013; 1:34-44. [PMID: 24511555 PMCID: PMC3914317 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Preclinical therapies that restore survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels can dramatically extend survival in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mouse models. Biomarkers are needed to effectively translate these promising therapies to clinical trials. Our objective was to investigate electrophysiological biomarkers of compound muscle action potential (CMAP), motor unit number estimation (MUNE) and electromyography (EMG) using an SMA mouse model. Methods Sciatic CMAP, MUNE, and EMG were obtained in SMNΔ7 mice at ages 3–13 days and at 21 days in mice with SMN selectively reduced in motor neurons (ChATCre). To investigate these measures as biomarkers of treatment response, measurements were obtained in SMNΔ7 mice treated with antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) or gene therapy. Results CMAP was significantly reduced in SMNΔ7 mice at days 6–13 (P < 0.01), and MUNE was reduced at days 7–13 (P < 0.01). Fibrillations were present on EMG in SMNΔ7 mice but not controls (P = 0.02). Similar findings were seen at 21 days in ChATCre mice. MUNE in ASO-treated SMNΔ7 mice were similar to controls at day 12 and 30. CMAP reduction persisted in ASO-treated SMNΔ7 mice at day 12 but was corrected at day 30. Similarly, CMAP and MUNE responses were corrected with gene therapy to restore SMN. Interpretation These studies confirm features of preserved neuromuscular function in the early postnatal period and subsequent motor unit loss in SMNΔ7 mice. SMN restoring therapies result in preserved MUNE and gradual repair of CMAP responses. This provides preclinical evidence for the utilization of CMAP and MUNE as biomarkers in future SMA clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W David Arnold
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12 Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 480 Medical Center Drive Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Paul N Porensky
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 West 10th Avenue Columbus Ohio 43210
| | - Vicki L McGovern
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 363 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Chitra C Iyer
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 363 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Sandra Duque
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 363 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Xiaobai Li
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Kathrin Meyer
- Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43205
| | - Leah Schmelzer
- Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43205
| | - Brian K Kaspar
- Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43205 ; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Stephen J Kolb
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12 Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ; Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 363 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - John T Kissel
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12 Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Arthur H M Burghes
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 363 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ; Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12 Ave, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Zeng XL, Nagavalli A, Smith CJ, Howard JF, Su MA. Divergent effects of T cell costimulation and inflammatory cytokine production on autoimmune peripheral neuropathy provoked by Aire deficiency. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:3895-904. [PMID: 23487421 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy results from autoimmune destruction of the peripheral nervous system and is a component of the multiorgan autoimmunity syndrome that results from Aire gene mutations in humans. In parallel, peripheral nervous system autoimmunity resembling chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy develops spontaneously in NOD mice with a partial loss of Aire function (NOD.Aire(GW/+) mice) and is a T cell-mediated disease. In this study, we analyze how key aspects of T cell activation and function modulate disease development in Aire-deficient mice. We show that genetic ablation of the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ completely prevents clinical and electrophysiological evidence of neuropathy in NOD.Aire(GW/+) mice. IFN-γ deficiency is associated with absence of immune infiltration and decreased expression of the T cell chemoattractant IP-10 in sciatic nerves. Thus, IFN-γ is absolutely required for the development of autoimmune peripheral neuropathy in NOD.Aire(GW/+) mice. Because IFN-γ secretion is enhanced by B7-CD28 costimulation of T cells, we sought to determine the effects of these costimulatory molecules on neuropathy development. Surprisingly, B7-2 deficiency accelerated neuropathy development in NOD.Aire(GW/+) mice, and Ab blockade of both B7-1 and B7-2 resulted in fulminant, early-onset neuropathy. Thus, in contrast to IFN-γ, B7-2 alone and B7-1/B7-2 in combination function to ameliorate neuropathy development in NOD.Aire(GW/+) mice. Together, these findings reveal distinct and opposing effects of the T cell costimulatory pathway and IFN-γ production on the pathogenesis of autoimmune peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei L Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Merlin isoform 2 in neurofibromatosis type 2-associated polyneuropathy. Nat Neurosci 2013; 16:426-33. [PMID: 23455610 DOI: 10.1038/nn.3348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The autosomal dominant disorder neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a hereditary tumor syndrome caused by inactivation of the NF2 tumor suppressor gene, encoding merlin. Apart from tumors affecting the peripheral and central nervous systems, most NF2 patients develop peripheral neuropathies. This peripheral nerve disease can occur in the absence of nerve-damaging tumors, suggesting an etiology that is independent of gross tumor burden. We discovered that merlin isoform 2 (merlin-iso2) has a specific function in maintaining axonal integrity and propose that reduced axonal NF2 gene dosage leads to NF2-associated polyneuropathy. We identified a merlin-iso2-dependent complex that promotes activation of the GTPase RhoA, enabling downstream Rho-associated kinase to promote neurofilament heavy chain phosphorylation. Merlin-iso2-deficient mice exhibited impaired locomotor capacities, delayed sensory reactions and electrophysiological signs of axonal neuropathy. Sciatic nerves from these mice and sural nerve biopsies from NF2 patients revealed reduced phosphorylation of the neurofilament H subunit, decreased interfilament spacings and irregularly shaped axons.
