1
|
Rajabally YA, Min YG, Nazeer KK, Englezou C. Treatment response amplitude and timing in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with routine care: Study of a UK cohort. Eur J Neurol 2024:e16399. [PMID: 38980202 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The amplitude, timing, and determinants of improvement with available treatments are uncertain in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Our primary objective was to quantify categorized outcomes with routine care. METHODS We retrospectively studied treatment response within 36 months from initiation in 112 consecutive subjects with CIDP. Response was classified into a proposed new "CIDP treatment-response category" (CT-RC), based on achieved endpoints. Determinants of the CT-RC, of timing of maximum improvement, and of treatment discontinuation were ascertained. RESULTS The CT-RC demonstrated high concurrent validity with current outcome measures. Thirty-six subjects (32.1%) achieved a "complete response," 37 (33%) a "good partial response," 10 (8.9%) a "moderate partial response," and 15 (13.4%) a "poor partial response." Fourteen subjects (12.5%) were "nonresponsive." The CT-RC was independently predicted only by age. Mean time to maximum improvement was 12.1 months (range = 1-36) and was not associated with any pretreatment covariate. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 24 of 62 (38.2%) partial responders and was only associated with shorter pretreatment disease duration. Nonresponders were older and received a similar number of treatments compared to responders. CONCLUSIONS CT-RC classification indicates persistent disability in >60% of treatment responders in CIDP. Timing of maximum improvement is variable, frequently delayed, and unpredictable. Treatment withdrawal without deterioration is achievable in approximately 40% of subjects and may be more likely with prompt treatment. Treatment withdrawal in partial responders and limited escalation in nonresponders suggest implication of physician- and patient-related factors in suboptimal response. More effective treatments/treatment methods and better understanding of other factors influencing response are needed in CIDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Rajabally
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Neurology, Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Young Gi Min
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kabir K Nazeer
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Neurology, Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rajabally YA. Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy: Current Therapeutic Approaches and Future Outlooks. Immunotargets Ther 2024; 13:99-110. [PMID: 38435981 PMCID: PMC10906673 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s388151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a treatable autoimmune disorder, for which different treatment options are available. Current first-line evidence-based therapies for CIDP include intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulins, corticosteroids and plasma exchanges. Despite lack of evidence, cyclophosphamide, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil are commonly used in circumstances of refractoriness and, more debatably, of perceived overdependence on first-line therapies. Rituximab is currently the object of a randomized controlled trial for CIDP. Based on case series, and although rarely considered, haematopoietic autologous stem cell transplants may be effective in refractory disease, with low mortality and high remission rates. A new therapeutic option has appeared with efgartigimod, a neonatal Fc receptor blocker, recently shown to significantly lower relapse rate versus placebo, after withdrawal from previous immunotherapy. Other neonatal Fc receptor blockers, nipocalimab and batoclimab, are under study. The C1 complement-inhibitor SAR445088, acting in the proximal portion of the classical complement system, is currently the subject of a new study in treatment-responsive, refractory and treatment-naïve subjects. Finally, Bruton Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors, which exert anti-B cell effects, may represent another future research avenue. The widening of the therapeutic armamentarium enhances the need for improved evaluation of treatment effects and reliable biomarkers in CIDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Englezou C, Nazeer KK, Rajabally YA. Impact of social-functioning and sleep on quality of life in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 234:108017. [PMID: 37866209 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS The impact of impairment of social functioning and sleep on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), is unknown in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). The value of the Chronic Acquired Polyneuropathy Patient-Reported Index (CAP-PRI) to identify potential social functioning and sleep issues is equally unknown. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional evaluation of social functioning and sleep using the "Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease" (SCOPA) in 40 subjects with clinically-stable CIDP through a structured questionnaire. We assessed HR-QoL through the CAP-PRI. Disability was evaluated through the Overall Neuropathy Limitation Score (ONLS). RESULTS SCOPA social functioning scores were impaired at least "a little" per averaged item in > 50 % of subjects, and at least "quite a bit" per averaged item in > 20 %. Most affected items were (i) difficulty with work/household/other chores (ii) difficulties with hobbies/sport/leisure activities. SCOPA sleep sub-scores indicated at least "a little concern" for night-time sleep in nearly 50 % of subjects. Abnormal sleep timing was rare. Associations were found between both SCOPA social-functioning and SCOPA sleep scores and the CAP-PRI. Linear regression demonstrated the SCOPA social-functioning score was independently associated with the CAP-PRI. The CAP-PRI showed high association with disability scores, good internal consistency, absence of ceiling effect, absence of significant floor-effect, and good criteria-related as well as construct-related validity. DISCUSSION Social functioning and night-time sleep are frequently affected in CIDP and impact on HR-QoL. In contrast to traditional disability scales, the CAP-PRI additionally allows adequately capturing these impairments and may represent an adequate holistic outcome measure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Englezou
