Conjoint use of Naphthalene Diimide and Fullerene Derivatives to Generate Organic Semiconductors for n-type Organic Thin Film Transistors

Naphthalene and its Derivatives: Efficient Fluorescence Probes for Detecting and Imaging Purposes

Naphthalene, white crystalline solid having polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with characteristic mothball order is naturally present in crucial oils of various plants. Naphthalene derivatives are extensive drug resources and are use as wetting agents, surfactants and as insecticides. These derivatives exhibit unique photo physical and chemical properties. These characteristics make them the most studied group of organic compounds. Naphthalene dyes have rigid plane and large π-electron conjugation. Therefor they have high quantum yield and excellent photostability. Naphthalene based fluorescence probes due to hydrophobic nature exhibit excellent sensing and selectivity properties towards anions and cations and also used as a part of target biomolecules. In conjugated probe system, introducing naphthalene moiety caused improvement in photo-stability. Therefore among various conjugated framework, naphthalene derivatives are considered excellent candidate for the construction of organic electronic appliances. These derivatives are useful for a variety of applications owing to their strong fluorescence, electroactivity and photostability. This article is based upon investigation of photophysical properties of naphthalene derivatives and fluorescence detecting probe of naphthalene. For photophysical properties the techniques under investigation are UV visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Concentration dependent spectra and solvatochromic shifts on UV visible spectra are also part of discussion.

Naphthalene diimides: perspectives and promise

In this review, we describe the developments in the field of naphthalene diimides (NDIs) from 2016 to the presentday. NDIs are shown to be an increasingly interesting class of molecules due to their electronic properties, large electron deficient aromatic cores and tendency to self-assemble into functional structures. Almost all NDIs possess high electron affinity, good charge carrier mobility, and excellent thermal and oxidative stability, making them promising candidates for applications in organic electronics, photovoltaic devices, and flexible displays. NDIs have also been extensively studied due to their potential real-world uses across a wide variety of applications including supramolecular chemistry, sensing, host-guest complexes for molecular switching devices, such as catenanes and rotaxanes, ion-channels, catalysis, and medicine and as non-fullerene accepters in solar cells. In recent years, NDI research with respect to supramolecular assemblies and mechanoluminescent properties has also gained considerable traction. Thus, this review will assist a wide range of readers and researchers including chemists, physicists, biologists, medicinal chemists and materials scientists in understanding the scope for development and applicability of NDI dyes in their respective fields through a discussion of the main properties of NDI derivatives and of the status of emerging applications.