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Li D, Hao Z, Nan Y, Chen Y. Role of long pentraxin PTX3 in cancer. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4401-4411. [PMID: 37438568 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become a leading cause of death and disease burden worldwide, closely related to rapid socioeconomic development. However, the fundamental reason is the lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of cancer, accurate identification of preclinical cancer, and effective treatment of the disease. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to study specific mechanisms of cancer and develop effective prediction and treatment methods. Long Pentraxin PTX3 is a soluble pattern recognition molecule produced by various cells in inflammatory sites, which plays a role as a promoter or suppressor of cancer in multiple tumors through participating in innate immune response, neovascularization, energy metabolism, invasion, and metastasis mechanisms. Based on this, this article mainly reviews the role of PTX3 in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Zhaozhao Hao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yandong Nan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
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2
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Matthiesen R, Gameiro P, Henriques A, Bodo C, Moraes MCS, Costa-Silva B, Cabeçadas J, Gomes da Silva M, Beck HC, Carvalho AS. Extracellular Vesicles in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: Characterization and Diagnostic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13327. [PMID: 36362114 PMCID: PMC9654702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B cell lymphoma characterized by a heterogeneous behavior and in need of more accurate biological characterization monitoring and prognostic tools. Extracellular vesicles are secreted by all cell types and are currently established to some extent as representatives of the cell of origin. The present study characterized and evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) proteome in DLBCL by using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry. The EV proteome is strongly affected by DLBCL status, with multiple proteins uniquely identified in the plasma of DLBCL. A proof-of-concept classifier resulted in highly accurate classification with a sensitivity and specificity of 1 when tested on the holdout test data set. On the other hand, no proteins were identified to correlate with non-germinal center B-cell like (non-GCB) or GCB subtypes to a significant degree after correction for multiple testing. However, functional analysis suggested that antigen binding is regulated when comparing non-GCB and GCB. Survival analysis based on protein quantitative values and clinical parameters identified multiple EV proteins as significantly correlated to survival. In conclusion, the plasma extracellular vesicle proteome identifies DLBCL cancer patients from healthy donors and contains potential EV protein markers for prediction of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Matthiesen
- Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Gameiro
- Instituto Português de Oncologia, Departament of Hematology, 1099-213 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Henriques
- Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristian Bodo
- Champalimaud Physiology and Cancer Programme, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Champalimaud Physiology and Cancer Programme, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Cabeçadas
- Instituto Português de Oncologia, Departament of Hematology, 1099-213 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Gomes da Silva
- Instituto Português de Oncologia, Departament of Hematology, 1099-213 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hans Christian Beck
- Centre for Clinical Proteomics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Ana Sofia Carvalho
- Computational and Experimental Biology Group, NOVA Medical School-Research, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Molecular insight into pentraxin-3: update advances in innate immunity, inflammation, tissue remodeling, diseases, and drug role. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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4
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Yu Z, Yang H, Song K, Fu P, Shen J, Xu M, Xu H. Construction of an immune-related gene signature for the prognosis and diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme. Front Oncol 2022; 12:938679. [PMID: 35982954 PMCID: PMC9379258 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.938679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has suggested that inflammation is related to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the roles of immune-related genes in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remain to be studied. Methods The GBM-related RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), survival, and clinical data were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Immune-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Differently expressed immune-related genes (DE-IRGs) between GBM and normal samples were identified. Prognostic genes associated with GBM were selected by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox regression analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis. An immune-related gene signature was developed and validated in TCGA and CGGA databases separately. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to explore biological functions of the signature. The correlation between immune cell infiltration and the signature was analyzed by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and the diagnostic value was investigated. