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The Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor, AT13387, Protects the Alveolo-Capillary Barrier and Prevents HCl-Induced Chronic Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061046. [PMID: 35326496 PMCID: PMC8946990 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) exposure causes asthma-like conditions, reactive airways dysfunction syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis. Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that regulates multiple cellular processes. HSP90 inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials for cancer and are also being studied in various pre-clinical settings for their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Here we investigated the ability of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor AT13387 to prevent chronic lung injury induced by exposure to HCl in vivo and its protective role in the endothelial barrier in vitro. We instilled C57Bl/6J mice with 0.1N HCl (2 µL/g body weight, intratracheally) and after 24 h began treatment with vehicle or AT13387 (10 or 15 mg/kg, SC), administered 3×/week; we analyzed histological, functional, and molecular markers 30 days after HCl. In addition, we monitored transendothelial electrical resistance (TER) and protein expression in a monolayer of human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) exposed to HCl (0.02 N) and treated with vehicle or AT13387 (2 µM). HCl provoked persistent alveolar inflammation; activation of profibrotic pathways (MAPK/ERK, HSP90); increased deposition of collagen, fibronectin and elastin; histological evidence of fibrosis; and a decline in lung function reflected in a downward shift in pressure–volume curves, increased respiratory system resistance (Rrs), elastance (Ers), tissue damping (G), and hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Treatment with 15 mg/kg AT13387reduced alveolar inflammation, fibrosis, and NLRP3 staining; blocked activation of ERK and HSP90; and attenuated the deposition of collagen and the development of chronic lung injury and airway hyperreactivity. In vitro, AT13387 prevented HCl-induced loss of barrier function and AKT, ERK, and ROCK1 activation, and restored HSP70 and cofilin expression. The HSP90 inhibitor, AT13387, represents a promising drug candidate for chronic lung injury that can be administered subcutaneously in the field, and at low, non-toxic doses.
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2
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Pipalia NH, Saad SZ, Subramanian K, Cross A, Al-Motawa A, Garg K, Blagg BSJ, Neckers L, Helquist P, Wiest O, Ory DS, Maxfield FR. HSP90 inhibitors reduce cholesterol storage in Niemann-Pick type C1 mutant fibroblasts. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100114. [PMID: 34481829 PMCID: PMC8517605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1) disease is a lysosomal lipid storage disorder caused by mutations of the NPC1 gene. More than 300 disease-associated mutations are reported in patients, resulting in abnormal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol, glycosphingolipids, and other lipids in late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/Ly) of many cell types. Previously, we showed that treatment of many different NPC1 mutant fibroblasts with histone deacetylase inhibitors resulted in reduction of cholesterol storage, and we found that this was associated with enhanced exit of the NPC1 protein from the endoplasmic reticulum and delivery to LE/Ly. This suggested that histone deacetylase inhibitors may work through changes in protein chaperones to enhance the folding of NPC1 mutants, allowing them to be delivered to LE/Ly. In this study, we evaluated the effect of several HSP90 inhibitors on NPC1I1061T skin fibroblasts. We found that HSP90 inhibition resulted in clearance of cholesterol from LE/Ly, and this was associated with enhanced delivery of the mutant NPC1I1061T protein to LE/Ly. We also observed that inhibition of HSP90 increased the expression of HSP70, and overexpression of HSP70 also reduced cholesterol storage in NPC1I1061T fibroblasts. However, we did not see correction of cholesterol storage by arimoclomol, a drug that is reported to increase HSP70 expression, at doses up to 0.5 mM. The increase in other chaperones as a consequence of HSP90 improves folding of NPC1 protein and relieves cholesterol accumulation in NPC1 mutant fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina H Pipalia
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Syed Z Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kanagaraj Subramanian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abigail Cross
- Natural Sciences Department, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aisha Al-Motawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kunal Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Len Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Helquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Olaf Wiest
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Daniel S Ory
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Nonaka M, Mabashi-Asazuma H, Jarvis DL, Yamasaki K, Akama TO, Nagaoka M, Sasai T, Kimura-Takagi I, Suwa Y, Yaegashi T, Huang CT, Nishizawa-Harada C, Fukuda MN. Development of an orally-administrable tumor vasculature-targeting therapeutic using annexin A1-binding D-peptides. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241157. [PMID: 33406123 PMCID: PMC7787448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that IF7 peptide, which binds to the annexin A1 (ANXA1) N-terminus, functions as a tumor vasculature-targeted drug delivery vehicle after intravenous injection. To enhance IF7 stability in vivo, we undertook mirror-image peptide phage display using a synthetic D-peptide representing the ANXA1 N-terminus as target. We then identified peptide sequences, synthesized them as D-amino acids, and designated the resulting peptide dTIT7, which we showed bound to the ANXA1 N-terminus. Whole body imaging of mouse brain tumor models injected with near infrared fluorescent IRDye-conjugated dTIT7 showed fluorescent signals in brain and kidney. Furthermore, orally-administered dTIT7/geldanamycin (GA) conjugates suppressed brain tumor growth. Ours is a proof-of-concept experiment showing that ANXA1-binding D-peptide can be developed as an orally-administrable tumor vasculature-targeted therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Nonaka
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideaki Mabashi-Asazuma
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States of America
| | - Donald L. Jarvis
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States of America
| | - Kazuhiko Yamasaki
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoya O. Akama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Toshio Sasai
- Yakult Central Institute, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoichi Suwa
- Yakult Central Institute, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Chun-Teng Huang
- Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Chizuko Nishizawa-Harada
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Michiko N. Fukuda
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Cancer Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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4
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Singh S, Abu-Zaid A, Lin W, Low J, Abdolvahabi A, Jin H, Wu Q, