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Wei L, Wang L, Cui Z, Liu Y, Du A. Multifunctional Applications of Ionic Liquids in Polymer Materials: A Brief Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093836. [PMID: 37175245 PMCID: PMC10180292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a new generation of green media and functional materials, ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively investigated in scientific and industrial communities, which have found numerous ap-plications in polymeric materials. On the one hand, much of the research has determined that ILs can be applied to modify polymers which use nanofillers such as carbon black, silica, graphene oxide, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, etc., toward the fabrication of high-performance polymer composites. On the other hand, ILs were extensively reported to be utilized to fabricate polymeric materials with improved thermal stability, thermal and electrical conductivity, etc. Despite substantial progress in these areas, summary and discussion of state-of-the-art functionalities and underlying mechanisms of ILs are still inadequate. In this review, a comprehensive introduction of various fillers modified by ILs precedes a systematic summary of the multifunctional applications of ILs in polymeric materials, emphasizing the effect on vulcanization, thermal stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, selective permeability, electromagnetic shielding, piezoresistive sensitivity and electrochemical activity. Overall, this review in this area is intended to provide a fundamental understanding of ILs within a polymer context based on advantages and disadvantages, to help researchers expand ideas on the promising applications of ILs in polymer fabrication with enormous potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wei
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Ziwen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Aihua Du
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Wang L, Pan Y, Chen Y, Qiu J, Du A, Han D, Wang C. Influence of the Synergistic Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Fibers in the Rubber Matrix on the Friction and Wear of Metals during the Mixing Process. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183731. [PMID: 36145877 PMCID: PMC9502179 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a piece of high-intensity running equipment, the wear of an internal mixer determines the quality of rubber and its life. In general, the wear of an internal mixer is caused by the friction between the rubber and metal during the mixing process, and the most severe wear position is the end face of the equipment. In this paper, a mixture of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon fibers (CFs) are added to rubber by mechanical compounding to obtain MWCNT/CF/carbon black (CB) composites. By investigating the synergistic mechanism of MWCNTs and CFs, we analyze the effect of the MWCNT/CF ratio on the frictional wear of metal on the end face of the internal mixer. At the microscopic level, MWCNTs and CFs form a spatial meshwork with CB particles through synergistic interactions. The CB particles can be adsorbed on the spatial meshwork to promote the dispersion of CB particles. In addition, the formation of oil film can be slowed down due to the spatial meshwork, which could hinder the spillage of aromatic oil. Meanwhile, the spatial meshwork serves as a physical isolation layer between the rubber and metal to reduce friction. Therefore, it dramatically impacts the dispersion degree of CB particles, the friction coefficient, the roughness of the surface, and the wear of metal. It shows that the synergistic effect of MWCNT/CF and CB particles is best when the CF content of the rubber matrix is 5 phr, showing the most stable spatial network structure, the best dispersion of CB particles, and minor wear on the end face of the internal mixer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yi Pan
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266061, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266061, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266061, China
| | - Aihua Du
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Deshang Han
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266061, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Tire Equipment and Key Materials, Qingdao 266061, China
- Correspondence: (D.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Chuansheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266061, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Tire Equipment and Key Materials, Qingdao 266061, China
- Correspondence: (D.H.); (C.W.)
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Yan G, Han D, Li L. Effect of synergy between pyrolysis carbon black and carbon nanofibers on composite properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yan
- College of Electromechanical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Deshang Han
- College of Electromechanical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Tire Equipment and Key Materials Qingdao China
| | - Li Li
- College of Electromechanical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Tire Equipment and Key Materials Qingdao China
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Jung J, Sodano HA. Synergetic effect of aramid nanofiber‐graphene oxide hybrid filler on the properties of rubber compounds for tire tread application. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Jung
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
- R&D Center Hankook Tire and Technology Co., Ltd Daejeon South Korea
| | - Henry A. Sodano
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
- Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
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Development of High-Sensitivity Electrically Conductive Composite Elements by Press Molding of Polymer and Carbon Nanofibers. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13020170. [PMID: 35208295 PMCID: PMC8876551 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have various excellent properties, such as high tensile strength, electric conductivity and current density resistance, and thus have great application potential in electrical sensor development. In this research, electrically conductive composite elements using CNFs sandwiched by thermoplastic olefin (TPO) substrates were developed by press molding. The metal mold used for press molding was processed by a femtosecond laser to generate laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the mold surface. The aggregate of CNFs was then flexibly fixed by the LIPSSs imprinted on the TPO substrate surface to produce a wavy conductive path of CNFs. The developed composite elements exhibited a sharp increase in electrical resistance as strain increased. A high gauge factor of over 47 was achieved, which demonstrates high sensitivity against strain when the composite element is used as a strain gauge. Scanning electron microscope observation revealed that the TPO filled the spaces in the aggregate of CNFs after press molding, and the conductive path was extended by the tensile strain. The strain-induced dynamic changes of contact states of CNFs and CNFs networks are discussed based on the electrical performance measurement and cross-sectional observation of the elements. This research provides a new approach to the production of flexible and high sensitivity strain sensors.