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the potential function of the signature genes in GBM, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Results Three DE-IRGs [Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), TNFSF9, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)] were used to construct an immune-related gene signature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Cox analyses confirmed that the 3-gene-based prognostic signature was a good independent prognostic factor for GBM patients. We found that the signature was mainly involved in immune-related biological processes and pathways, and multiple immune cells were disordered between the high- and low-risk groups. GSEA suggested that PTX3 and TNFSF9 were mainly correlated with interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and the PPI network indicated that they could interact directly or indirectly with inflammatory pathway proteins. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) indicated that the three genes were significantly different between target tissues. Conclusion The signature with three immune-related genes might be an independent prognostic factor for GBM patients and could be associated with the immune cell infiltration of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongzhi Xu,
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Ronca R, Taranto S, Corsini M, Tobia C, Ravelli C, Rezzola S, Belleri M, De Cillis F, Cattaneo A, Presta M, Giacomini A. Pentraxin 3 Inhibits the Angiogenic Potential of Multiple Myeloma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092255. [PMID: 34066669 PMCID: PMC8125855 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis represents a key aspect in the progression of multiple myeloma (MM) and is strictly linked to the balance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic players produced by both neoplastic and stromal components. It has been shown that Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) play a pivotal role in the angiogenic switch occurring during MM progression. Accordingly, the natural FGF antagonist Long Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is able to reduce the activation of BM stromal components induced by FGFs. This work explores, for the first time, the anti-angiogenic role of PTX3 produced by MM cells demonstrating that the inducible expression of PTX3 is able to impair MM neovascularization, the onset of a proficient BM vascular niche and, ultimately, to impair tumor growth and dissemination. Abstract During multiple myeloma (MM) progression the activation of the angiogenic process represents a key step for the formation of the vascular niche, where different stromal components and neoplastic cells collaborate and foster tumor growth. Among the different pro-angiogenic players, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) plays a pivotal role in BM vascularization occurring during MM progression. Long Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a natural FGF antagonist, is able to reduce the activation of stromal components promoted by FGF2 in various in vitro models. An increased FGF/PTX3 ratio has also been found to occur during MM evolution, suggesting that restoring the “physiological” FGF/PTX3 ratio in plasma cells and BM stromal cells (BMSCs) might impact MM. In this work, taking advantage of PTX3-inducible human MM models, we show that PTX3 produced by tumor cells is able to restore a balanced FGF/PTX3 ratio sufficient to prevent the activation of the FGF/FGFR system in endothelial cells and to reduce the angiogenic capacity of MM cells in different in vivo models. As a result of this anti-angiogenic activity, PTX3 overexpression causes a significant reduction of the tumor burden in both subcutaneously grafted and systemic MM models. These data pave the way for the exploitation of PTX3-derived anti-angiogenic approaches in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ronca
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Sara Taranto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Michela Corsini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Chiara Tobia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Cosetta Ravelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirella Belleri
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Floriana De Cillis
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (F.D.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (F.D.C.); (A.C.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Presta
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Arianna Giacomini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (C.T.); (C.R.); (S.R.); (M.B.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (A.G.)
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Yeni M, Korkut E, Aksungur N, Kara S, Askin S, Kartal M. Determination of Pentraxin-3, Interleukin-8 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels in Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1507-1512. [PMID: 34048179 PMCID: PMC8408411 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.5.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM The purpose of this study was to determine the value, in terms of diagnosis, resectability and prognosis of pentraxin-3 (PTX3), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cases of gastric adenocarcinoma, an important condition both worldwide and in Turkey, and to determine their levels in order to contribute to elucidating the pathogenesis of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum was separated from blood specimens collected from 45 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma and from a 30-member healthy control group. Serum PTX3, IL-8 and VEGF levels were studied by ELISA method. RESULTS Serum PTX3 values differed significantly between the patient group and the control group (p <0.05). Serum IL-8 values also differed significantly between the patient group and the control group (p <0.05). A significant difference was also observed between serum VEGF values in the patient group and the control group (p <0.05). Significant correlation was determined between serum PTX3 and VEGF (p <0.01; r=0.833), between serum PTX3 and IL-8 (p <0.01; r=0.818), and between serum VEGF and IL-8 (p <0.01; r=0.803), measurements when the entire study population was evaluated irrespectively of groups. CONCLUSION Serum PTX3, IL-8 and VEGF levels decreased in cases of gastric adenocarcinoma compared to the control group, and their levels affected one another.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yeni
