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Li M, Chen K, Zhang D, Ye Z, Yang Z, Wang Q, Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Shang Y, Cao A. Wet-Spinning Carbon Nanotube/Shape Memory Polymer Composite Fibers with High Actuation Stress and Predesigned Shape Change. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404913. [PMID: 39119888 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Actuators based on shape memory polymers and composites incorporating nanomaterial additives have been extensively studied; achieving both high output stress and precise shape change by low-cost, scalable methods is a long-term-desired yet challenging task. Here, conventional polymers (polyurea) and carbon nanotube (CNT) fillers are combined to fabricate reinforced composite fibers with exceptional actuation performance, by a wet-spinning method amenable for continuous production. It is found that a thermal-induced shrinkage step could obtain densified strong fibers, and the presence of CNTs effectively promotes the tensile orientation of polymer molecular chains, leading to much improved mechanical properties. Consequently, the CNT/ polyurea composite fibers exhibit stresses as high as 33 MPa within 0.36 s during thermal actuation, and stresses up to 22 MPa upon electrical stimulation enabled by the built-in conductive CNT networks. Utilizing the flexible thin fibers, various shape change behavior are also demonstrated including the conversion between different structures/curvatures, and recovery of predefined simple patterns. This high-performance composite fibers, capable of both thermal and electrical actuation and produced by low-cost materials and fabrication process, may find many potential applications in wearable devices, robotics, and biomedical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ziming Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zifan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhifan Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yingjiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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da Silva MM, Proença MP, Covas JA, Paiva MC. Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Carbon Nanotube Composites. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:748. [PMID: 38930718 PMCID: PMC11205355 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
For the past two decades, researchers have been exploring the potential benefits of combining shape-memory polymers (SMP) with carbon nanotubes (CNT). By incorporating CNT as reinforcement in SMP, they have aimed to enhance the mechanical properties and improve shape fixity. However, the remarkable intrinsic properties of CNT have also opened up new paths for actuation mechanisms, including electro- and photo-thermal responses. This opens up possibilities for developing soft actuators that could lead to technological advancements in areas such as tissue engineering and soft robotics. SMP/CNT composites offer numerous advantages, including fast actuation, remote control, performance in challenging environments, complex shape deformations, and multifunctionality. This review provides an in-depth overview of the research conducted over the past few years on the production of SMP/CNT composites with both thermoset and thermoplastic matrices, with a focus on the unique contributions of CNT to the nanocomposite's response to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins da Silva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Mariana Paiva Proença
- ISOM and Departamento de Electrónica Física, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ava. Complutense 30, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José António Covas
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Maria C. Paiva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
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Sun Y, Teng J, Kuang Y, Yang S, Yang J, Mao H, Gu Z. Electroactive shape memory polyurethane composites reinforced with octadecyl isocyanate-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:964080. [PMID: 35910020 PMCID: PMC9337269 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.964080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have a wide range of potential applications in many fields. In particular, electrically driven SMPs have attracted increasing attention due to their unique electrical deformation behaviors. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are often used as SMP conductive fillers because of their excellent electrical conductivities. However, raw CNTs do not disperse into the polymer matrix well. This strictly limits their use. In this study, to improve their dispersion performance characteristics in the polymer matrix, hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-OHs) were functionalized with octadecyl isocyanate (i-MWCNTs). Polyurethane with shape memory properties (SMPU) was synthesized using polycaprolactone diol (PCL-diol), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) at a 1:5:4 ratio. Then, electroactive shape memory composites were developed by blending SMPU with i-MWCNTs to produce SMPU/i-MWCNTs. The functionalized i-MWCNTs exhibited better dispersibility characteristics in organic solvents and SMPU composites than the MWCNT-OHs. The addition of i-MWCNTs reduced the crystallinity of SMPU without affecting the original chemical structure. In addition, the hydrogen bond index and melting temperature of the SMPU soft segment decreased significantly, and the thermal decomposition temperatures of the composites increased. The SMPU/i-MWCNT composites exhibited conductivity when the i-MWCNT content was 0.5 wt%. This conductivity increased with the i-MWCNT content. In addition, when the i-MWCNT content exceeded 1 wt%, the composite temperature could increase beyond 60°C within 140 s and the temporary structure could be restored to its initial state within 120 s using a voltage of 30 eV. Therefore, the functionalized CNTs exhibit excellent potential for use in the development of electroactive shape memory composites, which may be used in flexible electronics and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Sun
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiachi Teng
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Kuang
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Shengxiang Yang
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Jiquan Yang
- Nanjing Industry Institute for Advanced Intelligent Equipment, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli Mao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Mao,
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
- NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Nanjing, China
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Moghim MH, Zebarjad SM, Eqra R. Effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on magneto-responsive shape memory behavior of polyurethane-carbon nanotube nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Teymouri M, Kokabi M, Alamdarnejad G. Conductive shape‐memory polyurethane/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposite aerogels. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Teymouri
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares University P.O. Box 14115‐114 Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehrdad Kokabi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares University P.O. Box 14115‐114 Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Alamdarnejad
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares University P.O. Box 14115‐114 Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
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Panahi-Sarmad M, Abrisham M, Noroozi M, Amirkiai A, Dehghan P, Goodarzi V, Zahiri B. Deep focusing on the role of microstructures in shape memory properties of polymer composites: A critical review. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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