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kabir K Nazeer
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cintas P, Bouhour F, Cauquil C, Masingue M, Tard C, Sacconi S, Delmont E, Choumert A, Chanson JB, Michaud M, Solé G, Cassereau J, Noury JB, Nicolas G, Bellance R, Péréon Y, Camdessanché JP, Magy L, Attarian S. Current clinical management of CIDP with immunoglobulins in France: An expert opinion. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:914-922. [PMID: 37019741 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment strategies in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) must be adapted on a case-to-case basis. Validated and reproducible tools for monitoring treatment response are required at diagnosis, when initiating treatment and throughout follow-up. A task force of French neurologists, experts in neuromuscular disease reference centers, was assembled to provide expert advice on the management of typical CIDP with intravenous immunoglobulins (Ig), and to harmonize treatment practices in public and private hospitals. The task force also referred to the practical experience of treating CIDP with Ig at the diagnostic, induction and follow-up stages, including the assessment and management of Ig dependence, and following the recommendations of the French health agency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Cintas
- Service de neurologie, CHU de Toulouse Purpan, centre de référence de pathologies neuromusculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - F Bouhour
- Service d'ENMG et de pathologies neuromusculaires, hospices civils de Lyon, hôpital neurologique, Lyon, France
| | - C Cauquil
- Service de neurologie, AP-HP Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - M Masingue
- Service de neuromyologie, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - C Tard
- Unité d'expertise cognitivo-motrice, U1172, service de neurologie, CHU de Lille, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, Lille, France
| | - S Sacconi
- Système nerveux périphérique et muscle, CHU de Nice, université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - E Delmont
- Service de neurologie, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires et SLA, hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - A Choumert
- Service des maladies neurologiques rares, CHU de la Réunion, groupe hospitalier Sud Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - J-B Chanson
- Service de neurologie, CHRU Strasbourg, centre de référence neuromusculaire Nord/Est/Île-de-France, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Michaud
- Service de neurologie, CHU de Nancy, hôpital Central, Nancy, France
| | - G Solé
- Service de neurologie et maladies neuromusculaires, CHU de Bordeaux, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires AOC, hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Cassereau
- CHU d'Angers, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires AOC, Angers, France
| | - J-B Noury
- Inserm, LBAI, UMR1227, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires AOC, CHRU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - G Nicolas
- Service de neurologie, centre de référence neuromusculaire Nord-Est/Île-de-France , Université UVSQ Paris-Saclay, hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - R Bellance
- CeRCa, site constitutif de centre de référence caribéen des maladies neuromusculaires rares, CHU de Martinique, hôpital P. Zobda-Quitman, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Y Péréon
- Explorations fonctionnelles, Filnemus, Euro-NMD, Nantes université, CHU de Nantes, centre de référence AOC, Nantes, France
| | - J-P Camdessanché
- Service de neurologie, CHU de Saint-Étienne, hôpital Nord, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - L Magy
- Service et laboratoire de neurologie, centre de référence neuropathies périphériques rares, NNerf, UR 20218 NeurIT, CHU de Limoges, hôpital Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - S Attarian
- Service de neurologie, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires et SLA, hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu B, Hu J, Sun C, Qiao K, Xi J, Zheng Y, Sun J, Luo S, Zhao Y, Lu J, Lin J, Zhao C. Effectiveness and safety of rituximab in autoimmune nodopathy: a single-center cohort study. J Neurol 2023; 270:4288-4295. [PMID: 37195346 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune nodopathy is a peripheral neuropathy characterized by acquired motor and sensory deficit with autoantibodies against the node of Ranvier or paranodal region in the peripheral nervous system. The clinical and pathological characteristics of the disease are distinct from that of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), and the standard treatment for CIDP is partially effective. Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody which binds and depletes B cells in peripheral blood. This prospective observational study included 19 patients with autoimmune nodopathy. Participants received intravenous rituximab treatment 100 mg the first day and 500 mg the next day and given every 6 months. The Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) disability score, Inflammatory Rasch-Built Overall Disability Scale (I-RODS), Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score, and Neuropathy Impairment Score (NIS) were collected at entry and before the rituximab infusion every 6 months. At the last visit, 94.7% (18/19) of the patients showed clinical improvement on either the INCAT, I-RODS, MRC, or NIS scale. After the first infusion, 9 patients (47.7%) showed improvement on the INCAT score, and 11 patients (57.9%) on cI-RODS. In patients who received more than one rituximab infusion, the improvement of INCAT score and cI-RODS at the last assessment was higher than that after the first infusion. We also observed tapered or withdrawn concomitant oral medications in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyou Liu