- General Surgery Clinic, Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ercan Korkut
- Department of General Surgery, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurhak Aksungur
- Department of General Surgery, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Salih Kara
- General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seda Askin
- Department of Biochemistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Kartal
- Department of General Surgery, Erzurum Regional Training Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
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7
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Lamanuzzi A, Saltarella I, Frassanito MA, Ribatti D, Melaccio A, Desantis V, Solimando AG, Ria R, Vacca A. Thrombopoietin Promotes Angiogenesis and Disease Progression in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:748-758. [PMID: 33516787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) progression closely depends on bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis. Several factors sustain angiogenesis, including cytokines, growth factors, and cell-to-cell interactions. Herein, BM thrombopoietin (TPO) was shown to support angiogenesis and disease progression in MM. Patients with MM at different progression phases had higher levels of BM and circulating TPO than monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance/smoldering MM patients, suggesting that TPO correlates with disease progression and prognosis. Endothelial cells from patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGECs) and endothelial cells from MM (MMECs) expressed TPO receptor, and the TPO treatment triggered their angiogenic capabilities in vitro. Indeed, TPO-treated MGECs and MMECs showed enhanced angiogenesis on Matrigel and spontaneous cell migration and chemotaxis by acting as a chemotactic agent. TPO also had an angiogenic activity in vivo in the chorioallantoic membrane assay system. Finally, TPO treatment increased the release of active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2 in MGECs and of MMP-2 in MMECs and affected the balance between angiogenic/antiangiogenic factors in the MM BM. Our results support the angiogenic activity of TPO, and suggest that it may have a critical role in promoting the angiogenic switch during MM progression. Accordingly, TPO may be envisaged as a new angiogenic and prognostic factor in patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria A Frassanito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of General Pathology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Assunta Melaccio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio G Solimando
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Ria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
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8
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Wang Z, Wang X, Zou H, Dai Z, Feng S, Zhang M, Xiao G, Liu Z, Cheng Q. The Basic Characteristics of the Pentraxin Family and Their Functions in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1757. [PMID: 33013829 PMCID: PMC7461825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pentraxin is a superfamily of proteins with the same domain known as the pentraxin domain at C-terminal. This family has two subgroups, namely; short pentraxins (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component) and long pentraxins (neuronal pentraxin 1, neuronal pentraxin 2, neuronal pentraxin receptor, pentraxin 3 and pentraxin 4). Each group shares a similar structure with the pentameric complexes arranged in a discoid shape. Previous studies revealed the functions of different pentraxin family members. Most of them are associated with human innate immunity. Inflammation has commonly been associated with tumor progression, implying that the pentraxin family might also participate in tumor progression. Therefore, we reviewed the basic characteristics and functions of the pentraxin family and their role in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hecun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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A Comprehensive Biological and Clinical Perspective Can Drive a Patient-Tailored Approach to Multiple Myeloma: Bridging the Gaps between the Plasma Cell and the Neoplastic Niche. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:6820241. [PMID: 32508920 PMCID: PMC7251466 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6820241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a broad spectrum of diseases labeled as multiple myeloma (MM). This is due not only to the composite prognostic risk factors leading to different clinical outcomes and responses to treatments but also to the composite tumor microenvironment that is involved in a vicious cycle with the MM plasma cells. New therapeutic strategies have improved MM patients' chances of survival. Nevertheless, certain patients' subgroups have a particularly unfavorable prognosis. Biological stratification can be subdivided into patient, disease, or therapy-related factors. Alternatively, the biological signature of aggressive disease and dismal therapeutic response can promote a dynamic, comprehensive strategic approach, better tailoring the clinical management of high-risk profiles and refractoriness to therapy and taking into account the role played by the MM milieu. By means of an extensive literature search, we have reviewed the state-of-the-art pathophysiological insights obtained from translational investigations of the MM-bone marrow microenvironment. A good knowledge of the MM niche pathophysiological dissection is crucial to tailor personalized approaches in a bench-bedside fashion. The discussion in this review pinpoints two main aspects that appear fundamental in order to gain novel and definitive results from the biology of MM. A systematic knowledge of the plasma cell disorder, along with greater efforts to face the unmet needs present in MM evolution, promises to open a new therapeutic window looking out onto the plethora of scientific evidence about the myeloma and the bystander cells.
