Patyna M, Ehlers V, Bahlmann B, Kasaj A. Effects of adjunctive light-activated disinfection and probiotics on clinical and microbiological parameters in periodontal treatment: a randomized, controlled, clinical pilot study.
Clin Oral Investig 2021;
25:3967-3975. [PMID:
33543381 PMCID:
PMC8137479 DOI:
10.1007/s00784-020-03727-1]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological outcomes of light-activated disinfection (LAD) alone or combined with probiotics as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment.
Materials and methods
In this single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical pilot study, 48 patients (28 females and 20 males) with untreated periodontitis (stages II and III, grade B) were included. Using a parallel-group design, patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups to receive subgingival debridement (SD) alone (group 1, n = 16), SD with LAD (group 2, n = 16), or SD with LAD plus probiotic treatment (group 3, n = 16). Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingiva-index simplified (GIs), plaque-control record (PCR), and subgingival microbiological samples were analyzed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months of follow-up.
Results
All treatment modalities demonstrated clinical improvements in PPD and CAL at 6 months compared to baseline but without a statistical significant difference between the groups. The combination of SD + LAD + probiotic treatment (group 3) demonstrated significantly greater reductions in BOP, GIs, and red complex bacteria P. gingivalis and T. forsythia compared with other groups at 6 months (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
A single application of LAD as an adjunct to SD provided no additional clinical and microbiological benefits compared to SD alone. The combination of SD + LAD + probiotic treatment in group 3 led to further improvements of the inflammatory parameters.
Clinical relevance
The additional use of probiotics in periodontal treatment can be a useful approach to support inflammation and infection control of periodontal tissues. Further studies are necessary to determine the extent of added benefit for this treatment approach.
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