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Krijger A, Schiphof-Godart L, Lanting C, Elstgeest L, Raat H, Joosten K. A lifestyle screening tool for young children in the community: needs and wishes of parents and youth healthcare professionals. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:584. [PMID: 38702743 PMCID: PMC11069244 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10997-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth healthcare has an important role in promoting a healthy lifestyle in young children in order to prevent lifestyle-related health problems. To aid youth healthcare in this task, a new lifestyle screening tool will be developed. The aim of this study was to explore how youth healthcare professionals (YHCP) could best support parents in improving their children's lifestyle using a new lifestyle screening tool for young children. METHODS We conducted four and seven focus groups among parents (N = 25) and YHCP (N = 25), respectively. Two main topics were addressed: the experiences with current practice of youth healthcare regarding lifestyle in young children, and the requirements for the lifestyle screening tool to be developed. The focus groups were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using an inductive approach. RESULTS Both parents and YHCP indicated that young children's lifestyles are often discussed during youth healthcare appointments. While parents felt that this discussion could be more in-depth, YHCP mainly needed clues to continue the discussion. According to parents and YHCP, a new lifestyle screening tool for young children should be easy to use, take little time and provide courses of action. Moreover, it should be attractive to complete and align with the family concerned. CONCLUSIONS According to parents and YHCP, a new lifestyle screening tool for young children could be useful to discuss specific lifestyle topics in more detail and to provide targeted advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Krijger
- Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Division of Paediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, PO box 2060, Rotterdam, 3000 CB, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lieke Schiphof-Godart
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caren Lanting
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, unit Healthy Living, Child Health expertise group, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Liset Elstgeest
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Reinier Academy, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Joosten
- Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Division of Paediatric Intensive Care, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, PO box 2060, Rotterdam, 3000 CB, the Netherlands.
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Chia A, Toh JY, Natarajan P, Cai S, Ong YY, Descarpentrie A, Lioret S, Bernard JY, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Godfrey KM, Tan KH, Chong YS, Eriksson JG, Chong MFF. Trajectories of lifestyle patterns from 2 to 8 years of age and cardiometabolic risk in children: the GUSTO study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:9. [PMID: 38279175 PMCID: PMC10811908 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracking combinations of lifestyle behaviours during childhood ("lifestyle pattern trajectories") can identify subgroups of children that might benefit from lifestyle interventions aiming to improve health outcomes later in life. However, studies on the critical transition period from early to middle childhood are limited. We aimed to describe lifestyle patterns trajectories in children from 2 to 8 years of age and evaluated their associations with cardiometabolic risk markers at age 8 years in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. METHODS Twelve lifestyle behaviours related to child's diet, physical activity, screen use, and sleep were ascertained using questionnaires at ages 2, 5, and 8 years. Age-specific lifestyle patterns were derived using principal component analysis and trajectories were determined using group-based multi-trajectory modelling. Child cardiometabolic risk markers were assessed at age 8 years, and associations with trajectories examined using multiple regression, adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Among 546 children, two lifestyle patterns "healthy" and "unhealthy" were observed at ages 2, 5, and 8 years separately. Three trajectory groups from 2 to 8 years were identified: consistently healthy (11%), consistently unhealthy (18%), and mixed pattern (71%). Children in the consistently unhealthy group (vs. mixed pattern) had increased odds of pre-hypertension (OR = 2.96 [95% CI 1.18-7.41]) and higher levels of diastolic blood pressure (β = 1.91 [0.27-3.55] mmHg), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (β = 0.43 [0.13-0.74]), triglycerides (β = 0.11 [0.00-0.22] mmol/L), and metabolic syndrome score (β = 0.85 [0.20-1.49]), but not with BMI z-score or any anthropometric measurements. The consistently healthy group showed no differences in cardiometabolic outcomes compared to the mixed pattern group. CONCLUSION Three distinct lifestyle pattern trajectories were identified from early to middle childhood. Children in the consistently unhealthy lifestyle group did not have a raised BMI but was associated with several elevated cardiometabolic risk markers. These findings suggest the potential benefits of initiating holistic lifestyle interventions to improve children's health and well-being from an early age. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number: NCT01174875. Name of registry: ClinicalTrials.gov. URL of registry: https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT01174875 . Date of registration: August 4, 2010. Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: June 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airu Chia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #12 - 01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
