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Malhi BS, Moazamian D, Shin SH, Athertya JS, Silva L, Jerban S, Jang H, Chang E, Ma Y, Carl M, Du J. Bi-Exponential 3D UTE-T1ρ Relaxation Mapping of Ex Vivo Human Knee Patellar Tendon at 3T. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:66. [PMID: 38247943 PMCID: PMC10813751 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the bi-exponential relaxation times and fractions of the short and long components of the human patellar tendon ex vivo using three-dimensional ultrashort echo time T1ρ (3D UTE-T1ρ) imaging. Materials and Methods: Five cadaveric human knee specimens were scanned using a 3D UTE-T1ρ imaging sequence on a 3T MR scanner. A series of 3D UTE-T1ρ images were acquired and fitted using single-component and bi-component models. Single-component exponential fitting was performed to measure the UTE-T1ρ value of the patellar tendon. Bi-component analysis was performed to measure the short and long UTE-T1ρ values and fractions. Results: The single-component analysis showed a mean single-component UTE-T1ρ value of 8.4 ± 1.7 ms for the five knee patellar tendon samples. Improved fitting was achieved with bi-component analysis, which showed a mean short UTE-T1ρ value of 5.5 ± 0.8 ms with a fraction of 77.6 ± 4.8%, and a mean long UTE-T1ρ value of 27.4 ± 3.8 ms with a fraction of 22.4 ± 4.8%. Conclusion: The 3D UTE-T1ρ sequence can detect the single- and bi-exponential decay in the patellar tendon. Bi-component fitting was superior to single-component fitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavsimran Singh Malhi
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Dina Moazamian
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Soo Hyun Shin
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Jiyo S. Athertya
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Livia Silva
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Saeed Jerban
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Eric Chang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
- Radiology Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Yajun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Michael Carl
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
- General Electric Health Care, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; (B.S.M.); (D.M.); (S.H.S.); (J.S.A.); (L.S.); (S.J.); (H.J.); (E.C.); (Y.M.); (M.C.)
- Radiology Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Zibetti MVW, Menon RG, de Moura HL, Zhang X, Kijowski R, Regatte RR. Updates on Compositional MRI Mapping of the Cartilage: Emerging Techniques and Applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:44-60. [PMID: 37010113 PMCID: PMC10323700 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widely occurring degenerative joint disease that is severely debilitating and causes significant socioeconomic burdens to society. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for the morphological evaluation of cartilage due to its excellent soft tissue contrast and high spatial resolution. However, its utilization typically involves subjective qualitative assessment of cartilage. Compositional MRI, which refers to the quantitative characterization of cartilage using a variety of MRI methods, can provide important information regarding underlying compositional and ultrastructural changes that occur during early OA. Cartilage compositional MRI could serve as early imaging biomarkers for the objective evaluation of cartilage and help drive diagnostics, disease characterization, and response to novel therapies. This review will summarize current and ongoing state-of-the-art cartilage compositional MRI techniques and highlight emerging methods for cartilage compositional MRI including MR fingerprinting, compressed sensing, multiexponential relaxometry, improved and robust radio-frequency pulse sequences, and deep learning-based acquisition, reconstruction, and segmentation. The review will also briefly discuss the current challenges and future directions for adopting these emerging cartilage compositional MRI techniques for use in clinical practice and translational OA research studies. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo V. W. Zibetti
- Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rajiv G. Menon
- Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hector L. de Moura
- Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Kijowski
- Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ravinder R. Regatte
- Center of Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Ultrashort echo time magnetization transfer imaging of knee cartilage and meniscus after long-distance running. Eur Radiol 2023:10.1007/s00330-023-09462-x. [PMID: 36814033 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the detection of changes in knee cartilage and meniscus of amateur marathon runners before and after long-distance running using a 3D ultrashort echo time MRI sequence with magnetization transfer preparation (UTE-MT). METHODS We recruited 23 amateur marathon runners (46 knees) in this prospective cohort study. MRI scans using UTE-MT and UTE-T2* sequences were performed pre-race, 2 days post-race, and 4 weeks post-race. UTE-MT ratio (UTE-MTR) and UTE-T2* were measured for knee cartilage (eight subregions) and meniscus (four subregions). The sequence reproducibility and inter-rater reliability were also investigated. RESULTS Both the UTE-MTR and UTE-T2* measurements showed good reproducibility and inter-rater reliability. For most subregions of cartilage and meniscus, the UTE-MTR values decreased 2 days post-race and increased after 4 weeks of rest. Conversely, the UTE-T2* values increased 2 days post-race and decreased after 4 weeks. The UTE-MTR values in lateral tibial plateau, central medial femoral condyle, and medial tibial plateau showed a significant decrease at 2 days post-race compared to the other two time points (p < 0.05). By comparison, no significant UTE-T2* changes were found for any cartilage subregions. For meniscus, the UTE-MTR values in medial posterior horn and lateral posterior horn regions at 2 days post-race were significantly lower than those at pre-race and 4 weeks post-race (p < 0.05). By comparison, only the UTE-T2* values in medial posterior horn showed a significant difference. CONCLUSIONS UTE-MTR is a promising method for the detection of dynamic changes in knee cartilage and meniscus after long-distance running. KEY POINTS • Long-distance running causes changes in the knee cartilage and meniscus. • UTE-MT monitors dynamic changes of knee cartilage and meniscal non-invasively. • UTE-MT is superior to UTE-T2* in monitoring dynamic changes in knee cartilage and meniscus.
