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Yang J, Li Q. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Application in Central Nervous System Diseases. Front Neurol 2020; 11:143. [PMID: 32161572 PMCID: PMC7052353 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) relies on the strong paramagnetism of Mn2+. Mn2+ is a calcium ion analog and can enter excitable cells through voltage-gated calcium channels. Mn2+ can be transported along the axons of neurons via microtubule-based fast axonal transport. Based on these properties, MEMRI is used to describe neuroanatomical structures, monitor neural activity, and evaluate axonal transport rates. The application of MEMRI in preclinical animal models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases can provide more information for the study of disease mechanisms. In this article, we provide a brief review of MEMRI use in CNS diseases ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to brain injury and spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & Cancer Center, Kunming, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & Cancer Center, Kunming, China
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Waxholm Space atlas of the rat brain auditory system: Three-dimensional delineations based on structural and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroimage 2019; 199:38-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Kommajosyula SP, Randall ME, Brozoski TJ, Odintsov BM, Faingold CL. Specific subcortical structures are activated during seizure-induced death in a model of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP): A manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging study. Epilepsy Res 2017. [PMID: 28646692 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major concern for patients with epilepsy. In most witnessed cases of SUDEP generalized seizures and respiratory failure preceded death, and pre-mortem neuroimaging studies in SUDEP patients observed changes in specific subcortical structures. Our study examined the role of subcortical structures in the DBA/1 mouse model of SUDEP using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI). These mice exhibit acoustically-evoked generalized seizures leading to seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) that results in sudden death unless resuscitation is rapidly instituted. MEMRI data in the DBA/1 mouse brain immediately after acoustically-induced S-IRA were compared to data in C57 (control) mice that were exposed to the same acoustic stimulus that did not trigger seizures. The animals were anesthetized and decapitated immediately after seizure in DBA/1 mice and after an equivalent time in control mice. Comparative T1 weighted MEMRI images were evaluated using a 14T MRI scanner and quantified. We observed significant increases in activity in DBA/1 mice as compared to controls at previously-implicated auditory (superior olivary complex) and sensorimotor-limbic [periaqueductal gray (PAG) and amygdala] networks and also in structures in the respiratory network. The activity at certain raphe nuclei was also increased, suggesting activation of serotonergic mechanisms. These data are consistent with previous findings that enhancing the action of serotonin prevents S-IRA in this SUDEP model. Increased activity in the PAG and the respiratory and raphe nuclei suggest that compensatory mechanisms for apnea may have been activated by S-IRA, but they were not sufficient to prevent death. The present findings indicate that changes induced by S-IRA in specific subcortical structures in DBA/1 mice are consistent with human SUDEP findings. Understanding the changes in brain activity during seizure-induced death in animals may lead to improved approaches directed at prevention of human SUDEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa P Kommajosyula
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Marcus E Randall
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Thomas J Brozoski
- Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States
| | - Boris M Odintsov
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Carl L Faingold
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19629, Springfield, IL 62794-9629, United States.
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Tang Z, Wu L, Xiao Z, Sun X, Feng X, Chen Q, Fan J, Wang J, Wang W, Luo J, Jin L. Manganese-enhanced MR imaging (MEMRI) combined with electrophysiology in the study of cross-modal plasticity in binocularly blind rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 61:12-20. [PMID: 28539242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to determine and verify the establishment of visual to auditory cross-modal plasticity using manganese-enhanced MR imaging (MEMRI) combined with examinations of the visual evoked potential (VEP), auditory brainstem response (ABR) and bilateral visual cortex response to a bilateral auditory stimulus (AVR). Fourteen healthy male Sprague-Dawley newborn rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=7 per group). Optic nerve transection was performed in the 7 rats of Group A three weeks after birth to obtain binocularly blind models, and the 7 rats of Group B were maintained as the control group. The VEP was measured to ensure complete binocular blindness. Four months after the operation, MnCl2 was injected into the left inner ear perilymph of all rats, and an MRI examination was performed 24h after injection. Then, ABR and AVR were measured to detect the generation of auditory compensatory function. The results of the VEP have confirmed complete binocular blindness. The normalized signal intensity of the bilateral medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex, visual center (including the lateral geniculate nucleus, superior colliculus and visual cortex) and right hippocampus in binocularly blind rats was significantly increased compared with that in normal rats (P≤0.005), which was confirmed by measurement of the ABR and AVR. Our results suggested that MEMRI combined with electrophysiology can show changes in the auditory and visual pathways of binocularly blind rats and demonstrate the generation of an auditory compensatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuohua Tang
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Lingjie Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zebin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Feng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jiawen Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Central Laboratory, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jianfeng Luo
- Health Statistics, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lixin Jin
- Siemens Ltd. Healthcare sector, Shanghai, 201318, China
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