1
|
He Y, Wang R, Mo L, Chen M, Jiang Q, Feng L. Comparison of clinical outcomes between family caregivers and professional caregivers in in-hospital patients with acute ischaemic stroke: A prospective cohort study. J Clin Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38873867 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study explored the impact of different care modes on the outcome of hospitalized patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) during hospitalization and 3 months after discharge. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study comparing the outcomes at hospitalization, at discharge, and at 3 months post discharge among AIS patients with different caregiving arrangements from 9, December 2022 to 20, August 2023. The general information questionnaire, Modified Barthel Index, Shortened General Comfort Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support scale, Herth Hope Index, modified Rankin scale and EQ-5D-5L were utilized for the investigation. RESULTS The psychological evaluation scores during hospitalization, including comfort, perceived social support, and hope, did not significantly differ between the two groups of AIS patients (p > .05). Moreover, there were no significant impacts observed in terms of length of stay (LOS) at the hospital or hospitalization expense (p > .05). The proportion of patients with intact functionality was greater in the family caregiver group 3 months after discharge (16.5%). However, when stratified based on prognosis, the difference in outcomes between the two groups of patients did not reach statistical significance (p > .05). The analysis of ADL, quality of life and stroke recurrence in 276 surviving ischaemic stroke patients 3 months post discharge indicated no differences between the two groups across all three aspects (p > .05). CONCLUSION Older and divorced or widowed AIS patients tend to prefer professional caregivers. The psychological state during hospitalization, length of hospital stay and hospitalization expenses are not influenced by the caregiving model. Three months post discharge, a greater proportion of patients in the family caregiving group had intact mRS functionality, but this choice did not impact patient prognosis, stroke recurrence, quality of life or independence in ADL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue He
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Linqi Mo
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Langerak AJ, D'Olivo P, Thijm OSA, Regterschot GRH, Meskers CGM, Rozendaal MC, Visch VT, Bussmann JBJ. Stroke patients' motivation for home-based upper extremity rehabilitation with eHealth tools. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38339778 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2304091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE eHealth-based exercise therapies were developed to increase stroke patients' adherence to home-based motor rehabilitation. However, these eHealth tools face a rapid decrease in use after a couple of weeks. This study investigates stroke patients' motivation for home-based upper extremity rehabilitation with eHealth tools and their relation with Basic Psychological Needs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a qualitative study using thematic analysis. We conducted semi-structured interviews with stroke patients with upper extremity motor impairments, who were discharged home from a rehabilitation centre, after they interacted with a novel eHealth coach demonstrator in their homes for five consecutive days. RESULTS We included ten stroke patients. Thematic analysis resulted in eight themes for home-based rehabilitation motivation: Curiosity, Rationale, Choice, Optimal challenge, Reference, Encouragement, Social Support and Trustworthiness. Those themes are embedded into three Basic Psychological Needs: "Autonomy", "Competence", and "Relatedness". CONCLUSION Eight motivational themes related to the three Basic Psychological Needs describe stroke patients' motivation for home-based upper extremity rehabilitation. We recommend considering those themes when developing a home-based eHealth intervention for stroke patients to increase the alignment of eHealth tools to the patient's needs and reduce motivational decreases in home-based rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Langerak
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P D'Olivo
- Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - O S A Thijm
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - G R H Regterschot
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C G M Meskers
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M C Rozendaal
- Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - V T Visch
- Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - J B J Bussmann
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo CY, Jiao P, Tu SM, Shen L, Sun YM. Mediating role of physical activity in the relationship between psychological distress and intimate relationships among stroke patients. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:1096-1105. [PMID: 38186719 PMCID: PMC10768486 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i12.1096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke patients often experience psychological distress, which can impact their intimate relationships with spouses, subsequently influencing their treatment and recovery. Physical activity is considered a key rehabilitation method for stroke patients. This paper aims to analyze whether psychological distress affects intimate relationship between spouses through physical activity. AIM To explore the mediating effect of physical activity between psychological distress and intimate relationship in stroke patients. METHODS A total of 256 stroke patients who underwent treatment at the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu between July 2021 and July 2022 were enrolled in this study. The participants completed questionnaires, including the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the Quality of Relationship Index (QRI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and a general information questionnaire. Data analysis were performed using SPSS 23.0. The Harman test was employed to detect common method deviations, and Spearman correlation was used for correlation analysis. The mediating effect was assessed using Process 3.4.1, with significance testing of the regression coefficients conducted using the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method (5000 iterations, 95% confidence interval). Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS The results showed that patients scored an average of 21.61 ± 6.44 points on the K10, 32.40 ± 6.19 points on the QRI; the median physical activity level according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was 1861 (566, 2846) MET·min/w. The level of physical activity (the physical activity intensity of the patients reflected by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form scale) negatively correlated with psychological distress and intimacy (P < 0.05), and positively correlated with each other (P < 0.05), with the correlation stronger at lower physical activity levels compared to higher ones. The mediating effect of physical activity between psychological distress and intimate relationship was calculated to be 40.23%. Bootstrap analysis further validated the results. The mediating effect of psychological distress on intimate relationships through physical activity level was -0.284, with a confidence interval of -0.409 to -0.163, excluding 0, confirming a significant mediating effect of psychological distress on intimate relationships. CONCLUSION Physical activity significantly affects relationship between psychological distress and intimate relationships among stroke patients. Addressing the role of physical activity may have implications for improving patient outcomes and rehabilitation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yue Luo
- Department of Emergency, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, Henan Province, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Department of Emergency, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, Henan Province, China
| | - Shu-Min Tu
- Department of Emergency, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, Henan Province, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Emergency, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong-Mei Sun
- Department of Emergency, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, Henan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Day CB, Bierhals CCBK, Pizzol FLFD, Low G, Santos NOD, Paskulin LMG. A longitudinal study of burden among spouse and non-spouse caregivers of older adults with stroke-induced-dependency. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20230052. [PMID: 38055489 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to assess the burden of spouse and non-spouse caregivers of older adults with stroke-induced-dependency after discharge from a university hospital's Specialized Care Stroke Unit in southern Brazil. METHODS a longitudinal survey. The sample consisted of 48 consenting caregivers, among which 20 were spouse caregivers. Data were collected between May 2016 and July 2018. One week after discharge, caregivers completed a sociodemographic profile, the Functional Independence Measure, and the Caregiver Burden Scale. Burden was also measured two months after discharge. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analyses of Variance. RESULTS regarding time 1, non-spouse caregivers experienced greater burden with respect to social isolation (p = .01). Along with a persistently greater sense of isolation (p=.04), non-spouse caregivers felt far greater general strain (p =.01). CONCLUSION statistically significant differences in burden over time highlight the importance of assessing caregiver burden after discharge and the need for a formal support program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Baltar Day
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gail Low
- University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
See Toh WXS, Lim WHJ, Yobas P, Lim S. The experiences of spousal and adult child caregivers of stroke survivors in transitional care: A qualitative systematic review. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:3897-3929. [PMID: 35986588 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To synthesize and present the currently available literature on the experiences of spousal and adult child caregivers of stroke patients in transitional care. DESIGN This is a qualitative systematic review. DATA SOURCES Eight electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, PsychINFO, ProQuest and Scopus) were searched from September 2020 to April 2022 for relevant literature and grey literature. Qualitative studies exploring the experiences of sspousal or adult child caregivers of stroke survivors up till 1 year after discharge were included. REVIEW METHODS The selection of articles was done by two independent reviewers who screened the titles and the abstracts of studies, and the full texts of selected articles. Quality appraisal and data extraction of selected articles were undertaken by two independent reviewers using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Data synthesis was conducted using a meta-aggregative approach recommended by JBI. RESULTS A total of 19 papers were included in this review. A total of three synthesized findings centred around caregivers' experience with healthcare professionals, changes in their life roles and needs, effects of caregiving and how they adapted to their changes were aggregated. CONCLUSION Spousal and adult child caregivers faced multiple barriers during transitional care, such as the lack of resources and an inability to cope with changes in their lives. Support and adequate preparation were key facilitators in easing stroke caregivers into their role. IMPACT The findings from this review can be used to guide future implementations of caregiver education programmes and comprehensive discharge planning for stroke survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiu Samantha See Toh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiothoracic & Vascular Unit, National University Heart Centre, Singapore
| | - Wei Heong Joshua Lim
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Acute Stroke Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Piyanee Yobas
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Siriwan Lim
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University Health System, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zauszniewski JA, Sweetko JS, She HY, Schreiner N. Documenting the need for teaching resourcefulness skills to family caregivers. Appl Nurs Res 2022; 67:151627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2022.151627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
7
|
Pauly T, Ashe MC, Murphy R, Gerstorf D, Linden W, Madden KM, Hoppmann CA. Active With Whom? Examining the Social Context of Physical Activity in Individuals After Stroke and Their Partners. Front Public Health 2021; 9:754046. [PMID: 34660523 PMCID: PMC8511423 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.754046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Engaging in regular moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) is crucial to reduce future health risk for individuals living with the effects of a stroke and their partners. Although numerous studies point to the importance of social factors in physical activity engagement, little is known about with whom individuals after stroke and their partners engage in physical activity with and whether different physical activity companions are uniquely associated with MVPA. Eighty-nine community-dwelling individuals after stroke (Mage = 68.64, SD = 10.44; 74% male) and 83 partners (Mage = 66.04, SD = 9.91; 24% male) completed 14 consecutive days of daily life assessments that included wearing physical activity monitors (accelerometers) and self-reporting physical activity companions (n = 1,961 days). Results show that average levels of MVPA were correlated between partners (r = 0.38), as were day-to-day MVPA fluctuations (r = 0.34). Importantly, for individuals after stroke, being active with their partner, but not with any other physical activity companion, was linked with elevated daily MVPA. In contrast, for partners of individuals after stroke, engaging in physical activity with a variety of different companions (partner, other family member, friend, colleague) was each associated with higher MVPA in daily life. For both individuals after stroke and their partners being active by oneself (without a companion) on a given day was not associated with elevated MVPA. Findings suggest that interventions that promote physical activity engagement should consider the role of meaningful others, with the partner being particularly key for individuals living with chronic health conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Pauly
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging," University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maureen C Ashe
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rachel Murphy
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Denis Gerstorf
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Linden
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kenneth M Madden
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christiane A Hoppmann
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The experience of close personal relationships after stroke: scoping review and thematic analysis of qualitative literature. BRAIN IMPAIR 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/brimp.2021.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Purpose:
Psychosocial difficulties, including changed relationships are among the most pervasive and concerning issues following stroke. This study aimed to collate and thematically analyse qualitative literature describing the experience of close personal relationships from the perspective of stroke survivors.
Method:
Using a scoping review methodology, four databases (CINAHL/EBSCO, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Embase, Psychinfo) were systematically searched, yielding 3100 citations. Following exclusion of duplicates and screening against inclusion criteria at title/abstract and full text levels, 53 articles were included in the review. Data were charted and thematically analysed.
Results:
While research has increased since 2000, longitudinal designs are few. Four overarching themes and 12 subthemes were identified. ‘Social disruption’ described changing social worlds, lost social opportunities and shrinking networks. ‘Changed relationships’ included changed family and spousal relationships and changed parenting relationships. The third theme ‘relationships help’ highlighted positive aspects including belonging, support and a life worth living. The final theme was ‘coping with an altered social world’ and described adjustment and emotional responses.
Conclusions:
Relationships are an important aspect of life post stroke but are subject to changes and challenges. This article brings together a breadth of qualitative data to describe lived experiences. Further research, in particular, longitudinal research is required.