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Athertya JS, Akers J, Sedaghat S, Wei Z, Moazamian D, Dwek S, Thu M, Jang H. Detection of iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)-labeled stem cells using quantitative ultrashort echo time imaging: a feasibility study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:585-597. [PMID: 36819276 PMCID: PMC9929408 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background In this study, we investigated the feasibility of quantitative ultrashort echo time (qUTE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques in the detection and quantification of iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)-labeled stem cells. Methods A stem cell phantom containing multiple layers of unlabeled or labeled stem cells with different densities was prepared. The phantom was imaged with quantitative UTE (qUTE) MR techniques [i.e., UTE-T1 mapping, UTE-T2* mapping, and UTE-based quantitative susceptibility mapping (UTE-QSM)] as well as with a clinical T2 mapping sequence on a 3T clinical MR system. For T1 mapping, a variable flip angle (VFA) method based on actual flip angle imaging (AFI) technique was utilized. For T2* mapping and UTE-QSM, multiple images with variable, interleaved echo times including UTE images and gradient recalled echo (GRE) images were used. For UTE-QSM, the phase information from the multi-echo images was utilized and processed using a QSM framework based on the morphology-enabled dipole inversion (MEDI) algorithm. The qUTE techniques were also evaluated in an ex vivo experiment with a mouse injected with IONP-labeled stem cells. Results In the phantom experiment, the parameters estimated with qUTE techniques showed high linearity with respect to the density of IONP-labeled stem cells (R2>0.99), while the clinical T2 parameter showed impaired linearity (R2=0.87). In the ex vivo mouse experiment, UTE-T2* mapping and UTE-QSM showed feasibility in the detection of injected stem cells with high contrast, whereas UTE-T1 and UTE-T2* showed limited detection. Overall, UTE-QSM demonstrated the best contrast of all, with other methods being subjected more to a confounding factor due to different magnetic susceptibilities of various types of neighboring tissues, which creates inhomogeneous contrast that behaves similar to IONP. Conclusions In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of a series of qUTE imaging techniques as well as conventional T2 mapping for the detection of IONP-labeled stem cells in vitro and ex vivo. UTE-QSM performed superior amongst other qUTE techniques as well as conventional T2 mapping in detecting stem cells with high contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyo S. Athertya
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Sam Sedaghat
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zhao Wei
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dina Moazamian
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sophia Dwek
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mya Thu
- VisiCELL Medical Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Afsahi AM, Sedaghat S, Moazamian D, Afsahi G, Athertya JS, Jang H, Ma YJ. Articular Cartilage Assessment Using Ultrashort Echo Time MRI: A Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:892961. [PMID: 35692400 PMCID: PMC9178905 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.892961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a major component of the human knee joint which may be affected by a variety of degenerative mechanisms associated with joint pathologies and/or the aging process. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences with a TE less than 100 µs are capable of detecting signals from both fast- and slow-relaxing water protons in cartilage. This allows comprehensive evaluation of all the cartilage layers, especially for the short T2 layers which include the deep and calcified zones. Several ultrashort echo time (UTE) techniques have recently been developed for both morphological imaging and quantitative cartilage assessment. This review article summarizes the current catalog techniques based on UTE Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) that have been utilized for such purposes in the human knee joint, such as T1, T2∗ , T1ρ, magnetization transfer (MT), double echo steady state (DESS), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and inversion recovery (IR). The contrast mechanisms as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Masoud Afsahi
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sam Sedaghat
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dina Moazamian
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ghazaleh Afsahi
- Department of Biotechnology Research, BioSapien, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jiyo S. Athertya
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ya-Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ya-Jun Ma,
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