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Pelin M, Sert H, Horzum MB, Randler C. Relationship between burnout levels of nurses and their circadian preference, sleep quality, and personality traits. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:885-895. [PMID: 37338040 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2222814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Occupational stress and burnout are widely encountered among many healthcare professionals, including nurses and doctors, as well as among members of other professions. For example, nurses, who have disrupted circadian rhythms, are seen to have sleep problems. In addition, their personality traits are also considered to be related with burnout. This study aimed to identify nurses' circadian preference and personality traits along with their effects on sleep quality and their relationship with burnout. In this study, 211 nurses (40 male, 171 female) using the correlational model from quantitative research methods was used since the variables of morningness/eveningness, personality trait, sleep quality, and burnout were aimed to be investigated at once, without intervention, within the predictivity context of the relationship among them. When the scores obtained from the burnout scale were examined, it was observed that the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment subdimensions were so close to the median value and mean, while depersonalization was quite low compared to these sub-dimensions. The participants' sleep quality was seen to be at the lowest step of the poor sleep quality class. When the scores obtained from the MESSI scale are examined, it is seen that the scores obtained from the morning affect dimension are above the median value, and the highest average according to the Five-Factor Personality Traits Scale is obtained in the subdimensions of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Female gender, constantly work at night, having a high number of weekly working hours increased burnout level. Additionally Evening chronotype, poor sleep quality, neuroticism, agreeableness, extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits were found to be associated with burnout in this study. In the study, being of different chronotypes, having other personality traits, and varying sleep quality scores were seen to affect the sub-dimensions of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Pelin
- Institute of Health Science, Department of Medical Nursing, Science Sakarya University, Serdivan, Türkiye
| | - Havva Sert
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Medical Nursing, Sakarya University, Serdivan, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Bariş Horzum
- Education Faculty, Computer and Instructional Technology Department, Sakarya University, Serdivan, Türkiye
| | - Christoph Randler
- Department of Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tubingen, Germany
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Du J, He SZ, Li MJ, Wu C, Zheng WK, Zhang LY, Heng CN, Ni CP, Lang HJ. The relationship between psychosocial job stressors and insomnia: The mediating role of psychological capital. Nurs Open 2023. [PMID: 36929116 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine the association of job-related stressors and insomnia; to determine the association of psychological capital and insomnia; and to explore whether psychological capital mediates the association between job-related stressors and insomnia among Chinese nurses. DESIGN A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. METHODS The STROBE statement was utilized to guide the study. A total of 810 nurses from one tertiary grade hospital in Shan Dong Province, China, were recruited for the present study and a total of 658 valid questionnaires were obtained (effective recovery rate: 81.2%). The study survey consisted of demographic variables, psychological capital, job stress and insomnia. Descriptive analysis, independent-samples T-test, one-way analysis of variance, stratified regression analysis, Pearson correlation analyses, ordinary least-squares regression and the bootstrap method were used to analyse data. RESULTS Findings of the study determined that demographic, work-related, behavioural and work setting (i.e. working hours, chronic disease, negative life events, smoking behaviour and night shift) factors were differentially associated with experiences of insomnia. The empirical study showed that psychological capital had statistically significant mediating effects between job stressors and insomnia. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study explored the factors associated with nurses' psychological job stressors and insomnia. Some of the associated factors could be used for the prevention and mitigation of psychosocial dysfunction among nurses. This study found nurses in surgery, emergency department, ICU, working >40 h a week, with chronic illness, experiencing negative life events, shift work and high effort, high overcommitment and low reward had higher scores of insomnia respectively. The results of this study also showed that reward was correlated with the increase of psychological capital, and the increase of psychological capital was correlated with the decrease of insomnia in nurses. On the contrary, effort and overcommitment decreased psychological capital, and then increased insomnia among nurses. These findings have important implications for future research and policy interventions to improve sleep quality of nurses and enhance nurses' health and patients' safety. This study significantly suggests that improving nurses' psychological capital is a potential way to help nurses improve sleep quality when psychosocial job stressors are difficult external environment to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi-Zhe He
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min-Jie Li
- The Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Kai Zheng
- Basic Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lin-Yuan Zhang
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Ni Heng
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University (Air Force Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Ping Ni
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Juan Lang
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Zhang L, Li M, Yang Y, Xia L, Min K, Liu T, Liu Y, Kaslow NJ, Liu DY, Tang YL, Jiang F, Liu H. Gender differences in the experience of burnout and its correlates among Chinese psychiatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A large-sample nationwide survey. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:1480-1491. [PMID: 35957615 PMCID: PMC9538055 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric nurses often experience burnout and other mental health symptoms. However, few studies have examined these phenomena and gender-specific associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. We surveyed a national sample of psychiatric nurses (N = 8971) from 41 tertiary psychiatric hospitals in China as part of a large national survey conducted during the pandemic. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey was used to assess burnout and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 was used to assess mental health symptoms. