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Mazza M, Margoni S, Mandracchia G, Donofrio G, Fischetti A, Kotzalidis GD, Marano G, Simonetti A, Janiri D, Moccia L, Marcelli I, Sfratta G, De Berardis D, Ferrara O, Bernardi E, Restaino A, Lisci FM, D'Onofrio AM, Brisi C, Grisoni F, Calderoni C, Ciliberto M, Brugnami A, Rossi S, Spera MC, De Masi V, Marzo EM, Abate F, Boggio G, Anesini MB, Falsini C, Quintano A, Torresi A, Milintenda M, Bartolucci G, Biscosi M, Ruggiero S, Lo Giudice L, Mastroeni G, Benini E, Di Benedetto L, Caso R, Pesaresi F, Traccis F, Onori L, Chisari L, Monacelli L, Acanfora M, Gaetani E, Marturano M, Barbonetti S, Specogna E, Bardi F, De Chiara E, Stella G, Zanzarri A, Tavoletta F, Crupi A, Battisti G, Monti L, Camardese G, Chieffo D, Gasbarrini A, Scambia G, Sani G. This pain drives me crazy: Psychiatric symptoms in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:954-984. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is an at least 6-mo noninfectious bladder inflammation of unknown origin characterized by chronic suprapubic, abdominal, and/or pelvic pain. Although the term cystitis suggests an inflammatory or infectious origin, no definite cause has been identified. It occurs in both sexes, but women are twice as much affected.
AIM To systematically review evidence of psychiatric/psychological changes in persons with IC/BPS.
METHODS Hypothesizing that particular psychological characteristics could underpin IC/BPS, we investigated in three databases the presence of psychiatric symptoms and/or disorders and/or psychological characteristics in patients with IC/BPS using the following strategy: ("interstitial cystitis" OR "bladder pain syndrome") AND ("mood disorder" OR depressive OR antidepressant OR depression OR depressed OR hyperthymic OR mania OR manic OR rapid cyclasterisk OR dysthymiasterisk OR dysphoriasterisk).
RESULTS On September 27, 2023, the PubMed search produced 223 articles, CINAHL 62, and the combined PsycLIT/ PsycARTICLES/PsycINFO/Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection search 36. Search on ClinicalTrials.gov produced 14 studies, of which none had available data. Eligible were peer-reviewed articles reporting psychiatric/psychological symptoms in patients with IC/BPS, i.e. 63 articles spanning from 2000 to October 2023. These studies identified depression and anxiety problems in the IC/BPS population, along with sleep problems and the tendency to catastrophizing.
CONCLUSION Psychotherapies targeting catastrophizing and life stress emotional awareness and expression reduced perceived pain in women with IC/BPS. Such concepts should be considered when implementing treatments aimed at reducing IC/BPS-related pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mazza
- Department of Neurosciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Stella Margoni
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mandracchia
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Donofrio
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Alessia Fischetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Neurosciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moccia
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marcelli
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Greta Sfratta
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | | | - Ottavia Ferrara
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Evelina Bernardi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Antonio Restaino
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | | | | | - Caterina Brisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Flavia Grisoni
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Claudia Calderoni
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Michele Ciliberto
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Andrea Brugnami
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Rossi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Spera
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Valeria De Masi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Ester Maria Marzo
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesca Abate
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Gianluca Boggio
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Falsini
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Anna Quintano
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Alberto Torresi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Miriam Milintenda
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bartolucci
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Marco Biscosi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Ruggiero
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Luca Lo Giudice
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giulia Mastroeni
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benini
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Luca Di Benedetto
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Romina Caso
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesco Pesaresi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesco Traccis
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Luca Onori
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Luca Chisari
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Leonardo Monacelli
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Acanfora
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gaetani
- Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Monia Marturano
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Barbonetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Elettra Specogna
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesca Bardi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Emanuela De Chiara
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Stella
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Andrea Zanzarri
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Flavio Tavoletta
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Arianna Crupi
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giulia Battisti
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Laura Monti
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camardese
- Department of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Daniela Chieffo
- UOS Psicologia Clinica, Governo Clinico, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- CEMAD Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Catholic University, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- UOC Psichiatria Clinica e d’Urgenza, Dipartimento di Scienze Dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e Della Testa-collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
