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Weiss V, Kokošová V, Valenta Z, Doležalová I, Baláž M, Mangia S, Michaeli S, Vojtíšek L, Nestrašil I, Herzig R, Filip P. Distance from main arteries influences microstructural and functional brain tissue characteristics. Neuroimage 2024; 285:120502. [PMID: 38103623 PMCID: PMC10804248 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the substantial dependence of neurons on continuous supply of energy, the distribution of major cerebral arteries opens a question whether the distance from the main supply arteries constitutes a modulating factor for the microstructural and functional properties of brain tissue. To tackle this question, multimodal MRI acquisitions of 102 healthy volunteers over the full adult age span were utilised. Relaxation along a fictitious field in the rotating frame of rank n = 4 (RAFF4), adiabatic T1ρ, T2ρ, and intracellular volume fraction (fICVF) derived from diffusion-weighted imaging were implemented to quantify microstructural (cellularity, myelin density, iron concentration) tissue characteristics and degree centrality and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations to probe for functional metrics. Inverse correlation of arterial distance with robust homogeneity was detected for T1ρ, T2ρ and RAFF4 for cortical grey matter and white matter, showing substantial complex microstructural differences between brain tissue close and farther from main arterial trunks. Albeit with wider variability, functional metrics pointed to increased connectivity and neuronal activity in areas farther from main arteries. Surprisingly, multiple of these microstructural and functional distance-based gradients diminished with higher age, pointing to uniformization of brain tissue with ageing. All in all, this pilot study provides a novel insight on brain regionalisation based on artery distance, which merits further investigation to validate its biological underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Weiss
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital of St. Anne, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Viktória Kokošová
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital of St. Anne, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Valenta
- Department of Statistical Modelling, Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Doležalová
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital of St. Anne, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Baláž
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital of St. Anne, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Shalom Michaeli
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Lubomír Vojtíšek
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk University, Neuroscience Centre, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Nestrašil
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Roman Herzig
- Department of Neurology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Stroke Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Filip
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Choi JY, Hu S, Su TY, Murakami H, Tang Y, Blümcke I, Najm I, Sakaie K, Jones S, Griswold M, Wang ZI, Ma D. Normative quantitative relaxation atlases for characterization of cortical regions using magnetic resonance fingerprinting. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:3562-3574. [PMID: 35945683 PMCID: PMC10068276 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) has been used to study cyto- and myelo-architecture of the human brain non-invasively. However, analyzing brain cortex using high-resolution quantitative MR acquisition can be challenging to perform using 3T clinical scanners. MR fingerprinting (MRF) is a highly efficient and clinically feasible quantitative MR technique that simultaneously provides T1 and T2 relaxation maps. Using 3D MRF from 40 healthy subjects (mean age = 25.6 ± 4.3 years) scanned on 3T magnetic resonance imaging, we generated whole-brain gyral-based normative MR relaxation atlases and investigated cortical-region-based T1 and T2 variations. Gender and age dependency of T1 and T2 variations were additionally analyzed. The coefficient of variation of T1 and T2 for each cortical-region was 3.5% and 7.3%, respectively, supporting low variability of MRF measurements across subjects. Significant differences in T1 and T2 were identified among 34 brain regions (P < 0.001), lower in the precentral, postcentral, paracentral lobule, transverse temporal, lateral occipital, and cingulate areas, which contain sensorimotor, auditory, visual, and limbic functions. Significant correlations were identified between age and T1 and T2 values. This study established whole-brain MRF T1 and T2 atlases of healthy subjects using a clinical 3T scanner, which can provide a quantitative and region-specific baseline for future brain studies and pathology detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Yul Choi
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Siyuan Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Ting-Yu Su
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Hiroatsu Murakami
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Yingying Tang
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Ln, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ingmar Blümcke
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 1950 E 89th St U Bldg, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Imad Najm
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Ken Sakaie
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Erlangen, Schlobplatz 4, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Stephen Jones
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Erlangen, Schlobplatz 4, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Mark Griswold
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Zhong Irene Wang
- Charles Shor Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
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Liu M, Yuan J, Wang G, Ni N, Lv Q, Liu S, Gong Y, Zhao X, Wang X, Sun X. Shape programmable T1- T2 dual-mode MRI nanoprobes for cancer theranostics. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4694-4724. [PMID: 36786157 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The shape effect is an important parameter in the design of novel nanomaterials. Engineering the shape of nanomaterials is an effective strategy for optimizing their bioactive performance. Nanomaterials with a unique shape are beneficial to blood circulation, tumor targeting, cell uptake, and even improved magnetism properties. Therefore, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanoprobes with different shapes have been extensively focused on in recent years. Different from other multimodal imaging techniques, dual-mode MRI can provide imaging simultaneously by a single instrument, which can avoid differences in penetration depth, and the spatial and temporal resolution of multiple imaging devices, and ensure the accurate matching of spatial and temporal imaging parameters for the precise diagnosis of early tumors. This review summarizes the latest developments of nanomaterials with various shapes for T1-T2 dual-mode MRI, and highlights the mechanism of how shape intelligently affects nanomaterials' longitudinal or transverse relaxation, namely sphere, hollow, core-shell, cube, cluster, flower, dumbbell, rod, sheet, and bipyramid shapes. In addition, the combination of T1-T2 dual-mode MRI nanoprobes and advanced therapeutic strategies, as well as possible challenges from basic research to clinical transformation, are also systematically discussed. Therefore, this review will help others quickly understand the basic information on dual-mode MRI nanoprobes and gather thought-provoking ideas to advance the subfield of cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Jia Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Gongzheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Nengyi Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Qian Lv
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Shuangqing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Yufang Gong
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Xinya Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Ximing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China.