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to explore factors associated with burnout in the entire sample and separately by gender. The overall prevalence of burnout was 27.27%, with the rate in male psychiatric nurses (32.24%) being significantly higher than that in female psychiatric nurses (25.97%). Many key demographic factors (such as the male gender and marital status), work-related variables (such as a mid-level professional title, having an administrative position, longer working hours, more monthly night shifts, and the perceived negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical work) were significantly associated with burnout in the whole sample. Moreover, burnout was associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in the whole sample. Gender-specific factors associated with burnout were also identified: burnout was associated with night shifts in male psychiatric nurses, whereas it was associated with single or married marital status, a mid-level professional title, and having an administrative position among female psychiatric nurses. The high rates of burnout and mental health symptoms in psychiatric nurses need attention from hospital administrators. While mental health symptoms, longer working hours, and the perceived impact of COVID-19 are associated with burnout in both genders, gender-specific factors also warrant special attention when developing gender-specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengdie Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiyuan Min
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingfang Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nadine J Kaslow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daphne Y Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yi-Lang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Gao C, Wang L, Tian X, Song GM. Sleep quality and the associated factors among in-hospital nursing assistants in general hospital: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09393. [PMID: 35600445 PMCID: PMC9118489 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep quality and the associated factors in professional nurses have been extensively investigated. However, as an important part of the workforce in hospitals, sleep quality and influencing factors among in-hospital nursing assistants is rarely investigated. Aim This study aimed to assess the sleep quality and the associated factors of in-hospital nursing assistants in general hospital. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in a tertiary general hospital. Data were collected from 187 in-hospital nursing assistants using convenience sampling from June to July 2018. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate participants’ sleep quality. A multiple linear regression was performed to identify associated factors with sleep quality. Results This study revealed a mean PSQI score of 5.96 ± 3.64 among all participants, of which 62.3% (114/187) participants suffered from impaired sleep quality. In-hospital nursing assistants with significant medical condition, low monthly income, irregular diet and high family burden reported more worse sleep quality. Conclusion The study showed that poor sleep quality is a highly prevalent issue among Chinese in-hospital nursing assistants in general hospital. Measures to enhance nursing assistants’ wellbeing status (health and burden) and improve their salary (monthly income) are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gao
- Department of Nursing, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Li Wang
- Ward I at Department of Upper Extremity Trauma, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Xu Tian
- Nursing Department, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona 43002, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - Guo-Min Song
- Department of Nursing, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
- Corresponding author.
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Wang MF, Shao P, Wu C, Zhang LY, Zhang LF, Liang J, Du J. The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1070809. [PMID: 36875542 PMCID: PMC9983607 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nurses have a high incidence of insomnia. Insomnia not only damages the physical and mental health of nurses, but also reduces their productivity and quality of care, ultimately affecting patient care. Over the past 30 years, a large number of epidemiological surveys have shown that insomnia in nurses is associated with occupational stress. As an external feature of the role of a nurse, occupational stress is difficult to alter in a short period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the complex mediating variables in the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia in nurses in order to find different ideas to address the problem of insomnia caused by occupational stress. Psychological capital, the positive psychological strength of an individual, has been widely used in previous reports as a mediating variable between occupational stress and adverse psychological problems. Objective This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of psychological capital on occupational stressors and insomnia among Chinese nurses. Methods The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement was referred to conduct the study. A cross-sectional stratified sampling method was used to recruit 720 participants from a tertiary hospital in Jinan, Shandong province, located in the east of China, from June to August 2019. Questionnaires were used to obtain data on demographic variables, psychological capital, occupational stressors, and insomnia. Results The study findings revealed that work settings [department (F = 3.08, p = 0.006), working hours per week (t = -2.03, p = 0.043) and shift work (t = 3.66, p < 0.001)], decision latitude (r = -0.25, p < 0.001), psychological job demand (r = 0.15, p < 0.001), social support (r = -0.31, p < 0.001), and psychological capital (r = -0.40, p < 0.001) were differentially associated with insomnia experiences. This cross-sectional survey showed that psychological capital has significant mediation effects on the relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia. In the model of decision latitude - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was-0.04 (95%CI: -0.07 ~ -0.02), accounting for 50.0% of the total effect; In the model of job demands - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was 0.03 (95%CI: 0.01 ~ 0.06), accounting for 25.0% of the total effect; In the model of social support - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was -0.11 (95%CI: -0.16 ~ -0.07), accounting for 39.0% of the total effect. Conclusion Psychological capital not only had a direct effect on both occupational stressors and insomnia, but also played mediating roles in relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia. It has been suggested that nurses themselves and nursing managers should improve the psychological capital of nurses by various means to alleviate the effects of occupational stress on nurses' insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fang Wang
- Department of Nursing, Xi'an Jiaotong University City College, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Shao
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin-Yuan Zhang
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan-Fang Zhang
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Nursing, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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