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Ubogu EE, Yosef N, Xia RH, Sheikh KA. Behavioral, electrophysiological, and histopathological characterization of a severe murine chronic demyelinating polyneuritis model. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2012; 17:53-61. [PMID: 22462666 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2012.00375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to define the behavioral, electrophysiological, and morphological characteristics of spontaneous autoimmune peripheral polyneuropathy (SAPP) in female B7-2 deficient non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. A cohort of 77 female B7-2 deficient and 31 wild-type control NOD mice were studied from 18 to 40 weeks of age. At pre-defined time points, the dorsal caudal tail and sciatic motor nerve conduction studies (MNCS) were performed. Sciatic nerves were harvested for morphological evaluation. SAPP mice showed slowly progressive severe weakness in hind and forelimbs without significant recovery after 30 weeks of age. MNCS showed progressive reduction in mean compound motor action potential amplitudes and conduction velocities, and increase in mean total waveform duration from 24 to 27 weeks of age, peaking between 32 and 35 weeks of age. Toluidine blue-stained, semi-thin plastic-embedded sections demonstrated focal demyelination associated with mononuclear cell infiltration early in the disease course, with progressively diffuse demyelination and axonal loss associated with more intense mononuclear infiltration at peak severity. Immunohistochemistry confirmed macrophage-predominant inflammation. This study verifies SAPP as a progressive, unremitting chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with axonal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eroboghene E Ubogu
- Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Leandri M, Ghignotti M, Emionite L, Leandri S, Cilli M. Electrophysiological features of the mouse tail nerves and their changes in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). J Neurosci Methods 2012; 209:403-9. [PMID: 22800858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrophysiology of tail nerves in rodents has been demonstrated a reliable method to investigate models of peripheral neuropathies. Nevertheless, data concerning mouse models are lacking. We assessed the normal features of sensory and motor conduction of tail nerves in adult mice. We found that, as in rats, a sensory compound action potential and motor responses could be recorded with the non invasive and highly reliable technique proposed, especially if bipolar derivations were used. We also investigated the changes related to chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) after paclitaxel treatment (times 1 and 2), compared to pre-treatment (time 0) and to controls. It was found that only the sensory compound action potential was involved in CIPN, with decrease in amplitude and conduction velocity, suggesting a significant reduction in number of fast conducting fibres and a correspondent increase in the number of slow conducting ones, although the total amount of active myelinated fibres was deemed to be unchanged through time 0, time 1 and time 2. The results obtained in CIPN provide new functional evidence about the involvement of sensory fibres and may help in better understanding the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Leandri
- Interuniversity Centre for Pain Neurophysiology, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 35, Genoa, Italy.
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Nodera H, Rutkove SB. Accommodation to hyperpolarizing currents: Differences between motor and sensory nerves in mice. Neurosci Lett 2012; 518:111-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Srivastava AK, Renusch SR, Naiman NE, Gu S, Sneh A, Arnold WD, Sahenk Z, Kolb SJ. Mutant HSPB1 overexpression in neurons is sufficient to cause age-related motor neuronopathy in mice. Neurobiol Dis 2012; 47:163-73. [PMID: 22521462 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The small heat shock protein HSPB1 is a multifunctional, α-crystallin-based protein that has been shown to be neuroprotective in animal models of motor neuron disease and peripheral nerve injury. Missense mutations in HSPB1 result in axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with minimal sensory involvement (CMT2F) and distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2 (dHMN-II). These disorders are characterized by a selective loss of motor axons in peripheral nerve resulting in distal muscle weakness and often severe disability. To investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of HSPB1 mutations in motor neurons in vivo, we have developed and characterized transgenic PrP-HSPB1 and PrP-HSPB1(R136W) mice. These mice express the human HSPB1 protein throughout the nervous system including in axons of peripheral nerve. Although both mouse strains lacked obvious motor deficits, the PrP-HSPB1(R136W) mice developed an age-dependent motor axonopathy. Mutant mice showed axonal pathology in spinal cord and peripheral nerve with evidence of impaired neurofilament cytoskeleton, associated with organelle accumulation. Accompanying these findings, increases in the number of Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, as evidence of impaired axon-Schwann cell interactions, were present. These observations suggest that overexpression of HSPB1(R136W) in neurons is sufficient to cause pathological and electrophysiological changes in mice that are seen in patients with hereditary motor neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Srivastava
- Center for RNA Biology and Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210-1228, USA
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Oh SS, Hayes JM, Sims-Robinson C, Sullivan KA, Feldman EL. The effects of anesthesia on measures of nerve conduction velocity in male C57Bl6/J mice. Neurosci Lett 2010; 483:127-31. [PMID: 20691755 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Animal models, particularly mice, are used extensively to investigate neurological diseases. Basic research regarding animal models of human neurological disease requires that the animals exhibit hall mark characteristics of the disease. These include disease specific anatomical, metabolic and behavioral changes. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) is the predominant method used to assess peripheral nerve health. Normative data adjusted for age, gender and height is available for human patients; however, these data are not available for most rodents including mice. NCV may be affected by animal age and size, body temperature, stimulus strength and anesthesia. While the effects of temperature, age and size are documented, the direct and indirect effects of anesthesia on NCV are not well reported. Our laboratory is primarily concerned with animal models of diabetic neuropathy (DN) and uses NCV to confirm the presence of neuropathy. To ensure that subtle changes in NCV are reliably assayed and not directly or indirectly affected by anesthesia, we compared the effects of 4 commonly used anesthetics, isoflurane, ketamine/xylazine, sodium pentobarbital and 2-2-2 tribromoethanol on NCV in a commonly used rodent model, the C57Bl6/J mouse. Our results indicate that of the anesthetics tested, isoflurane has minimal impact on NCV and is the safest, most effective method of anesthesia. Our data strongly suggest that isoflurane should become the anesthetic of choice when performing NCV on murine models of neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Su Oh
- University of Michigan, Department of Neurology, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
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Xia RH, Yosef N, Ubogu EE. Selective expression and cellular localization of pro-inflammatory chemokine ligand/receptor pairs in the sciatic nerves of a severe murine experimental autoimmune neuritis model of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2010; 36:388-98. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2010.01092.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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