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10
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Ching LL, Nerurkar VR, Lim E, Shohet RV, Melish ME, Bratincsak A. Elevated Levels of Pentraxin 3 Correlate With Neutrophilia and Coronary Artery Dilation During Acute Kawasaki Disease. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:295. [PMID: 32670996 PMCID: PMC7330095 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired pediatric heart disease in the developed world as 25-30% of untreated patients and at least 5% of treated patients will develop irreversible coronary artery lesions (CAL). Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) has been well-studied in inflammatory diseases, particularly in cardiovascular diseases associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesized that PTX-3 plays an important role in the development of KD-associated CAL and investigated the circulating levels of PTX-3 in the serum of KD patients. Children with acute KD were followed from diagnosis through normalization of the clinical parameters of inflammation (convalescent phase). Serum samples were obtained and echocardiograms were conducted at several phases of the illness: acute [prior to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment], sub-acute (5-10 days after IVIG treatment), and convalescent (1-4 months after KD diagnosis). Seventy children were included in the final cohort of the study, of whom 26 (37%) presented with CAL and 18 (26%) developed IVIG resistance. The patients included in this study came from diverse ethnic backgrounds, mostly with mixed ancestry/ ethnicity. Significantly increased PTX-3 levels were observed during the acute phase of KD compared to the sub-acute and the convalescent phases. The PTX-3 levels during acute KD were significantly higher among KD patients with CAL compared to patients with normal coronary arteries (NCA). Also, the PTX-3 levels were significantly higher in patients with IVIG resistance. Furthermore, the PTX-3 levels were significantly higher in IVIG-resistant KD patients with CAL as compared to the NCA group. Moreover, the PTX-3 levels were significantly correlated to coronary artery z-score during acute KD and to neutrophil counts throughout KD progression regardless of coronary artery z-score. Elevated PTX-3 levels correlated to elevated neutrophil counts, a known source of PTX-3 in acute inflammation and an important player in the development of KD vasculitis. We, therefore, suggest PTX-3 as a novel factor in the development of KD-associated CAL and propose neutrophil-derived PTX-3 as contributing to KD vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Ching
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Vivek R Nerurkar
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Biostatistics Core Facility, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Ralph V Shohet
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Marian E Melish
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Andras Bratincsak
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Kapi'olani Medical Specialists, Hawai'i Pacific Health, Honolulu, HI, United States
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11
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Parente R, Sobacchi C, Bottazzi B, Mantovani A, Grčevic D, Inforzato A. The Long Pentraxin PTX3 in Bone Homeostasis and Pathology. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2628. [PMID: 31787987 PMCID: PMC6856142 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is equipped with a number of germ-line encoded soluble pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) that collectively mediate the humoral host response to infection and damage in cooperation with cells and tissues of the immune and non-immune compartments. Despite the impressive diversity in structure, source, and regulation across PRMs, these all share remarkably similar functions inasmuch as they recognize microbes and damaged tissues, activate complement, exert opsono-phagocytic activities, and regulate inflammation. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a prototypic soluble PRM. Long known as a major player in innate immunity, inflammation and matrix remodeling, only recently has PTX3 emerged as a mediator of bone homeostasis in rodents and humans. Ptx3-targeted mice exhibit reduced trabecular volume during bone development, and impaired callus mineralization following experimental fracture. The murine gene is expressed in vivo by non-hematopoietic periosteal cells in the early phases of fracture healing, and in vitro by maturing osteoblasts. Human osteoblasts do express the PTX3 protein, whose levels positively correlate with bone density in vivo and osteoblast proliferation and maturation in vitro, thus pointing to a role in bone deposition. Contrasting evidence, however, suggest osteoclastogenesis-promoting effects of PTX3, where its expression has been associated with periodontitis, arthritis, and bone metastasis, conditions hallmarked by inflammation and bone resorption. Here, we review past and recent literature on the functions exerted by this long pentraxin in bone biology, with major emphasis on physiological skeletal remodeling, fracture healing, and chronic diseases of the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Parente
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Sobacchi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,CNR-IRGB, Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danka Grčevic
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute - IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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12
