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Kopp L, Garner M, Priest K. Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Rabbit. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 61:100892. [PMID: 38972503 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
A geriatric Holland Lop rabbit presented for acute lameness. A pathologic fracture of the right distal femur associated with a pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma was diagnosed, and staging radiographs showed no overt metastasis upon initial presentation. The limb was amputated and submitted for microscopic examination. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed the neoplastic cells were positive for desmin and MyoD1, and negative for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, CD204, IBA-1, and SMA. Gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient died 396 days after amputation, and a post-mortem examination showed metastatic sarcoma to multiple organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Kopp
- Priest Lake Veterinary Hospital, 2445 Morris Gentry Blvd, Nashville, TN 37013, USA.
| | - Michael Garner
- Northwest ZooPath, 654 West Main Street, Monroe, WA 98272, USA
| | - Kara Priest
- Idexx Laboratories, 1 Idexx Dr, Westbrook, ME 04092, USA
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Panaccione A, Zhang Y, Mi Y, Mitani Y, Yan G, Prasad ML, McDonald WH, El-Naggar AK, Yarbrough WG, Ivanov SV. Chromosomal abnormalities and molecular landscape of metastasizing mucinous salivary adenocarcinoma. Oral Oncol 2017; 66:38-45. [PMID: 28249646 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland (MAC) is a lethal cancer with unknown molecular etiology and a high propensity to lymph node metastasis. Mostly due to its orphan status, MAC remains one of the least explored cancers that lacks cell lines and mouse models that could help translational and pre-clinical studies. Surgery with or without radiation remains the only treatment modality but poor overall survival (10-year, 44%) underscores the urgent need for mechanism-based therapies. METHODS We developed the first patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model for pre-clinical MAC studies and a cell line that produces aggressively growing tumors after subcutaneous injection into nude mice. We performed cytogenetic, exome, and proteomic profiling of MAC to identify driving mutations, therapeutic targets, and pathways involved in aggressive cancers based on TCGA database mining and GEO analysis. RESULTS We identified in MAC KRAS (G13D) and TP53 (R213X) mutations that have been previously reported as drivers in a variety of highly aggressive cancers. Somatic mutations were also found in KDM6A, KMT2D, and other genes frequently mutated in colorectal and other cancers: FAT1, NBEA, RELN, RLP1B, and ZFHX3. Proteomic analysis of MAC implied epigenetic up-regulation of a genetic program involved in proliferation and cancer stem cell maintenance. CONCLUSION Genomic and proteomic analyses provided the first insight into potential molecular drivers of MAC metastases pointing at common mechanisms of CSC propagation in aggressive cancers. The in vitro/in vivo models that we created should aid in the development and validation of new treatment strategies against MAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Panaccione
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yanfang Mi
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yoshitsugu Mitani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guo Yan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Manju L Prasad
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - W Hayes McDonald
- Proteomics Laboratory, Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adel K El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wendell G Yarbrough
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; H&N Disease Center, Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA; Molecular Virology Program, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sergey V Ivanov
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 789 Howard Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
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Zanola A, Rossi S, Faggi F, Monti E, Fanzani A. Rhabdomyosarcomas: an overview on the experimental animal models. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1377-91. [PMID: 22225829 PMCID: PMC3823208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01518.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are aggressive childhood soft-tissue malignancies deriving from mesenchymal progenitors that are committed to muscle-specific lineages. Despite the histopathological signatures associated with three main histological variants, termed embryonal, alveolar and pleomorphic, a plethora of genetic and molecular changes are recognized in RMS. Over the years, exposure to carcinogens or ionizing radiations and gene-targeting approaches in vivo have greatly contributed to disclose some of the mechanisms underlying RMS onset. In this review, we describe the principal distinct features associated with RMS variants and focus on the current available experimental animal models to point out the molecular determinants cooperating with RMS development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zanola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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