Oligo-glycerol based non-ionic amphiphilic nanocarriers for lipase mediated controlled drug release

A new series of oligo-glycerol based amphiphiles have been synthesized for drug delivery.

Exploring hydrophobic diastereomeric 2,6-anhydro-glycoheptitols for their enzymatic polymerization with PEG: towards delivery applications

Two sugar PEG-based amphiphilic copolymers have been synthesized by Novozym®-435-catalyzed greener solvent free transesterification reaction of diastereomeric 2,6-anhydro-glucoheptitol and 2,6-anhydro-mannoheptitol with PEG-1000 diethyl ester.

Fabrication of nanostructures through self-assembly of non-ionic amphiphiles for biomedical applications

Non-cytotoxic and non-ionic amphiphiles having supramolecular aggregation behavior were synthesized from biocompatible starting materials using a “greener” chemo-enzymatic method.

Lipase-mediated synthesis of sugar–PEG-based amphiphiles for encapsulation and stabilization of indocyanine green

Bio-catalytically synthesized sugar–PEG-based copolymers form stable micelles in an aqueous medium. These micelles from amphiphilic copolymer are able to efficiently solubilize and stabilize indocyanine green dye (ICG) under physiological conditions.

Synthesis of Dendronized Poly(l-Glutamate) via Azide-Alkyne Click Chemistry

Poly(l-glutamate) (PGlu) was modified with a second-generation dendron to obtain the dendronized polyglutamate, P(Glu-D). Synthesized P(Glu-D) exhibited a degree of polymerization (DP_n) of 46 and a 43% degree of dendronization. Perfect agreement was found between the P(Glu-D) expected structure and the results of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and size-exclusion chromatography coupled to a multi-angle light-scattering detector (SEC-MALS) analysis. The PGlu precursor was modified by coupling with a bifunctional building block (N₃-Pr-NH₂) in the presence of 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) coupling reagent. The second-generation polyamide dendron was prepared by a stepwise procedure involving the coupling of propargylamine to the l-lysine carboxyl group, followed by attaching the protected 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) building block to the l-lysine amino groups. The hydroxyl groups of the resulting second-generation dendron were quantitatively deprotected under mild acidic conditions. The deprotected dendron with an acetylene focal group was coupled to the pendant azide groups of the modified linear copolypeptide, P(Glu-N₃), in a Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction to form a 1,4-disubstituted triazole. The dendronization reaction proceeded quantitatively in 48 hours in aqueous medium as confirmed by ¹H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy.

Synthesis of macromolecular systems via lipase catalyzed biocatalytic reactions: applications and future perspectives

This review highlights the application of lipases in the synthesis of pharmaceutically important small molecules and polymers for diverse applications.

Recent advances in click chemistry applied to dendrimer synthesis

Dendrimers are monodisperse polymers grown in a fractal manner from a central point. They are poised to become the cornerstone of nanoscale devices in several fields, ranging from biomedicine to light-harvesting. Technical difficulties in obtaining these molecules has slowed their transfer from academia to industry. In 2001, the arrival of the "click chemistry" concept gave the field a major boost. The flagship reaction, a modified Hüisgen cycloaddition, allowed researchers greater freedom in designing and building dendrimers. In the last five years, advances in click chemistry saw a wider use of other click reactions and a notable increase in the complexity of the reported structures. This review covers key developments in the click chemistry field applied to dendrimer synthesis from 2010 to 2015. Even though this is an expert review, basic notions and references have been included to help newcomers to the field.

Self-assembly, photoresponsive behavior and transport potential of azobenzene grafted dendronized polymeric amphiphiles

An azobenzene based light responsive polymeric system was developed to study the transport potential and photo-controlled release of encapsulated guests.