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Yuan Q, Recchimuzzi DZ, Costa DN. Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging of Prostate. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2024; 32:171-179. [PMID: 38007279 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion imaging, both with and without exogenous contrast agents, has the potential to assess tissue perfusion and vascularity in prostate cancer. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI is an important element of the clinical non-invasive multiparametric MRI, which can be used to differentiate benign from malignant lesions, to stage tumors, and to monitor response to therapy. The arterial spin labeled (ASL) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted MRI have the advantage of quantitative perfusion measurements without the concerns of gadolinium-based contrast agent safety and retention issues. The adoption of these non-contrast techniques in clinical practice needs more research and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Debora Z Recchimuzzi
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Daniel N Costa
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Road, TX 75390, USA
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Taso M, Aramendía-Vidaurreta V, Englund EK, Francis S, Franklin S, Madhuranthakam AJ, Martirosian P, Nayak KS, Qin Q, Shao X, Thomas DL, Zun Z, Fernández-Seara MA. Update on state-of-the-art for arterial spin labeling (ASL) human perfusion imaging outside of the brain. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1754-1776. [PMID: 36747380 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview of developments for arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging in the body (i.e., outside of the brain). It is part of a series of review/recommendation papers from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Perfusion Study Group. In this review, we focus on specific challenges and developments tailored for ASL in a variety of body locations. After presenting common challenges, organ-specific reviews of challenges and developments are presented, including kidneys, lungs, heart (myocardium), placenta, eye (retina), liver, pancreas, and muscle, which are regions that have seen the most developments outside of the brain. Summaries and recommendations of acquisition parameters (when appropriate) are provided for each organ. We then explore the possibilities for wider adoption of body ASL based on large standardization efforts, as well as the potential opportunities based on recent advances in high/low-field systems and machine-learning. This review seeks to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art of ASL for applications in the body, highlighting ongoing challenges and solutions that aim to enable more widespread use of the technique in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Taso
- Division of MRI Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Erin K Englund
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan Francis
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Center, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Suzanne Franklin
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ananth J Madhuranthakam
- Department of Radiology, Advanced Imaging Research Center, and Biomedical Engineering, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Petros Martirosian
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Krishna S Nayak
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Qin Qin
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David L Thomas
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zungho Zun
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Dwivedi DK, Jagannathan NR. Emerging MR methods for improved diagnosis of prostate cancer by multiparametric MRI. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:587-608. [PMID: 35867236 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current challenges of using serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level-based screening, such as the increased false positive rate, inability to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) with random biopsy, multifocality in PCa, and the molecular heterogeneity of PCa, can be addressed by integrating advanced multiparametric MR imaging (mpMRI) approaches into the diagnostic workup of PCa. The standard method for diagnosing PCa is a transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided systematic prostate biopsy, but it suffers from sampling errors and frequently fails to detect clinically significant PCa. mpMRI not only increases the detection of clinically significant PCa, but it also helps to reduce unnecessary biopsies because of its high negative predictive value. Furthermore, non-Cartesian image acquisition and compressed sensing have resulted in faster MR acquisition with improved signal-to-noise ratio, which can be used in quantitative MRI methods such as dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. With the growing emphasis on the role of pre-biopsy mpMRI in the evaluation of PCa, there is an increased demand for innovative MRI methods that can improve PCa grading, detect clinically significant PCa, and biopsy guidance. To meet these demands, in addition to routine T1-weighted, T2-weighted, DCE-MRI, diffusion MRI, and MR spectroscopy, several new MR methods such as restriction spectrum imaging, vascular, extracellular, and restricted diffusion for cytometry in tumors (VERDICT) method, hybrid multi-dimensional MRI, luminal water imaging, and MR fingerprinting have been developed for a better characterization of the disease. Further, with the increasing interest in combining MR data with clinical and genomic data, there is a growing interest in utilizing radiomics and radiogenomics approaches. These big data can also be utilized in the development of computer-aided diagnostic tools, including automatic segmentation and the detection of clinically significant PCa using machine learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Dwivedi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, 226 003, India.
| | - Naranamangalam R Jagannathan
- Department of Radiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, TN, 603 103, India.
- Department of Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, TN, 600 116, India.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Madras, Chennai, TN, 600 036, India.