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Amemiya K, Naito E, Takemura H. Age dependency and lateralization in the three branches of the human superior longitudinal fasciculus. Cortex 2021; 139:116-133. [PMID: 33852990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The superior longitudinal fascicle/fasciculus (SLF) is a major white matter tract connecting the frontal and parietal cortices in humans. Although the SLF has often been analyzed as a single entity, several studies have reported that the SLF is segregated into three distinct branches (SLF I, II, and III). They have also reported the right lateralization of the SLF III volume and discussed its relationship with lateralized cortical functions in the fronto-parietal network. However, to date, the homogeneity or heterogeneity of the age dependency and lateralization properties of SLF branches have not been fully clarified. Through this study, we aimed to clarify the age dependency and lateralization of SLF I-III by analyzing diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) and quantitative R1 (qR1) map datasets collected from a wide range of age groups, mostly comprising right-handed children, adolescents, adults, and seniors (6 to 81 years old). The age dependency in dMRI measurement (fractional anisotropy, FA) was heterogeneous among the three SLF branches, suggesting that these branches are regulated by distinct developmental and aging processes. Lateralization analysis on SLF branches revealed that the right SLF III was larger than the left SLF III in adults, replicating previous reports. FA measurement also suggested that, in addition to SLF III, SLF II was lateralized to the right hemisphere in adolescents and adults. We further found a left lateralization of SLF I in qR1 data, a microstructural measurement sensitive to myelin levels, in adults. These findings suggest that the SLF sub-bundles are distinct entities in terms of age dependency and lateralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Amemiya
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Eiichi Naito
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Takemura
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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The myeloarchitecture of impulsivity: premature responding in youth is associated with decreased myelination of ventral putamen. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1216-1223. [PMID: 30770890 PMCID: PMC6544540 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity has been suggested as a neurocognitive endophenotype conferring risk across a number of neuropsychiatric conditions, including substance and behavioural addictions, eating disorders, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. We used a paradigm with interspecies translation validity (the four-choice serial reaction time task, 4CSRTT) to assess 'waiting' impulsivity in a youth sample (N = 99, aged 16-26 years). We collected magnetization prepared two rapid acquisition gradient echo (MP2RAGE) scans, which enabled us to measure R1, the longitudinal relaxation rate, a parameter closely related to tissue myelin content, as well as quantify grey matter volume. We also assessed inhibitory control (commission errors) on a Go/NoGo task and measured decisional impulsivity (delay discounting) using the Monetary Choice Questionnaire (MCQ). We found R1 of the bilateral ventral putamen was negatively correlated with premature responding, the index of waiting impulsivity on the 4CSRTT. Heightened impulsivity in youth was significantly and specifically associated with lower levels of myelination in the ventral putamen. Impulsivity was not associated with grey matter volume. The association with myelination was specific to waiting impulsivity: R1 was not associated with decisional impulsivity on the MCQ or inhibitory control on the Go/NoGo task. We report that heightened waiting impulsivity, measured as premature responding on the 4CSRTT, is specifically associated with lower levels of ventral putaminal myelination, measured using R1. This may represent a neural signature of vulnerability to diseases associated with excessive impulsivity and demonstrates the added explanatory power of quantifying the mesoscopic organization of the human brain, over and above macroscopic volumetric measurements.