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Ribatti D, Tamma R. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane as an in vivo experimental model to study multiple myeloma. Enzymes 2019; 46:23-35. [PMID: 31727275 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) has long been used as an in vivo assay for the study of tumor angiogenesis because when tumor grafts are placed at day 6-10 days of incubation the chick's immunocompetent system is not fully developed and the conditions for rejection have not been yet established. All studies for mammalian neoplasms, including multiple myeloma, have utilized tumor cell lines, tumor bioptic specimens, cell suspensions derived from tumors, mouse tumor xenografts bioptic specimens. CAM can also be used to study the effects of anti-angiogenic molecules on tumor cell suspensions of tumor bioptic specimens. This review article summarizes and discussed our experience concerning the use of the CAM to study multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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13
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Carrizzo A, Procaccini C, Lenzi P, Fusco C, Villa F, Migliarino S, De Lucia M, Fornai F, Matarese G, Puca AA, Vecchione C. PTX3: an inflammatory protein modulating ultrastructure and bioenergetics of human endothelial cells. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2019; 16:4. [PMID: 30733816 PMCID: PMC6359806 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-019-0144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an acute-phase inflammation protein produced by several cell types, has long been described as a possible biomarker for age-related cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although several mechanisms of action have been identified to date in the vascular and immune systems, the direct effects of PTX3 on isolated endothelial cells at morphological and metabolic levels remain unknown. Findings PTX3 induced cytoplasmic vacuolization and dilution of mitochondrial matrix in isolated, human endothelial cells. Moreover, metabolic assays revealed that PTX3 increases respiratory capacity in support of mitochondrial function, and partially sustains the glycolytic pathway. Conclusions PTX3 has, per se, a direct action on ultrastructural and bioenergetic parameters of isolated endothelial cells. This finding can be associated with our previous demonstration of a deleterious effect of PTX3 on the endothelial layer. More studies are needed to clearly demonstrate any direct correlation between these ultrastructural and bioenergetic changes with endothelial dysfunction, especially with regard to age-related cerebro- and cardio-vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Carrizzo
- 1Vascular Pathophysiology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy
| | - Claudio Procaccini
- 2Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy.,3IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Lenzi
- 4Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Clorinda Fusco
- 5Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Villa
- 6Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20099 Sesto San Giovanni, MI Italy
| | - Serena Migliarino
- 7Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fornai
- 1Vascular Pathophysiology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy.,4Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- 2Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Naples, Italy.,5Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Annibale A Puca
- 6Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20099 Sesto San Giovanni, MI Italy.,8Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- 1Vascular Pathophysiology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS Italy.,8Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA Italy
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14
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Berlier JL, Rethnam M, Banu Binte Abdul Majeed A, Suda T. Modification of the bone marrow MSC population in a xenograft model of early multiple myeloma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:1175-1181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Homotypic and Heterotypic Activation of the Notch Pathway in Multiple Myeloma-Enhanced Angiogenesis: A Novel Therapeutic Target? Neoplasia 2018; 21:93-105. [PMID: 30529074 PMCID: PMC6282459 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of multiple myeloma (MM) cells with endothelial cells (ECs) enhance angiogenesis and MM progression. Here, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in the cross talk between ECs and MM cells enabling angiogenesis. MMECs showed higher expression of Jagged1/2 ligands, of activated Notch1/2 receptors, and of Hes1/Hey1 Notch target genes than ECs from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients, suggesting that homotypic activation of Notch pathway occurs in MM. MM cells co-cultured with MMECs triggered Notch activation in these cells through a cell-to-cell contact-dependent way via Jagged1/2, resulting in Hes1/Hey1 overexpression. The angiogenic effect of Notch pathway was analyzed through Notch1/2·siRNAs and the γ-secretase inhibitor MK-0752 by in vitro (adhesion, migration, chemotaxis, angiogenesis) and in vivo (Vk12598/C57B/6 J mouse model) studies. Activated Notch1/2 pathway was associated with the overangiogenic MMEC phenotype: Notch1/2 knockdown or MK-0752 treatment reduced Hes1/Hey1 expression, impairing in vitro angiogenesis of both MMECs alone and co-cultured with MM cells. MM cells were unable to restore angiogenic abilities of treated MMECs, proving that MMEC angiogenic activities closely rely on Notch pathway. Furthermore, Notch1/2 knockdown affected VEGF/VEGFR2 axis, indicating that the Notch pathway interferes with VEGF-mediated control on angiogenesis. MK-0752 reduced secretion of proangiogenic/proinflammatory cytokines in conditioned media, thus inhibiting blood vessel formation in the CAM assay. In the Vk12598/C57B/6 J mouse, MK-0752 treatment restrained angiogenesis by reducing microvessel density. Overall, homotypic and heterotypic Jagged1/2-mediated Notch activation enhances MMECs angiogenesis. Notch axis inhibition blocked angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the Notch pathway may represent a novel therapeutic target in MM.