| | - Jia Ying Toh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Padmapriya Natarajan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #12 - 01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Ying Ong
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Descarpentrie
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INRAE, Paris, F-75004, France
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INRAE, Paris, F-75004, France
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INRAE, Paris, F-75004, France
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #12 - 01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Digital Health Center, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mary F-F Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #12 - 01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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Krijger A, Schiphof-Godart L, Elstgeest L, van Rossum C, Verkaik-Kloosterman J, Steenbergen E, Ter Borg S, Lanting C, van Drongelen K, Engelse O, Kindermann A, Detmar S, Frenkel C, Raat H, Joosten K. Development and evaluation study of FLY-Kids: a new lifestyle screening tool for young children. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:4749-4757. [PMID: 37580556 PMCID: PMC10587277 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating, discussing, and advising on young children's lifestyles may contribute to timely modification of unhealthy behaviour and prevention of adverse health consequences. We aimed to develop and evaluate a new lifestyle screening tool for children aged 1-3 years. The lifestyle screening tool "FLY-Kids" was developed using data from lifestyle behaviour patterns of Dutch toddlers, age-specific lifestyle recommendations, target group analyses, and a Delphi process. Through 10 items, FLY-Kids generates a dashboard with an overview of the child's lifestyle that can be used as conversation aid. FLY-Kids was completed by parents of children aged 1-3 years attending a regular youth healthcare appointment. Youth healthcare professionals (YHCP) then used the FLY-Kids dashboard to discuss lifestyle with the parents and provided tailored advice. Parents as well as YHCP evaluated the tool after use. Descriptive and correlation statistics were used to determine the usability, feasibility, and preliminary effect of FLY-Kids. Parents (N = 201) scored an average of 3.2 (out of 9, SD 1.6) unfavourable lifestyle behaviours in their children, while 3.0% complied with all recommendations. Most unfavourable behaviours were reported in unhealthy food intake and electronic screen time behaviour. Parents and YHCP regarded FLY-Kids as usable and feasible. The number of items identified by FLY-Kids as requiring attention was associated with the number of items discussed during the appointment (r = 0.47, p < 0.001). Conclusion: FLY-Kids can be used to identify unhealthy lifestyle behaviour in young children and guide the conversation about lifestyle in preventive healthcare settings. End-users rated FLY-Kids as helpful and user-friendly. What is Known: • A healthy lifestyle is important for optimal growth, development and overall health of young children (1-3 years). • Evaluating, discussing and advising on young children's lifestyles may contribute to timely modification of unhealthy behaviour and prevention of adverse health consequences. What is New: • The new lifestyle screening tool FLY-Kids generates a dashboard with an overview of young children's lifestyle that can be used as conversation aid between parents and youth healthcare professionals. • As parents and youth healthcare professionals rated FLY-Kids as helpful and user-friendly, and the number of items identified by FLY-Kids as requiring attention was associated with the number of items discussed during the appointment, FLY-Kids can be considered guiding the lifestyle discussion in preventive healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Krijger
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke Schiphof-Godart
- Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liset Elstgeest
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Reinier Academy, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline van Rossum
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Elly Steenbergen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Sovianne Ter Borg
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Caren Lanting
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Unit Healthy Living, Child Health Expertise Group, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ondine Engelse
- Dutch Knowledge Centre for Youth Health, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Angelika Kindermann
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Symone Detmar
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Unit Healthy Living, Child Health Expertise Group, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Frenkel
- Association of Dutch Infant and Dietetic Foods Industries, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Joosten