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianian Hu
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Sun
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Qiao
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Xi
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsheng Zheng
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Sushan Luo
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyin Zhao
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahong Lu
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neuology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rajabally YA. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: Reconciling guideline updating with increasing disease complexity. J Neurol Sci 2022; 443:120500. [PMID: 36423488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rajabally YA, Afzal S, Loo LK, Goedee HS. Application of the 2021 EAN/PNS criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022; 93:1247-1252. [PMID: 36190956 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnostic value of new criteria of the European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society (EAN/PNS) for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is unknown. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of fulfilment of EAN/PNS 2021 criteria on 120 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of 'suspected CIDP' and objective treatment response, attending University Hospitals Birmingham, UK. Specificity was evaluated versus 100 consecutive controls. RESULTS The sensitivity of EAN/PNS criteria for 'CIDP' was 83.3%. The sensitivity for 'CIDP' or 'possible CIDP' was 93.3%. Specificity was of 94% for 'CIDP' and 79% for 'CIDP' or 'possible CIDP'. No sensitivity/specificity differences were ascertained with previous versions ('CIDP': sensitivity: 83.3% vs 81.3%, p=0.74, specificity: 94% vs 96.1%, p=0.38, respectively; 'CIDP' or 'possible CIDP': sensitivity: 93.3% vs 96.7%, p=0.25 and specificity: 79% vs 69.2 %, p=0.09, respectively). F-wave prolongation, proximal and distal temporal dispersion were the most likely parameters to contribute to false positives, whereas distal motor latency was the least likely. No impact of sensory electrophysiology could be ascertained. 'Typical CIDP' represented 79% of the CIDP cohort. The largest component of the 'variant CIDP' group was represented by focal/multifocal forms (14%). With new criteria, 6.7% of the cohort did not meet requirements, among whom the majority (75%) had paranodopathy or chronic immune sensory polyradiculopathy (CISP). DISCUSSION The sensitivity and specificity of new EAN/PNS criteria for CIDP is equivalent to that of previous versions. The exclusion of paranodopathies and CISP from the CIDP spectrum impacts on management of a non-negligible proportion of treatment-responsive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK .,Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Saadia Afzal
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lay Khoon Loo
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - H S Goedee
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thirouin J, Petiot P, Antoine JC, André-Obadia N, Convers P, Gavoille A, Bouhour F, Rheims S, Camdessanché JP. Usefulness and prognostic value of diagnostic tests in patients with possible chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2022; 66:304-311. [PMID: 35661382 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Recent guidelines define chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and possible CIDP. The aims of our study were to evaluate the value of diagnostic tests to support the diagnosis of CIDP in patients with possible CIDP and to identify prognostic factors of therapeutic success. METHODS We conducted an observational retrospective two-center study between 2014 and 2019. We selected patients with a clinical presentation suggesting CIDP, but whose electrodiagnostic (EDX) test results did not meet the EFNS/PNS 2021 criteria. We analyzed epidemiologic and clinical features, axonal loss on EDX, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), plexus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nerve biopsy, and therapeutic response. RESULTS We selected 75 patients, among whom 30 (40%) responded to treatment. The positivity rates of CSF analysis, MRI and SSEPs were not influenced by the clinical presentation or by the delay between symptom onset and medical assessment. A high protein level in CSF, female gender, and a relapsing-remitting course predicted the therapeutic response. DISCUSSION It is important to properly diagnose suspected CIDP not meeting EFNS/PNS 2021 EDX criteria by using supportive criteria. Specific epidemiological factors and a raised CSF protein level predict a response to treatment. Further prospective studies are needed to improve diagnosis and the prognostic value of diagnostic tests in CIDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Thirouin
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Valence, Valence, France
| | - Philippe Petiot
- Electroneuromyography and Neuromuscular Diseases Department, Centre Médicina, Lyon, France