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Li X, Slinin YX, Zhang L, Dengel DR, Tupper D, Metzger GJ, Murray AM. Cerebral blood flow characteristics following hemodialysis initiation in older adults: A prospective longitudinal pilot study using arterial spin labeling imaging. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 28:102434. [PMID: 32980601 PMCID: PMC7522859 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate cerebral blood flow (CBF) characteristics before and after hemodialysis initiation and their longitudinal associations with global cognitive function in older adults. METHODS A cohort of 17 older end-stage renal disease patients anticipating standard thrice-weekly hemodialysis and a group of 11 age- and sex-matched healthy control volunteers were recruited for brain perfusion imaging studies using arterial spin labeling. Hemodialysis patients participated in a prospective longitudinal study using brain magnetic resonance imaging and global cognitive assessment using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) at two time points: baseline, 2.9 ± 0.9 months before, and follow-up, 6.4 ± 2.4 months after hemodialysis initiation. Healthy controls were imaged once using the same protocol. CBF analyses were performed globally in grey and white matter and regionally in the hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex. Covariate-adjusted linear mixed-effects models were used for statistical analyses (significance: p < 0.05; marginal significance: p < 0.1). RESULTS At baseline, global and regional CBF was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients than in healthy controls. However, after approximately 6 months of hemodialysis, CBF declined substantially in hemodialysis patients, and became comparable to those in healthy controls. Specifically, in the hemodialysis patients, CBF declined non-significantly globally for grey and white matter and significantly regionally in the hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex. Marginally significant associations were observed between 3MS scores and regional CBF measurements in the hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex at baseline and follow-up, and between longitudinal changes. CONCLUSION The significant decline in CBF after hemodialysis initiation and the observed association between longitudinal changes in regional CBF and 3MS scores suggest that decreased brain perfusion may contribute to the observed cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Li
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Yelena X Slinin
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Donald R Dengel
- Human Performance Teaching Laboratory and Laboratory of Integrative Human Physiology, School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David Tupper
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gregory J Metzger
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anne M Murray
- Hennepin HealthCare Research Institute, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN USA
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Li X, Johnson CP, Ellermann J. 7T bone perfusion imaging of the knee using arterial spin labeling MRI. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:1577-1586. [PMID: 31872919 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging of epiphyseal bone marrow in the distal femoral condyle of the knee at 7T MRI. METHODS The knees of 7 healthy volunteers were imaged with ASL using a 7T whole body MRI scanner and a 28-channel knee coil. ASL imaging used a flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery method for labeling and a single-shot fast spin echo sequence for image readout. ASL imaging with a single oblique transverse slice was performed at 2 slice positions in the distal femoral condyle. Blood flow was measured in 2 regions of interest: the epiphyseal bone marrow and the overlying patellofemoral cartilage. To analyze perfusion SNR, 200 noise images were also acquired using the same ASL imaging protocol with RF pulses turned off. RESULTS Knee bone marrow perfusion imaging was successfully performed with all volunteers. The overall mean of blood flow in the knee bone marrow was 32.90 ± 2.41 mL/100 g/min, and the blood flow was higher at the more distal slice position. We observed significant B0 and B 1 + inhomogeneities, which need to be addressed in the future to improve the quality of ASL imaging and increase the reliability of knee bone marrow perfusion measurements. CONCLUSION Bone marrow perfusion imaging of the distal femoral condyle is feasible using ASL at 7T. Further technical development is needed to improve the ASL method to overcome existing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Li
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Casey P Johnson
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jutta Ellermann