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Dalrymple KV, Vogel C, Godfrey KM, Baird J, Hanson MA, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Crozier SR. Evaluation and interpretation of latent class modelling strategies to characterise dietary trajectories across early life: a longitudinal study from the Southampton Women's Survey. Br J Nutr 2023; 129:1945-1954. [PMID: 35968701 PMCID: PMC10167664 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452200263x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in modelling longitudinal dietary data and classifying individuals into subgroups (latent classes) who follow similar trajectories over time. These trajectories could identify population groups and time points amenable to dietary interventions. This paper aimed to provide a comparison and overview of two latent class methods: group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) and growth mixture modelling (GMM). Data from 2963 mother-child dyads from the longitudinal Southampton Women's Survey were analysed. Continuous diet quality indices (DQI) were derived using principal component analysis from interviewer-administered FFQ collected in mothers pre-pregnancy, at 11- and 34-week gestation, and in offspring at 6 and 12 months and 3, 6-7 and 8-9 years. A forward modelling approach from 1 to 6 classes was used to identify the optimal number of DQI latent classes. Models were assessed using the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria, probability of class assignment, ratio of the odds of correct classification, group membership and entropy. Both methods suggested that five classes were optimal, with a strong correlation (Spearman's = 0·98) between class assignment for the two methods. The dietary trajectories were categorised as stable with horizontal lines and were defined as poor (GMM = 4 % and GBTM = 5 %), poor-medium (23 %, 23 %), medium (39 %, 39 %), medium-better (27 %, 28 %) and best (7 %, 6 %). Both GBTM and GMM are suitable for identifying dietary trajectories. GBTM is recommended as it is computationally less intensive, but results could be confirmed using GMM. The stability of the diet quality trajectories from pre-pregnancy underlines the importance of promotion of dietary improvements from preconception onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V. Dalrymple
- School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Christina Vogel
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis Baird
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
| | - Mark A. Hanson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hazel M. Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah R. Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, 2 Venture Road, Chilworth, Southampton, SO16 7NP, UK
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Describing the longitudinal breakfast quality index trajectories in early childhood: results from Melbourne InFANT program. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:363-369. [PMID: 36494475 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast quality in early childhood remains understudied. This study describes the changes in breakfast quality index (BQI) (i.e. trajectory) in early childhood and assesses its associations with obesity outcomes. METHODS Data from children who participated in the Melbourne InFANT Program were used (n = 328). The Melbourne InFANT Program was a 15-month early obesity prevention intervention conducted from 2008 to 2013. Dietary intakes at ages 1.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years were assessed using three parent-proxy reported 24 h recalls. A revised nine-item BQI tool developed based on Australian dietary recommendations for young children was used to calculate BQI scores. Group-based trajectory modelling identified BQI trajectory groups. Multivariable linear and logistic regression examined the associations between identified BQI trajectory groups and obesity outcomes at age 5 years. RESULTS Mean BQI at ages 1.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years was 4.8, 4.8, 2.7 points, respectively. Two BQI trajectory groups were identified, and both showed a decline in BQI. The mean BQI of most children (74%) decreased from 5.0 to 4.0 points from ages 1.5 to 5.0 years (referred as "High BQI" group). The remaining children (26%) had a mean BQI of 4.8 and 1.2 points at age 1.5 and 5.0 years, respectively (referred as "Low BQI" group). The "Low BQI" group appeared to show higher risk of overweight (OR:1.30, 95% CI: 0.60, 2.81, P = 0.66) at age 5 years than the "High BQI" group. No difference in body mass index (BMI) z-score was found between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Two BQI trajectory groups were identified. Both groups showed a decline in breakfast quality from ages 1.5 to 5.0 years. Our study highlights the need for early health promotion interventions and strategies to improve and maintain breakfast quality across early childhood.
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Abstract
Studying the dynamic patterns of dietary changes or stability (otherwise known as dietary trajectories) across the life course can provide important information about when and in whom to intervene with nutritional interventions. This article reviews evidence from longitudinal studies that describe dietary trajectories through the different life stages, covering early life, adolescence to young adulthood and from mid to late adulthood. Current findings suggest that the establishment of diet patterns likely occurs before 3 years of age and allude to other potential ‘windows of change’ in the life course such as the period of 7–9 years of age and during the period of adolescence and early adulthood. Examining diets using various diet parameters appears to be valuable in elucidating different aspects of the diet that can be changed to potentially alter trajectories. In adults, examining long-term diet trends at a population level can reveal shifts in eating patterns as countries undergo epidemiological and nutrition transitions and elucidate the longer-term impact of adherence to particular diets on the development of chronic diseases. While challenges such as the availability of adequate diet data points, consistency in the dietary assessment tools used and the limitations of statistical methods for trajectory modelling remain, integrating diet data with other lifestyle behaviours, high-dimensional biomarkers and genetics data into pattern analyses and examining them from a longitudinal approach, open up potential opportunities to gain deeper insights into diet–disease relationships and support the development of more holistic lifestyle disease prevention recommendations stratified for population groups.
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