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Salvadori K, Churý M, Budka J, Harvalík J, Matějka P, Šimková L, Lhoták P. Chemoselective Electrochemical Cleavage of Sulfonimides as a Direct Way to Sulfonamides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1425-1437. [PMID: 38198698 PMCID: PMC10845148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A new method for selective cleavage of sulfonimides into sulfonamides in high yields using a simple electrochemical approach is shown. As revealed by the electrochemical study, the aromatic sulfonimides can be selectively cleaved by electrolysis of the starting compound at a given potential (only -0.9 V vs SCE for the nosyl group). The high chemoselectivity was confirmed by preparative electrolysis, and the results were supported with DFT calculations of a set of substances bearing different sulfonimide functions. Moreover, various experimental setups together with other attempts to simplify the procedure were tested. Finally, the removal of the p-nosyl group from the corresponding sulfonimides proceeds smoothly regardless of the number of nosyl groups and the overall shape of the complex molecule. Thus, the method is interesting for use in the field of multifunctional molecules such as calix[n]arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolína Salvadori
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of Czech Academy
of Sciences v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology, Prague (UCTP), Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute
of Chemical Process Fundamentals of Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Churý
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, UCTP, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Budka
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, UCTP, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Harvalík
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology, Prague (UCTP), Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Matějka
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology, Prague (UCTP), Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Šimková
- J.
Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of Czech Academy
of Sciences v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Lhoták
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, UCTP, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Song Y, Xiao M, Li Z, Luo Y, Zhang K, Du X, Zhang T, Wang Z, Liang H. Degradation of antibiotics, organic matters and ammonia during secondary wastewater treatment using boron-doped diamond electro-oxidation combined with ceramic ultrafiltration. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131680. [PMID: 34365166 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a BDD electrolytic oxidation-ceramic membrane ultrafiltration (EO-CM) system for the removals of antibiotics, organic matters and ammonia in wastewater was evaluated. Sulfamethazine (SMZ) was degraded following a pseudo first-order kinetics. The removal rate of SMZ improved with the increase of electro-oxidation time (0-60 min) and current density (5-30 mA/cm2). During the BDD electro-oxidation process, H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were generated which were detected by N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) method and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) was able to be removed by EO and CM processes, in which proteins and humic acids were regarded as the main removed components measured using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) technique. Moreover, BDD electro-oxidation pretreatment could make the CM process maintain a high water flux and significantly control the membrane fouling and relieve transmembrane pollution. In addition, the removal of ammonia was enhanced with the increase of chloride ions (Cl-) in wastewater during EO process due to the generation of active chlorine (i.e., ClO-, HClO, or Cl2) from the oxidation of Cl-. Chloramine and nitrogen were produced in the oxidation of ammonia by active chlorine. Overall, the results of this study suggest that BDD EO-CM system is a promising process for removing antibiotics, organic matters and ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Mengyao Xiao
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Ziyang Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yunlong Luo
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xing Du
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Tianxiang Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhihong Wang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Li H, Jiang H, Liu C, Zhu C, Zhu XP. Electrochemical Oxidation of Sulfonamides with Boron-Doped Diamond and Pt Anodes. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1421-1428. [PMID: 31867150 PMCID: PMC6909879 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation processes usually favored specific degradation pathways depending on anode materials. In this work, a series of sulfonamides (SNs) were degraded by electrochemical oxidation. Compared to Pt anodes (0.1567–0.1795 h−1), degradation rates of SNs were much higher at boron‐doped diamond (BDD) anodes (2.4290–13.1950 h−1). However, the same intermediates were detected in the two anode systems. Due to the strong oxidizing ability of BDD anodes, a large amount of intermediates with high toxicities were initially generated and then finally reduced in the BDD anode systems, while the amount of intermediates continuously increased in the Pt anode systems. Additionally, SNs were degraded faster in Na2SO4 than NaH2PO4 electrolytes at BDD anodes, while they were similar at Pt anodes. This study demonstrated that the degradation pathways of SNs at BDD and Pt anodes were similar, but the evolutions of intermediate amounts and toxicities were different due to their varied oxidizing abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongna Li
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Environmental Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 P.R. China
| | - Chong Liu
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China
| | - Changxiong Zhu
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China
| | - Xiuping P Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
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