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Erturk MA, Li X, Van de Moortele PF, Ugurbil K, Metzger GJ. Evolution of UHF Body Imaging in the Human Torso at 7T: Technology, Applications, and Future Directions. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 28:101-124. [PMID: 31188271 PMCID: PMC6587233 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential value of ultrahigh field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy to biomedical research and in clinical applications drives the development of technologies to overcome its many challenges. The increased difficulties of imaging the human torso compared with the head include its overall size, the dimensions and location of its anatomic targets, the increased prevalence and magnitude of physiologic effects, the limited availability of tailored RF coils, and the necessary transmit chain hardware. Tackling these issues involves addressing notoriously inhomogeneous transmit B1 (B1) fields, limitations in peak B1, larger spatial variations of the static magnetic field B0, and patient safety issues related to implants and local RF power deposition. However, as research institutions and vendors continue to innovate, the potential gains are beginning to be realized. Solutions overcoming the unique challenges associated with imaging the human torso are reviewed as are current studies capitalizing on the benefits of UHF in several anatomies and applications. As the field progresses, strategies associated with the RF system architecture, calibration methods, RF pulse optimization, and power monitoring need to be further integrated into the MRI systems making what are currently complex processes more streamlined. Meanwhile, the UHF MRI community must seize the opportunity to build upon what have been so far proof of principle and feasibility studies and begin to further explore the true impact in both research and the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arcan Erturk
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Li X, Auerbach EJ, Van de Moortele PF, Ugurbil K, Metzger GJ. Quantitative single breath-hold renal arterial spin labeling imaging at 7T. Magn Reson Med 2018; 79:815-825. [PMID: 28488274 PMCID: PMC5680158 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of quantitative single breath-hold renal arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging at 7T. METHODS A single-shot fast spin echo FAIR (flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery) method was used to perform two studies. First, a multi-delay perfusion study was performed to estimate the spin labeling temporal bolus width achievable with a local transceiver array coil at 7T. Second, with a conservatively defined bolus width, a quantitative perfusion study was performed using the single subtraction approach. To address issues of B1+ inhomogeneity/efficiency and excessive short-term specific absorption rates, various strategies were used, such as dynamic radiofrequency shimming and optimization. RESULTS A conservative temporal bolus width of 600 ms determined from the multi-delay study was applied for single-subtraction imaging to measure the renal blood flow in the cortex and medulla: 303 ± 31.8 and 91.3 ± 15.2 (mL/100 g/min), respectively. The estimated spatial and temporal signal-to-noise ratios of renal perfusion measurements were 3.8 ± 0.7 and 2.4 ± 0.6 for the cortex, and 2.2 ± 0.6 and 1.4 ± 0.2 for the medulla. CONCLUSION With proper management of field strength specific challenges, quantitative renal ASL imaging can be achieved at 7T within a single breath-hold. Magn Reson Med 79:815-825, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Li
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Edward J. Auerbach
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | | | - Kamil Ugurbil
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Gregory J. Metzger
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
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Arterial Spin Labeling Techniques 2009-2014. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2016; 47:98-107. [PMID: 31047171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Arterial spin labeling (ASL) techniques have been implemented across a diverse range of clinical and experimental applications. This review aims to evaluate the current feasibility of ASL in clinical neuroradiology based on recent improvements to ASL sequences and highlight areas for potential clinical applications. METHODS AND MATERIALS In December 2014, a literature search was conducted on PubMed Central, EMBASE, and Scopus using the search terms: "arterial spin labeling, neuroradiology," for studies published between 2009 and 2014 (inclusive). Of 483 studies matching the inclusion criteria, the number of studies using continuous, pseudocontinuous, pulsed, and velocity-selective ASL sequences was 42, 209, 226, and 3, respectively. Studies were classified based on several common clinical applications according to the type of ASL sequence used. Studies using pulsed ASL and pseudo-continuous ASL were grouped based on common sequences. RESULTS The number of clinical studies was 264. Numerous studies applied ASL to stroke management (43 studies), drug testing (21 studies), neurodegenerative diseases (40 studies), and psychiatric disorders (26 studies). CONCLUSIONS This review discusses several factors hindering the implementation of clinical ASL and ASL-related radiofrequency safety issues encountered in clinical practice. However, a limited number of search terms were used. Further development of robust sequences with multislice imaging capabilities and reduced radiofrequency energy deposition will hopefully improve the clinical acceptance of ASL.