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16
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Luo XY, Zhu XQ, Li Y, Wang XB, Yin W, Ge YS, Ji WM. MicroRNA-150 restores endothelial cell function and attenuates vascular remodeling by targeting PTX3 through the NF-κB signaling pathway in mice with acute coronary syndrome. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1170-1181. [PMID: 29741292 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been known to function as important regulators in the vascular system, with various physiopathological effects such as vascular remodeling and hypertension modulation. We aimed to explore whether microRNA-150 (miR-150) regulates endothelial cell function and vascular remodeling in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and the involvement of PTX3 and NF-κB signaling pathway. Ten normal mice and sixty ApoE-/- mice were chosen, and their coronary artery tissues and endothelial cells were extracted. ApoE-/- mice were injected with a series of inhibitor or mimic for miR-150, or siRNA against PTX3. The miR-150 expression, NF-κB1, RELA, and PTX3 mRNA expression were assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and pentraxin-3, p-P50, and p-P65 protein expression by Western blot analysis. Cell viability and migration were assessed by MTT assay and scratch test. Matrigel tube formation assay was employed to determine vascular remodeling of endothelial cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that PTX3 was a target of miR-150. Mice with ACS presented with decreased miR-150 but increased PTX3. It was observed that the miR-150 mimic and siRNA against PTX3 reduced levels of PTX3, NF-κB1, and RELA in mice, and the miR-150 inhibitor reversed the tendency. The in vitro cell experimentation proved that miR-150 might facilitate endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and restrain vascular remodeling via inhibiting PTX3 expression. On the basis of the results of this study, it was hypothesized that miR-150 could possibly maintain endothelial cell function and suppress vascular remodeling by inhibiting PTX3 through the NF-κB signaling pathway in mice with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yuan Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Shan Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Min Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, P. R. China
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17
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Rao L, De Veirman K, Giannico D, Saltarella I, Desantis V, Frassanito MA, Solimando AG, Ribatti D, Prete M, Harstrick A, Fiedler U, De Raeve H, Racanelli V, Vanderkerken K, Vacca A. Targeting angiogenesis in multiple myeloma by the VEGF and HGF blocking DARPin ® protein MP0250: a preclinical study. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13366-13381. [PMID: 29568363 PMCID: PMC5862584 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigational drug MP0250 is a multi-specific DARPin® molecule that simultaneously binds and neutralizes VEGF and HGF with high specificity and affinity. Here we studied the antiangiogenic effects of the MP0250 in multiple myeloma (MM). In endothelial cells (EC) isolated from bone marrow (BM) of MM patients (MMEC) MP0250 reduces VEGFR2 and cMet phosphorylation and affects their downstream signaling cascades. MP0250 influences the secretory profile of MMEC and inhibits their in vitro angiogenic activities (spontaneous and chemotactic migration, adhesion, spreading and capillarogenesis). Compared to anti-VEGF or anti-HGF neutralizing mAbs, MP0250 strongly reduces capillary network formation and vessel-sprouting in a Matrigel angiogenesis assay. MP0250 potentiates the effect of bortezomib in the same in vitro setting. It significantly reduces the number of newly formed vessels in the choriollantoic membrane assay (CAM) and the Matrigel plug assay. In the syngeneic 5T33MM tumor model, MP0250 decreases the microvessel density (MVD) and the combination MP0250/bortezomib lowers the percentage of idiotype positive cells and the serum levels of M-protein. Overall results define MP0250 as a strong antiangiogenic agent with potential as a novel combination drug for treatment of MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigia Rao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donato Giannico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Marcella Prete
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Hendrik De Raeve
- Department of Pathology, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vito Racanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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18
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Long pentraxin 3: A novel multifaceted player in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1869:53-63. [PMID: 29175552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1992, long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) has been characterized as soluble patter recognition receptor, a key player of the innate immunity arm with non-redundant functions in pathogen recognition and inflammatory responses. As a component of the extra-cellular matrix milieu, PTX3 has been implicated also in wound healing/tissue remodeling, cardiovascular diseases, fertility, and infectious diseases. Consequently, PTX3 levels in biological fluids have been proposed as a fluid-phase biomarker in different pathological conditions. In the last decade, experimental evidences have shown that PTX3 may exert a significant impact also on different aspects of cancer biology, including tumor onset, angiogenesis, metastatic dissemination and immune-modulation. However, it remains unclear whether PTX3 acts as a good cop or bad cop in cancer. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the scientific literature data focusing on the role of PTX3 in experimental and human tumors, including its putative translational implications.