| | | | - Nathalie André-Obadia
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Convers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Antoine Gavoille
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Françoise Bouhour
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Valence, Valence, France
| | - Sylvain Rheims
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
van Veen R, Wieske L, Lucke I, Adrichem ME, Merkies ISJ, van Schaik IN, Eftimov F. Assessing deterioration using impairment and functional outcome measures in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a post-hoc analysis of the IOC trial. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2022; 27:144-158. [PMID: 35507446 PMCID: PMC9321849 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is unclear whether frequently used cut-off values for outcome measures defining minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) can accurately identify meaningful deterioration in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). METHODS We used data from the IOC trial, in which sixty clinically stable CIDP patients were randomized to IVIg withdrawal or continuation. We calculated change scores of the Inflammatory Rasch-Built Overall Disability Scale (I-RODS), grip strength, and MRC sum score (MRC-SS) and classified visits based on a treatment anchor (i.e. decision to restart/increase treatment after reaching a predefined early endpoint of deterioration). The variability of scores in patients without deterioration was calculated using the limits of agreement. We defined optimized MCIDs for deterioration and specific combinations of MCIDs from different outcome measures, and subsequently calculated the accuracies of the (combined) MCIDs. RESULTS Substantial variability was found in scores of the I-RODS, grip strength and MRC-SS in patients without deterioration over time, and most MCIDs were within the limits of the variability observed in patients without deterioration. Some MCID cut-offs were insensitive but highly specific for detecting deterioration, e.g. the MCID-SE of -1.96 of the I-RODS and -2 point on the MRC-SS. Others were sensitive, but less specific, e.g. -4 centiles of the I-RODS. Some combined MCIDs resulted in high specificities and moderate sensitivities. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that clinically important deterioration cannot be distinguished from variability over time with currently used MCIDs on the individual level. Combinations of MCIDs might improve the accuracy of determining deterioration, but this needs validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin van Veen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk Wieske
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Lucke
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max E Adrichem
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingemar S J Merkies
- Maastricht Academic Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Curaçao Medical Centre, Willemstad, Curacao
| | - Ivo N van Schaik
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Filip Eftimov
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rajabally YA. Contemporary challenges in the diagnosis and management of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Expert Rev Neurother 2022; 22:89-99. [PMID: 35098847 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2022.2036125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite extensive research, multiple inter-related diagnostic and management challenges remain for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). AREAS COVERED A literature review was performed on diagnosis and treatment in CIDP. The clinical features and disease course were evaluated. Investigative techniques, including electrophysiology, cerebrospinal fluid examination, neuropathology, imaging and neuroimmunology, were considered in relation to technical aspects, sensitivity, specificity, availability and cost. Available evidenced-based treatments and those with possible efficacy despite lack of evidence, were considered, as well as current methods for evaluation of treatment effects. EXPERT OPINION CIDP remains a clinical diagnosis, supported first and foremost by electrophysiology. Other investigative techniques have limited impact. Most patients with CIDP respond to available first-line treatments and immunosuppression may be efficacious in those who do not. Consideration of the natural history and of the high reported remission rate, of under-recognised associated disabling features, of treatment administration modalities and assessment methods, require enhanced attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Goedee HS, Rajabally YA. Evidence base for investigative and therapeutic modalities in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and multifocal motor neuropathy. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2022; 12:35-47. [PMID: 35007438 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, its variants and multifocal motor neuropathy belong to a spectrum of peripheral nerve disorders with complex dysimmune disease mechanisms. Awareness of the unique clinical phenotypes but also heterogeneity between patients is vital to arrive at early suspicion and ordering appropriate tests. This includes requirements for optimal electrodiagnostic protocol, aimed to capture sufficient electrophysiologic evidence for relevant abnormalities, a case-based approach on the eventual need to further expand the diagnostic armamentarium and correct reading of their results. Considerable phenotypical variation, diverse combinations of abnormalities found on diagnostic tests and heterogeneity in disease course and treatment response, all contribute to widespread differences in success rates on timely diagnosis and optimal treatment. We aim to provide a practical overview and guidance on relevant diagnostic and management strategies, including pitfalls and present a summary of the relevant novel developments in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Stephan Goedee
- Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Keh RYS, Selby DA, Jones S, Gosal D, Lavin T, Lilleker JB, Carr AS, Lunn MP. Predicting long-term trends in inflammatory neuropathy outcome measures using latent class modelling. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021; 27:84-93. [PMID: 34936164 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin (Ig) is used to treat chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMNCB). Regular infusions may be used for symptom control. Disease activity is monitored with clinical outcome measurements. We examined outcome measure variation during clinically stable periods in Ig-treated CIDP and MMNCB patients. We explored utility of serial outcome measurement in long-term outcome prediction. METHODS Retrospective longitudinal analysis of a single neuroscience centre's Ig-treated CIDP and MMNCB patients, 2009-2020, was performed. Mean and percentage change for grip strength, Rasch-built overall disability scales (RODS) and MRC sum scores (MRC-SS) during periods of clinical stability were compared to score-specific minimal clinically important differences (MCID). Latent class mixed modelling (LCMM) was used to identify longitudinal trends and factors influencing long-term outcome. RESULTS We identified 85 CIDP and 23 MMNCB patients (1,423 datapoints; 5635 treatment-months). Group-averaged outcome measures varied little over time. Intra-individual variation exceeded MCID for RODS in 44.2% CIDP and 16.7% MMNCB datapoints, grip strength in 10.6% (CIDP) and 8.8%/27.2% (MMNCB right/left hand) and MRC-SS in 43.5% (CIDP) and 20% (MMNCB). Multivariate LCMM identified subclinical trends toward improvement (32 patients) and deterioration (73 patients) in both cohorts. At baseline, CIDP 'deteriorators' were older than 'improvers' (66.2 versus 57 years, p=0.025). No other individual factors predicted categorisation. The best model for 'deteriorator' identification was contiguous sub-MCID decline in more than one outcome measure (CIDP: sensitivity 74%, specificity 59%; MMNCB: sensitivity 73%, specificity 88%). DISCUSSION Outcome measure interpretation determines therapeutic decision-making in Ig-dependent neuropathy patients, but intra-individual variation is common, often exceeding MCID. Here we show sub-MCID contiguous changes in more than one outcome measurement are a better predictor of long-term outcome. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Yann Shern Keh
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Antony Selby
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sam Jones
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - David Gosal
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Timothy Lavin
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - James B Lilleker
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Aisling S Carr
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael P Lunn
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rajabally YA, Peric S, Bozovic I, Loo LK, Kalac A, Palibrk A, Basta I. Antecedent infections and vaccinations in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: A European collaborative study. Muscle Nerve 2021; 64:657-661. [PMID: 34263956 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) may be rarely preceded by infection. A causative link remains unproven, in contrast to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which is commonly postinfectious with well-demonstrated pathophysiological mechanisms of molecular mimicry following Campylobacter jejuni enteritis. Uncommonly, infections are reported before the onset of CIDP. In this study we aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of CIDP occurring after antecedent infections or vaccinations in two large European cohorts. METHODS We reviewed the records of 268 subjects with "definite" or "probable" CIDP from the Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, Birmingham, UK (129 subjects), and from the Serbian national CIDP database (139 subjects). RESULTS Twenty-five of 268 (9.3%) subjects had a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection in the 6 weeks preceding CIDP onset, and 3 of 268 (1.1%) had received an influenza vaccination. CIDP disease onset occurred at a younger age (mean [standard deviation], 44.25 [17.36] years vs 54.05 [15.19] years; P < .005) and acute-onset CIDP was more common (42.9% vs 12.1%; odds ratio, 5.46; 95% confidence interval, 2.35-12.68; P < .001) in subjects with preceding infections or vaccinations. No differences in CIDP subtype, rates of cerebrospinal fluid protein level elevation, disability, or likelihood of treatment response, were observed. DISCUSSION Antecedent infections or vaccinations may precede about 10% of cases of CIDP and are more common in younger subjects. Acute-onset CIDP is more frequent after antecedent events. These findings may suggest specific pathophysiological mechanisms in such cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Rajabally
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stojan Peric
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivo Bozovic
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lay K Loo
- Inflammatory Neuropathy Clinic, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aida Kalac
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Aleksa Palibrk
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Basta
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Allen JA. Measuring treatment response to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in clinical practice: More than just asking. Muscle Nerve 2021; 64:1-3. [PMID: 34008182 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Allen
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|