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Iltis I, Choi J, Vollmers M, Shenoi M, Bischof J, Metzger GJ. In vivo detection of the effects of preconditioning on LNCaP tumors by a TNF-α nanoparticle construct using MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:1063-9. [PMID: 24980267 PMCID: PMC4139144 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of systemic and local therapies (e.g. chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, focal ablation) for prostate cancer can be significantly improved by using tumor-specific adjuvants prior to treatment ("preconditioning"). We propose to use dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to monitor the in vivo response of a mouse model of prostate cancer treated with a vascular disruptive agent, TNF-α, delivered on a gold nanoparticle (NP-TNF). Six male nude mice bearing 4-5 week old LNCaP tumors were scanned at 9.4 T. DCE-MRI was performed two days before and 4-5 h after treatment with NP-TNF. An intraperitoneal (i.p.) bolus of gadolinium-DTPA (Gd) was administered and contrast enhancement was measured for 90 min. Concentration-time curves of Gd were calculated and the area under the Gd curve (AUGC) was determined pre- and post-treatment. NP-TNF treatment caused an increase in contrast uptake in tumors. Interestingly, the early concentration (10 min post Gd bolus i.p.) was similar in both untreated and treated conditions; however, 90 min after injection, [Gd] was 3.4 times higher than before treatment. AUGC doubled from (11 ± 6) [Gd] × min before treatment to (22 ± 9) [Gd] × min after treatment. An increase in signal enhancement was also observed in the muscle but to a lesser degree. We also evaluated the kinetics of intravenous Gd administration in mice bearing a jugular vein catheter to mimic the delivery method used in clinical trials. The overall treatment effects were independent of the delivery pathway of the contrast agent. In conclusion, we show that DCE-MRI is suitable to detect changes associated with a vascular disruptive agent in a mouse model of prostate cancer. The ability to characterize the effects of nanoparticle therapy in vivo with non-destructive methods is important, as such compounds, in combination with treatment strategies, are progressing towards clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Iltis
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Jeunghwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Manda Vollmers
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Mithun Shenoi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - John Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Gregory J. Metzger
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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Cai W, Li F, Wang J, Du H, Wang X, Zhang J, Fang J, Jiang X. A comparison of arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI and DCE-MRI in human prostate cancer. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:817-825. [PMID: 24809332 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Perfusion MRI has the potential to provide pathophysiological biomarkers for the evaluating, staging and therapy monitoring of prostate cancer. The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of noninvasive arterial spin labeling (ASL) to detect prostate cancer in the peripheral zone and to investigate the correlation between the blood flow (BF) measured by ASL and the pharmacokinetic parameters K(trans) (forward volume transfer constant), kep (reverse reflux rate constant between extracellular space and plasma) and ve (the fractional volume of extracellular space per unit volume of tissue) measured by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in patients with prostate cancer. Forty-three consecutive patients (ages ranging from 49 to 86 years, with a median age of 74 years) with pathologically confirmed prostate cancer were recruited. An ASL scan with four different inversion times (TI = 1000, 1200, 1400 and 1600 ms) and a DCE-MRI scan were performed on a clinical 3.0 T GE scanner. BF, K(trans), kep and ve maps were calculated. In order to determine whether the BF values in the cancerous area were statistically different from those in the noncancerous area, an independent t-test was performed. Spearman's bivariate correlation was used to assess the relationship between BF and the pharmacokinetic parameters K(trans), kep and ve. The mean BF values in the cancerous areas (97.1 ± 30.7, 114.7 ± 28.7, 102.3 ± 22.5, 91.2 ± 24.2 ml/100 g/min, respectively, for TI = 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600 ms) were significantly higher (p < 0.01 for all cases) than those in the noncancerous regions (35.8 ± 12.5, 42.2 ± 13.7, 53.5 ± 19.1, 48.5 ± 13.5 ml/100 g/min, respectively). Significant positive correlations (p < 0.01 for all cases) between BF and the pharmacokinetic parameters K(trans), kep and ve were also observed for all four TI values (r = 0.671, 0.407, 0.666 for TI = 1000 ms; 0.713, 0.424, 0.698 for TI = 1200 ms; 0.604, 0.402, 0.595 for TI = 1400 ms; 0.605, 0.422, 0.548 for TI = 1600 ms). It can be seen that the quantitative ASL measurements show significant differences between cancerous and benign tissues, and exhibit strong to moderate correlations with the parameters obtained using DCE-MRI. These results show the promise of ASL as a noninvasive alternative to DCE-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Cai
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Ferré JC, Bannier E, Raoult H, Mineur G, Carsin-Nicol B, Gauvrit JY. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion: Techniques and clinical use. Diagn Interv Imaging 2013; 94:1211-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Schraml C, Schwenzer NF, Claussen CD, Martirosian P. Examination of Tissue Perfusion by Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL). CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-013-0009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schiepers C, Huang SC, Dahlbom M. Dynamic PET/CT with 11C-Acetate in Prostate Cancer. J Nucl Med 2012; 54:326. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.112532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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