Collapse
|
9
|
Influence of Pain and Discomfort in Stroke Patients on Coping Strategies and Changes in Behavior and Lifestyle. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11060804. [PMID: 34204520 PMCID: PMC8235021 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of prevention strategies can reduce the risk of having a stroke. This prospective, longitudinal, multicenter observational study of 82 patients describes health habits, quality of life, coping strategies, and physical and neurological status at 3 months and 1 year after stroke. The EuroQoL-5D quality of life scale (EQ-5D) and the coping strategy measurement scale (COPE-28) were used to assess pain and discomfort, and behavioral and lifestyle changes. Significant differences were observed in the pain or discomfort levels of those patients with behavioral and lifestyle changes. Correlation was also found between pain or discomfort and the coping strategies associated with active emotional support at 1 year after stroke. The results of the pain or discomfort dimension were not, however, associated with better adherence to treatment. Pain and discomfort could have a predictive value in changes in lifestyles and behaviors but not for treatment adherence in patients who have had a stroke, which is significant at 1 year. In addition to important active coping strategies such as social support, these changes in behavior and lifestyle following a stroke are long-term and should therefore be assessed during the initial examination.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bertschi IC, Meier F, Bodenmann G. Disability as an Interpersonal Experience: A Systematic Review on Dyadic Challenges and Dyadic Coping When One Partner Has a Chronic Physical or Sensory Impairment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:624609. [PMID: 33732189 PMCID: PMC7959177 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronically disabling health impairments affect an increasing number of people worldwide. In close relationships, disability is an interpersonal experience. Psychological distress is thus common in patients as well as their spouses. Dyadic coping can alleviate stress and promote adjustment in couples who face disabling health impairments. Much research has focused on dyadic coping with cancer. However, other health problems such as physical and sensory impairments are also common and may strongly impact couple relationships. In order to promote couples' optimal adjustment to impaired health, the identification of disability-related relationship challenges is required. Furthermore, ways in which dyadic coping with these challenges may benefit couples could inform researchers and practitioners how to support couples in coping with health impairments. Accordingly, the aims of this study were to systematically review dyadic challenges and dyadic coping when one partner has a chronically disabling physical or sensory impairment. Out of 873 articles identified through database searches, 36 studies met inclusion criteria. The disability-related dyadic challenges identified in the review were changed roles and responsibilities within the couple, altered communication, compromised sexual intimacy, and reduced social participation. These challenges were reported to burden both partners and the couple relationship. Dyadic adjustment benefitted from a we-perspective, i.e., when couples viewed the disability as a shared challenge and engaged in conjoint dyadic coping. The results suggest that patient/care recipient and partner/caregiver roles should be de-emphasized and that disability should be recognized as an interpersonal experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella C Bertschi
- Clinical Psychology for Children/Adolescents and Couples/Families, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Meier
- Clinical Psychology for Children/Adolescents and Couples/Families, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guy Bodenmann
- Clinical Psychology for Children/Adolescents and Couples/Families, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang L, Zhang Z, Mei Y, Liu Q. Dyadic appraisals, dyadic coping, and mental health among couples coping with stroke: A longitudinal study protocol. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:3164-3170. [PMID: 32857428 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to describe a longitudinal research protocol for exploring the relationship of dyadic appraisal, dyadic coping (DC), and dyadic mental health among stroke survivors and their spouses and its action path. BACKGROUND Stroke can be considered as a dyad phenomenon which affects the mental health of both the survivors and their spouse caregivers. Studies based on dyadic theories are needed to examine the roles of dyadic appraisal and DC on the mental health of stroke dyads. DESIGN Longitudinal study. METHODS Stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers will be recruited from hospital, when the survivors are stable and about to discharge. Follow-up assessments will take place in 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after participants discharge. The structural equation modelling will be used for statistic analysing. DISCUSSION Our study seeks to expand the theory of Developmental-Contextual Model to examine the association among variables including dyadic appraisal, DC, and mental health for the couples coping with stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyun Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxiang Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yongxia Mei
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Qingxuan Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|