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19
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Marech I, Ammendola M, Sacco R, Sammarco G, Zuccalà V, Zizzo N, Leporini C, Luposella M, Patruno R, Filippelli G, Russo E, Porcelli M, Gadaleta CD, De Sarro G, Ranieri G. Tumour-associated macrophages correlate with microvascular bed extension in colorectal cancer patients. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1373-80. [PMID: 27105577 PMCID: PMC4929299 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) represent pivotal components of tumour microenvironment promoting angiogenesis, tumour progression and invasion. In colorectal cancer (CRC), there are no conclusive data about the role of TAMs in angiogenesis‐mediated tumour progression. In this study, we aimed to evaluate a correlation between TAMs, TAM immunostained area (TAMIA) microvascular density (MVD), endothelial area (EA) and cancer cells positive to VEGF‐A (CCP‐VEGF‐A) in primary tumour tissue of locally advanced CRC patients undergone to radical surgery. A series of 76 patients with CRC were selected and evaluated by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. An anti‐CD68 antibody was employed to assess TAMs and TAMIA expression, an anti‐CD34 antibody was utilized to detect MVD and EA expression, whereas an anti‐VEGF‐A antibody was used to detect CCP‐VEGF‐A; then, tumour sections were evaluated by image analysis methods. The mean ± S.D. of TAMs, MVD and CCP‐VEGF‐A was 65.58 ± 21.14, 28.53 ± 7.75 and 63% ± 37%, respectively; the mean ± S.D. of TAMIA and EA was 438.37 ± 124.14μ2 and 186.73 ± 67.22μ2, respectively. A significant correlation was found between TAMs, TAMIA, MVD and EA each other (r ranging from 0.69 to 0.84; P ranging from 0.000 to 0.004). The high level of expression of TAMs and TAMIA in tumour tissue and the significant correlation with both MVD and EA illustrate that TAMs could represent a marker that plays an important role in promoting angiogenesis‐mediated CRC. In this context, novel agents killing TAMs might be evaluated in clinical trials as a new anti‐angiogenic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II', Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Chair of Clinical Surgery, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Sacco
- Chair of Clinical Surgery, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sammarco
- Chair of Clinical Surgery, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Zuccalà
- Chair of Clinical Surgery, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Chair of Pathology, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Christian Leporini
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Luposella
- Chair of Clinical Surgery, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Patruno
- Chair of Pathology, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | | | - Emilio Russo
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II', Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II', Bari, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro 'Magna Graecia' Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, 'Giovanni Paolo II', Bari, Italy
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20
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Sacco A, Roccaro AM, Ma D, Shi J, Mishima Y, Moschetta M, Chiarini M, Munshi N, Handin RI, Ghobrial IM. Cancer Cell Dissemination and Homing to the Bone Marrow in a Zebrafish Model. Cancer Res 2016; 76:463-71. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Fornai F, Carrizzo A, Ferrucci M, Damato A, Biagioni F, Gaglione A, Puca AA, Vecchione C. Brain diseases and tumorigenesis: The good and bad cops of pentraxin3. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 69:70-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Marech I, Leporini C, Ammendola M, Porcelli M, Gadaleta CD, Russo E, De Sarro G, Ranieri G. Classical and non-classical proangiogenic factors as a target of antiangiogenic therapy in tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:216-26. [PMID: 26238184 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is sustained by classical and non-classical proangiogenic factors (PFs) acting in tumor microenvironment and these factors are also potential targets of antiangiogenic therapies. All PFs induce the overexpression of several signaling pathways that lead to migration and proliferation of endothelial cells contributing to tumor angiogenesis and survival of cancer cells. In this review, we have analyzed each PF with its specific receptor/s and we have summarized the available antiangiogenic drugs (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) targeting these PFs, some of these agents have already been approved, others are currently in development for the treatment of several human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Christian Leporini
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Clinical Surgery Unit, University "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia" Medical School, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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Jaillon S, Bonavita E, Gentile S, Rubino M, Laface I, Garlanda C, Mantovani A. The long pentraxin PTX3 as a key component of humoral innate immunity and a candidate diagnostic for inflammatory diseases. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2014; 165:165-78. [PMID: 25531094 DOI: 10.1159/000368778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is composed of a cellular arm and a humoral arm. Components of the humoral arm include members of the complement cascade and soluble pattern recognition molecules (PRMs). These PRMs recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and are functional ancestors of antibodies, playing a role in complement activation, opsonization and agglutination. Pentraxins consist of a set of multimeric soluble proteins and represent the prototypic components of humoral innate immunity. The prototypic long pentraxin PTX3 is highly conserved in evolution and produced by somatic and innate immune cells after proinflammatory stimuli. PTX3 interacts with a set of self, nonself and modified self ligands and exerts essential roles in innate immunity, inflammation control and matrix deposition. In addition, translational studies suggest that PTX3 may be a useful biomarker of human pathologies complementary to C-reactive protein. In this study, we will review the general functions of pentraxins in innate immunity and inflammation, focusing our attention on the prototypic long pentraxin PTX3.
