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Leusciatti M, Macchi B, Marino-Merlo F, Stefanizzi V, Mastino A, Morra G, Quadrelli P. Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 Non-structural Protein 5 (NSP5) Protease by Nitrosocarbonyl-Bases Small Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:41599-41615. [PMID: 39398138 PMCID: PMC11465462 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, we have designed and synthesized potential NSP5 protease allosteric inhibitors exploiting both docking and molecular dynamic data on SARS-CoV-2. The chemical protocols were developed on the basis of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions as well as the chemistry of nitrosocarbonyl intermediates. Computational studies were first conducted for determining the best candidate for SARS-CoV-2 NSP5 protease inhibition. Selected compounds were submitted to biological tests, showing low cytotoxicity and moderate activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Leusciatti
- Department
of Chemistry, INSTM Research Unit of Pavia;
University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 10-12, Pavia 27100, Italy
- Biocomputing
Lab, SCITEC-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie
Chimiche CNR, Via Mario
Bianco 9, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Beatrice Macchi
- Department
of Chemical Science and Technology, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della ricerca scientifica 1, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Francesca Marino-Merlo
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Valeria Stefanizzi
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Antonio Mastino
- Department
of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, Italy
- The
Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Giulia Morra
- Biocomputing
Lab, SCITEC-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie
Chimiche CNR, Via Mario
Bianco 9, Milano 20131, Italy
| | - Paolo Quadrelli
- Department
of Chemistry, INSTM Research Unit of Pavia;
University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 10-12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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Moiola M, Leusciatti M, Quadrelli P. Reactions of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole[4,5- a]piridinium Salts with Alcohols: the Synthesis of Alkoxybutadienyl 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:195-199. [PMID: 32025465 PMCID: PMC6996570 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
1,2,4-Oxadiazole[4,5-a]piridinium salts add alcohols and alkoxides to undergo electrocyclic ring opening affording alkoxybutadienyl 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives. The pyridinium salts represent a special class of Zincke salts that are prone to rearrange to give alkoxybutadienyl 1,2,4-oxadiazoles when treated with suitable nucleophiles or, alternatively, to give pyridones in the presence of bicarbonate. The pivotal tuning of the experimental conditions leads to a straightforward synthesis of valuable 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives. The mechanism is also discussed in the light of previous observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Moiola
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
| | - Marco Leusciatti
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
| | - Paolo Quadrelli
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
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Carella S, Memeo MG, Quadrelli P. Electrocyclic Ring-Opening of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole[4,5- a]piridinium Chloride: a New Route to 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Dienamino Compounds. Chemistry 2019; 8:1209-1221. [PMID: 31523609 PMCID: PMC6739692 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
1,2,4‐Oxadiazole[4,5‐a]piridinium chloride adds nucleophiles to undergo electrocyclic ring opening affording 1,2,4‐oxadiazole dienamino derivatives. These pyridinium salts represent a special class of Zincke salts that are prone to rearrange when treated with primary amines or in the presence of bicarbonate to give the pyridones. The pivotal tuning of the experimental conditions leads to a straightforward synthesis of valuable 1,2,4‐oxadiazole dienamine derivatives. The mechanism is also discussed in the light of NMR experiments and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Carella
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
| | - Misal Giuseppe Memeo
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
| | - Paolo Quadrelli
- Department of Chemistry University of Pavia Viale Taramelli 12 27100 - Pavia Italy
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