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Stephens-Shields AJ, Lai HH, Landis JR, Kreder K, Rodriguez LV, Naliboff BD, Afari N, Sutcliffe S, Moldwin R, Griffith JW, Clemens JQ, Bradley CS, Quallich S, Gupta P, Harte SE, Farrar JT. Clinically Important Differences for Pain and Urinary Symptoms in Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A MAPP Network Study. J Urol 2023; 209:1132-1140. [PMID: 36848118 PMCID: PMC11062515 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Symptom heterogeneity in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, collectively termed urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome, has resulted in difficulty in defining appropriate clinical trial endpoints. We determine clinically important differences for 2 primary symptom measures, pelvic pain severity and urinary symptom severity, and evaluate subgroup differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain Symptom Patterns Study enrolled individuals with urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome. We defined clinically important differences by associating changes in pelvic pain severity and urinary symptom severity over 3 to 6 months with marked improvement on a global response assessment using regression and receiver operating characteristic curves. We evaluated clinically important differences for absolute and percent change and examined differences in clinically important differences by sex-diagnosis, presence of Hunner lesions, pain type, pain widespreadness, and baseline symptom severity. RESULTS An absolute change of -4 was clinically important in pelvic pain severity among all patients, but clinically important difference estimates differed by pain type, presence of Hunner lesions, and baseline severity. Pelvic pain severity clinically important difference estimates for percent change were more consistent across subgroups and ranged from 30% to 57%. The absolute change urinary symptom severity clinically important difference was -3 for female participants and -2 for male participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome only. Patients with greater baseline severity required larger decreases in symptoms to feel improved. Estimated clinically important differences had lower accuracy among participants with low baseline symptoms. CONCLUSIONS A reduction of 30%-50% in pelvic pain severity is a clinically meaningful endpoint for future therapeutic trials in urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urinary symptom severity clinically important differences are more appropriately defined separately for male and female participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert Moldwin
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Lake Success, NY
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Schrepf A, Kaplan C, Harris RE, Williams DA, Clauw DJ, As-Sanie S, Till S, Clemens JQ, Rodriguez LV, Van Bokhoven A, Landis R, Gallop R, Bradley C, Naliboff B, Pontari M, O’Donnell M, Luo Y, Kreder K, Lutgendorf SK, Harte SE. Stimulated whole-blood cytokine/chemokine responses are associated with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome phenotypes and features of nociplastic pain: a multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network study. Pain 2023; 164:1148-1157. [PMID: 36279178 PMCID: PMC10106356 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a common and debilitating disease with poor treatment outcomes. Studies from the multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network established that IC/BPS patients with chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) experience poorer quality of life and more severe symptoms, yet the neurobiological correlates of this subtype are largely unknown. We previously showed that ex vivo toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) cytokine/chemokine release is associated with the presence of COPCs, as well as widespread pain and experimental pain sensitivity women with IC/BPS. Here, we attempt to confirm these findings in the multisite multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain Symptom Patterns Study using TLR4-stimulated whole blood (female IC/BPS patients with COPC n = 99; without n = 36). Samples were collected in tubes preloaded with TLR4 agonist, incubated for 24 hours, and resulting supernatant assayed for 7 cytokines/chemokines. These were subject to a principal components analysis and the resulting components used as dependent variables in general linear models. Controlling for patient age, body mass index, and site of collection, we found that greater ex vivo TLR4-stimulated cytokine/chemokine release was associated with the presence of COPCs ( P < 0.01), extent of widespread pain ( P < 0.05), but not experimental pain sensitivity ( P > 0.05). However, a second component of anti-inflammatory, regulatory, and chemotactic activity was associated with reduced pain sensitivity ( P < 0.01). These results confirm that the IC/BPS + COPCs subtype show higher levels of ex vivo TLR4 cytokine/chemokine release and support a link between immune priming and nociplastic pain in IC/BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Schrepf
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chelsea Kaplan
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard E. Harris
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David A. Williams
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel J. Clauw
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sawsan As-Sanie
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sara Till
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Larissa V. Rodriguez
- Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Adrie Van Bokhoven
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard Landis
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Gallop
- Department of Mathematics, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Bradley
- Departments of Urology and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Bruce Naliboff
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Mike Pontari
- Department of Urology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Yi Luo
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karl Kreder
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Susan K Lutgendorf
- Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Steven E. Harte
- Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wolff DT, Ross C, Lee P, Badlani G, Matthews CA, Evans RJ, Walker SJ. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy for Pain Management in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Proof-of-Concept Case Series. Urology 2022; 167:96-101. [PMID: 35636637 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy for symptom and pain management in women with non-bladder centric interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). METHODS Women with non-bladder centric IC/BPS and a numeric rating scale score for pelvic pain ≥6 underwent twice-daily 8-minute full body PEMF therapy sessions for 4 weeks. The primary outcome metric was a reduction in pelvic pain score ≥2 points. A 7-day voiding diary (collected at baseline and conclusion), 3 validated symptom scores, and the Short Form-36 Quality of Life questionnaire (completed at baseline, conclusion of treatment, and 8-week follow-up), were used to assess secondary outcomes. Treatment effects were analyzed via Wilcoxon-signed rank test; P < .05 was considered significant. RESULTS The 4-week treatment protocol was completed by 8 of 10 enrolled patients, and 7:8 (87.5%) had a significant reduction in pelvic pain (-3.0 points, P = .011) after 4 weeks. There was also a significant decrease in scores on all validated IC/BPS questionnaires, daily number of voids, and nocturia symptom score (P < .05). Significant increases in several quality-of-life questionnaire sub-scores were also identified at 4 weeks (P < .05). At 8-week post-therapy, the positive effects were somewhat attenuated, yet 4:8 patients (50%) continued to have significant pain reduction (P = .047). No adverse events or side effects were reported. CONCLUSION Whole body pulsed electromagnetic field therapy is an alternative treatment option for women with chronic bladder pain syndrome that warrants investigation through comparative trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Wolff
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Christina Ross
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Peyton Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Gopal Badlani
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Robert J Evans
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Stephen J Walker
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
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