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Marech I, Ammendola M, Gadaleta C, Zizzo N, Oakley C, Gadaleta CD, Ranieri G. Possible biological and translational significance of mast cells density in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:8910-8920. [PMID: 25083063 PMCID: PMC4112891 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i27.8910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs), located ubiquitously near blood vessels, are descended from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. Initially, although their role has been well defined in hypersensitivity reactions, the discovery of their sharing in both innate and adaptive immunity has allowed to redefine their crucial interplay on the regulatory function between inflammatory and tumor cells through the release of mediators granule-associated (mainly tryptase and vascular endothelial growth factor). In particular, in several animal and human malignancies it has been well demonstrated that activated c-Kit receptor (c-KitR) and tryptase (an agonist of the proteinase-activated receptor-2) take pivotal part in tumor angiogenesis after the MCs activation, contributing to tumor cells invasion and metastasis. In this review, we focused on crucial MCs density (MCD) role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression angiogenesis-mediated; then, we will analyze the principal studies that have focused on MCD as possible prognostic factor. Finally, we will consider a possible role of MCD as novel therapeutic target mainly by c-KitR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, masitinib) and tryptase inhibitors (gabexate and nafamostat mesylate) with the aim to prevent CRC progression.
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c-Kit expression, angiogenesis, and grading in canine mast cell tumour: a unique model to study c-Kit driven human malignancies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:730246. [PMID: 24900982 PMCID: PMC4036613 DOI: 10.1155/2014/730246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Canine cutaneous mast cell tumour (CMCT) is a c-Kit driven tumour sharing similar c-Kit aberrations found in human gastrointestinal stromal tumour. CMCT is classified into three forms: well- (G1), intermediately (G2) (more benign diseases), and poorly (G3) differentiated (malignant) forms. We assess a correlation between c-Kit status, grading, and angiogenesis in CMCTs to explore their potential significance in humans. C-Kit receptor (c-KitR) expression, microvascular density (MVD), and mast cell granulated and degranulated status density (MCGD and MCDD, resp.) were analyzed in 97 CMCTs, by means of histochemistry, immunohistochemistry double staining, and image analysis system. Data showed that predominantly diffuse cytoplasmic- and predominantly focal paranuclear- (Golgi-like) c-Kit protein (PDC-c-Kit and PFP-c-Kit, resp.) expression correlate with high MVD, G3 histopathological grade, and MCDD. Moreover, predominant cell membrane-c-KitR (PCM-c-KitR) expression status correlates with low MVD, G1-G2 histopathological grade, and MCGD. These findings underline the key role of c-Kit in the biopathology of canine MCTs, indicating a link between aberrant c-Kit expression, increased angiogenesis, and higher histopathological grade. CMCT seems to be a model to study contributions of c-Kit activated MCs in tumour angiogenesis and to evaluate the inhibition of MCs activation by means of c-Kit tyrosine kinase inhibitors, currently translated in humans.
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The role of inflammatory cells in angiogenesis in multiple myeloma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 816:361-76. [PMID: 24818730 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0837-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Both innate and adaptive immune cells are involved in the mechanisms of endothelial cell proliferation, migration and activation, via production and release of a large spectrum of pro-angiogenic mediators, thus creating the specific microenvironment that favors increased rate of tissue vascularization. In this article, we focus on the immune cell component of the angiogenic process occurring during multiple myeloma progression. We also provide information on some anti-angiogenic properties of immune cells that may be applied for a potential pharmacological use as anti-angiogenic agents in the disease treatment.
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Bone marrow fibroblasts parallel multiple myeloma progression in patients and mice: in vitro and in vivo studies. Leukemia 2013; 28:904-16. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Clinical impact of pentraxin family expression on prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:739-46. [PMID: 23828517 PMCID: PMC3738116 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory mediators may have decisive roles at different stages of tumour development. Mediators within the pentraxin family may be used as strong biomarkers in prognosis of advanced pancreatic carcinoma patients. Methods: Using pancreatic carcinoma cell lines and gene transfectant, we measured long pentraxin (PTX3) level in culture solution and carried out cellular migration assay in vitro. In vivo study of the treatment-naive patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma assigned to undergo gemcitabine therapy was prospectively conducted to measure and investigate the role of plasma PTX3, C-reactive protein (CRP), and eight inflammatory mediators by using collected clinical data. Results: Elevated PTX3 production was observed in several cell lines, and a direct relationship between migratory activity and PTX3 level was identified in vitro. High PTX3 level (117 days) was significantly less than that of patients with low PTX3 level (357 days, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis of the pancreatic carcinoma revealed a strong correlation between pentraxin family member expression and prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma. The relationship between PTX3 expression and the expression of other pro-inflammatory mediators indicated that PTX3 level is positively correlated with levels of CRP, interleukin-6, and macrophage-inhibitory factor. Conclusion: Pentraxin family members, especially PTX3, may be used as promising biomarkers in the prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma patients.
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