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Rowley CD, Tabrizi SJ, Scahill RI, Leavitt BR, Roos RAC, Durr A, Bock NA. Altered Intracortical T 1-Weighted/T 2-Weighted Ratio Signal in Huntington's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:805. [PMID: 30455625 PMCID: PMC6230564 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by neuronal cell death. Although medium spiny neurons in the striatum are predominantly affected, other brain regions including the cerebral cortex also degenerate. Previous structural imaging studies have reported decreases in cortical thickness in HD. Here we aimed to further investigate changes in cortical tissue composition in vivo in HD using standard clinical T1-weighted (T1W) and T2-weighted (T2W) magnetic resonance images (MRIs). 326 subjects from the TRACK-HD dataset representing healthy controls and four stages of HD progression were analyzed. The intracortical T1W/T2W intensity was sampled in the middle depth of the cortex over 82 regions across the cortex. While these previously collected images were not optimized for intracortical analysis, we found a significant increase in T1W/T2W intensity (p < 0.05 Bonferroni-Holm corrected) beginning with HD diagnosis. Increases in ratio intensity were found in the insula, which then spread to ventrolateral frontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, medial temporal gyral pole, and cuneus with progression into the most advanced HD group studied. Mirroring past histological reports, this increase in the ratio image intensity may reflect disease-related increases in myelin and/or iron in the cortex. These findings suggest that future imaging studies are warranted with imaging optimized to more sensitively and specifically assess which features of cortical tissue composition are abnormal in HD to better characterize disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Rowley
- McMaster Integrative Neuroscience Discovery and Study Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah J. Tabrizi
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, University College London Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael I. Scahill
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, University College London Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Blair R. Leavitt
- Department of Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Raymund A. C. Roos
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Durr
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, UMR_S1127, UPMC Université Paris VI, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- APHP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Nicholas A. Bock
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Oakden W, Bock NA, Al-Ebraheem A, Farquharson MJ, Stanisz GJ. Early regional cuprizone-induced demyelination in a rat model revealed with MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 30:e3743. [PMID: 28544286 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cuprizone model of demyelination is well established in the mouse as a tool for the study of the mechanisms of both demyelination and remyelination. It is often desirable, however, to have a larger model, such as the rat, especially for imaging-based studies, yet initial work has failed to show demyelination in cuprizone-fed rats. Several recent studies have demonstrated demyelination in the rat, but only in the corpus callosum. In this study, we acquired high-resolution, three-dimensional images of the whole brain every 2 weeks, using a T1 -weighted magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo imaging sequence, optimized for myelin contrast, in order to assess myelination across the entire rat brain over a period of 8 weeks on a 1% cuprizone diet. We observed a consistent pattern of demyelination, beginning in the cerebellum by 4 weeks and involving more rostral regions of the brain by 8 weeks on the cuprizone diet, with validation using Luxol fast blue histology. This imaging technique permits the effects of cuprizone-induced demyelination to be followed longitudinally in a single animal, over the entire brain. In turn, this may facilitate the establishment of the cuprizone model of demyelination in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Oakden
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas A Bock
- Psychology, Neuroscience and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alia Al-Ebraheem
- School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Greg J Stanisz
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Okubo G, Okada T, Yamamoto A, Fushimi Y, Okada T, Murata K, Togashi K. Relationship between aging and T
1
relaxation time in deep gray matter: A voxel-based analysis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 46:724-731. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gosuke Okubo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Kyoto Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Kyoto Japan
| | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Kyoto Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fushimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Kyoto Japan
| | - Tsutomu Okada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Kyoto Japan
| | | | - Kaori Togashi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto Kyoto Japan
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Wood TC, Simmons C, Hurley SA, Vernon AC, Torres J, Dell’Acqua F, Williams SC, Cash D. Whole-brain ex-vivo quantitative MRI of the cuprizone mouse model. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2632. [PMID: 27833805 PMCID: PMC5101606 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin is a critical component of the nervous system and a major contributor to contrast in Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. However, the precise contribution of myelination to multiple MR modalities is still under debate. The cuprizone mouse is a well-established model of demyelination that has been used in several MR studies, but these have often imaged only a single slice and analysed a small region of interest in the corpus callosum. We imaged and analyzed the whole brain of the cuprizone mouse ex-vivo using high-resolution quantitative MR methods (multi-component relaxometry, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and morphometry) and found changes in multiple regions, including the corpus callosum, cerebellum, thalamus and hippocampus. The presence of inflammation, confirmed with histology, presents difficulties in isolating the sensitivity and specificity of these MR methods to demyelination using this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias C. Wood
- Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Camilla Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel A. Hurley
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Synaptive Medical, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony C. Vernon
- Cells and Behaviour Unit, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joel Torres
- Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Flavio Dell’Acqua
- Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- NatBrainLab, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steve C.R. Williams
- Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Cash
- Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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