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Luangchuang P, Chueangchayaphan N, Sulaiman MA, Chueangchayaphan W. High permittivity ceramics-filled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites: influence of acrylonitrile content and ceramic type. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Szadkowski B, Marzec A, Rybiński P. Silane Treatment as an Effective Way of Improving the Reinforcing Activity of Carbon Nanofibers in Nitrile Rubber Composites. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13163481. [PMID: 32784574 PMCID: PMC7475892 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two different silane treatment methods were used to improve the reinforcing activity of carbon nanofibers (CNF) in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The first method was chemical silanization with [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane (APTS) in ethanol solution, preceded by oxidation of the CNF with H2SO4/HNO3. The second method was direct incorporation of silanes during preparation of the composites (in-situ silanization). Three different silane coupling agents were used: [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTS), and 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane (UPTS). The NBR composites were prepared in an internal laboratory mixer, with increasing concentrations of pure or modified CNF. The crosslink density and flammability of the NBR-filled composites were analyzed, as well as their rheological and mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity of the composites was measured to assess the formation of CNF networks in the elastomer matrix. The morphology of the CNF was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both the dispersion of the CNF in the NBR matrix and the polymer-filler interactions were improved following silane modification, as shown in SEM images and by the Payne Effect. The composites were also found to have enhanced moduli, tensile strength, hardness, damping, and electrical conductivity. Chemical treatment proved to be more effective at improving the reinforcing effect of CNF in the elastomer matrix than in-situ silanization. The results of this study demonstrate the great potential of both in-situ and chemical silanization for the preparation of reinforced polymer composites filled with CNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolesław Szadkowski
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Marzec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Rybiński
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Żeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, Poland;
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Kostromina N, Zawoo H, Osipchik V, Kravchenko T, Yakovleva K, Baranova M, Mezhuev Y. The Influence of the Geometric Shape of Carbon Nanoparticles on the Strength Properties of Nanocomposite Materials Obtained by Filling an Epoxy Matrix. J MACROMOL SCI B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2020.1779449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Kostromina
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hlaing Zawoo
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Osipchik
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Kravchenko
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ksenia Yakovleva
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita Baranova
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- D. Mendeleev, University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Reinforcement of Natural Rubber Latex Using Jute Carboxycellulose Nanofibers Extracted Using Nitro-Oxidation Method. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040706. [PMID: 32276461 PMCID: PMC7221719 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic rubber produced from nonrenewable fossil fuel requires high energy costs and is dependent on the presumed unstable petroleum price. Natural rubber latex (NRL) is one of the major alternative sustainable rubber sources since it is derived from the plant ‘Hevea brasiliensis’. Our study focuses on integrating sustainably processed carboxycellulose nanofibers from untreated jute biomass into NRL to enhance the mechanical strength of the material for various applications. The carboxycellulose nanofibers (NOCNF) having carboxyl content of 0.94 mmol/g was prepared and integrated into its nonionic form (–COONa) for its higher dispersion in water to increase the interfacial interaction between NRL and NOCNF. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses of NOCNF showed the average dimensions of nanofibers were length (L) = 524 ± 203 nm, diameter (D) 7 ± 2 nm and thickness 2.9 nm. Furthermore, fourier transform infra-red spectrometry (FTIR) analysis of NOCNF depicted the presence of carboxyl group. However, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement of NRL demonstrated an effective diameter in the range of 643 nm with polydispersity of 0.005. Tensile mechanical strengths were tested to observe the enhancement effects at various concentrations of NOCNF in the NRL. Mechanical properties of NRL/NOCNF films were determined by tensile testing, where the results showed an increasing trend of enhancement. With the increasing NOCNF concentration, the film modulus was found to increase quite substantially, but the elongation-to-break ratio decreased drastically. The presence of NOCNF changed the NRL film from elastic to brittle. However, at the NOCNF overlap concentration (0.2 wt. %), the film modulus seemed to be the highest.
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Evaluation of cure characteristic, physico‐mechanical, and dielectric properties of calcium copper titanate filled acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber composites: Effect of calcium copper titanate loading. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Xu YC, Zhang QP, Liu JH, Wu Y, Liu LP, Xu DG, Zhou YL. PbWO4 nanofibers for shielding gamma radiation: crystal growth, morphology and performance evaluation. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01224e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Assembling anisotropic structures with versatility such as good thermal conductivity and mechanical loading for radiation shielding has recently attracted widespread attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Quan-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Jun-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - You Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Dui-Gong Xu
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
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