Chelated palladium nanoparticles on the surface of plasma-treated polyethersulfone membrane for an efficient catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol

Efficient catalytic activity of novel fluorescent polyimide embedded Ag and V2O5 nanoparticles towards the removal of hazardous pollutants

A novel fluorescent polyimide (PI) made up of perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDAH) and p-phenylenediamine (PPDA) was prepared with or without Ag and V₂O₅ nanoparticles at 160 °C for 5 h under N₂ atmosphere with vigorous stirring. The influence of nanomaterials on the rate of polymerization (R_p) was determined. The synthesized PI and PI nanocomposites were characterized to analyse their chemical functionality (FT-IR), surface morphology (FE-SEM) and thermal properties (DSC and TGA). The catalytic reduction of Cr (VI), p-nitrophenol (NP) and rhodamine6G (R6G) dye was analysed using the prepared PI and PI nanocomposites as a catalyst. It was found that the R_p of PI nanocomposites was higher than pristine PI system. The PI/Ag nanocomposite system exhibited higher degradation temperature (T_d) and apparent rate constant (k_app) values towards the reduction of R6G dye.

Recent Development of Polyolefin-Based Microporous Separators for Li-Ion Batteries: A Review

Secondary Li-ion batteries have been paid attention to wide-range applications of power source for the portable electronics, electric vehicle, and electric storage reservoir. Generally, lithium-ion batteries are comprised of four components including anode, cathode, electrolyte and separator. Although separators do not take part in the electrochemical reactions in a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, they conduct the critical functions of physically separating the positive and negative electrodes to prevent electrical short circuit while permitting the free flow of lithium ions through the liquid electrolyte that fill in their open porous structure. Hence, the separator is directly related to the safety and the power performance of the battery. Among a number of separators developed thus far, polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) porous membrane separators have been the most dominant ones for commercial Li-ion batteries over the decades because of their superior properties such as cost-efficiency, good mechanical strength and pore structure, electrochemical stability, and thermal shutdown properties. However, there are main issues for vehicular storage, such as nonpolarity, low surface energy and poor thermal stability, although the polyolefin separators have proven dependable in portable applications. Hence, in this review, we decide to provide an overview of the types of polyolefin microporous separators utilized in Li-ion batteries and the methods employed to modify their surface in detail. The remarkable results demonstrate that extraordinary properties can be exhibited by mono- and multilayer polyolefin separators if they are modified using suitable methods and materials.