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Wang X, Zhang H, XinZhang, Liu Y. Abscopal effect: from a rare phenomenon to a new frontier in cancer therapy. Biomark Res 2024; 12:98. [PMID: 39228005 PMCID: PMC11373306 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) controls local lesions, meantime it has the capability to induce systemic response to inhibit distant, metastatic, non-radiated tumors, which is referred to as the "abscopal effect". It is widely recognized that radiotherapy can stimulate systemic immune response. This provides a compelling theoretical basis for the combination of immune therapy combined with radiotherapy(iRT). Indeed, this phenomenon has also been observed in clinical treatment, bringing significant clinical benefits to patients, and a series of basic studies are underway to amplify this effect. However, the molecular mechanisms of immune response induced by RT, determination of the optimal treatment regimen for iRT, and how to amplify the abscopal effect. In order to amplify and utilize this effect in clinical management, these key issues require to be well addressed; In this review, we comprehensively summarize the growing consensus and emphasize the emerging limitations of enhancing the abscopal effect with radiotherapy or immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the prospects and barriers to the current clinical translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Laryngopharyngeal and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Laryngopharyngeal and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - XinZhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Laryngopharyngeal and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Laryngopharyngeal and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Wang FT, Wu TQ, Lin Y, Jiao YR, Li JY, Ruan Y, Yin L, Chen CQ. The role of the CXCR6/CXCL16 axis in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112015. [PMID: 38608478 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6), a seven-transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptor, plays a pivotal regulatory role in inflammation and tissue damage through its interaction with CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16). This axis is implicated in the pathogenesis of various fibrotic diseases and correlates with clinical parameters that indicate disease severity, activity, and prognosis in organ fibrosis, including afflictions of the liver, kidney, lung, cardiovascular system, skin, and intestines. Soluble CXCL16 (sCXCL16) serves as a chemokine, facilitating the migration and recruitment of CXCR6-expressing cells, while membrane-bound CXCL16 (mCXCL16) functions as a transmembrane protein with adhesion properties, facilitating intercellular interactions by binding to CXCR6. The CXCR6/CXCL16 axis is established to regulate the cycle of damage and repair during chronic inflammation, either through modulating immune cell-mediated intercellular communication or by independently influencing fibroblast homing, proliferation, and activation, with each pathway potentially culminating in the onset and progression of fibrotic diseases. However, clinically exploiting the targeting of the CXCR6/CXCL16 axis requires further elucidation of the intricate chemokine interactions within fibrosis pathogenesis. This review explores the biology of CXCR6/CXCL16, its multifaceted effects contributing to fibrosis in various organs, and the prospective clinical implications of these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Tao Wang
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Tian-Qi Wu
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yin Lin
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi-Ran Jiao
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Li
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yu Ruan
- Surgery and Anesthesia Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chun-Qiu Chen
- Diagnostic and Treatment Center for Refractory Diseases of Abdomen Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Ma CY, Zhao J, Zhou JY. Microbiome profiling and Co-metabolism pathway analysis in cervical cancer patients with acute radiation enteritis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29598. [PMID: 38655340 PMCID: PMC11036041 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal bacteria significantly contribute to the metabolism of intestinal epithelial tissues. As the occurrence and development of radiation enteritis (RE) depend on the "co-metabolism" microenvironment formed by the host and intestinal microbiota, which involves complex influencing factors and strong correlations, ordinary techniques struggle to fully explain the underlying mechanisms. However, given that it is based on systems biology, metabolomics analysis is well-suited to address these issues. This study aimed to analyze the metabolomic changes in urine, serum, and fecal samples during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for cervical cancer and screen for characteristic metabolites of severe acute radiation enteritis (SARE) and RE. Methods We enrolled 50 patients who received radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Urine, serum, and fecal samples of patients were collected at one day before radiotherapy and the second week, fourth week, and sixth week after the start of radiotherapy. Control group samples were collected during the baseline period. Differential metabolites were identified by metabolomics analysis; co-metabolic pathways were clarified. We used the mini-SOM library for incorporating characteristic metabolites, and established metabolite classification models for predicting SARE and RE. Results Urine and serum sample data showed remarkable clustering effect; metabolomics data of the fecal supernatant were evidently disturbed. Patient sample analyses during VMAT revealed the following. Urine samples: Downregulation of the pyrimidine and riboflavin metabolism pathways as well as initial upregulation followed by downregulation of arginine and proline metabolism pathways and the arginine biosynthesis pathway. Fecal samples: Upregulation of linoleic acid and phenylalanine metabolic pathways and initial downregulation followed by upregulation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathways. Serum samples: Initial upregulation followed by downregulation of the arginine biosynthesis pathway and downregulation of glutathione, AA, and arginine and proline metabolic pathways. Conclusion Patients with cervical cancer exhibited characteristic metabolic pathways and characteristic metabolites predicting RE and SARE were screened out. An effective RE mini-SOM classification model was successfully established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ying Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Ju-Ying Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Deng W, Liu X, Huang S, Wu Z, Alessandro F, Lin Q, Cai Z, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Wang H, Yuan Z. CXCL16 promotes tumor metastasis by regulating angiogenesis in the tumor micro-environment of BRAF V600E mutant colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 41:101854. [PMID: 38232513 PMCID: PMC10827530 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients of colorectal cancer (CRC) with BRAF V600E mutation obtain poor prognosis. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of BRAF V600E mutation in angiogenesis of tumor micro-environment (TME). It has been reported that CXCL16 expression in TME is closely related to BRAF mutation. Clinicopathological features of CRC with BRAF V600E mutant or wild type were collected in this study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were conducted to test the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31 and CXCL16. ROC curve was used to determine the optimal cut off values of CXCL16. A total of 680 patients including 141 BRAF V600E type and 679 wild type were included. BRAF V600E mutant tumors were presented with significant worse clinicopathological features and a shorter overall survival (OS) than wild-type. Besides, chemokines CXCL16 was up-regulated in BRAF V600E mutant tissues and was associated with poorer prognosis. In addition, VEGF levels and vascular endothelial cell density was significantly increased in BRAF mutation. At last, CXCL16 was positively correlated with VEGF expression and vascular endothelial cell density. In conclusion, BRAF V600E mutations may promote metastasis of CRC by regulating CXCL16 expression and promoting angiogenesis in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Shuhui Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Zhijie Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Fichera Alessandro
- Colon and Rectal Surgery, Baylor University Medical Center, TX, United States of America
| | - Qingfeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Zonglu Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Zitong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Houjie Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China.
| | - Zixu Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China; Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China.
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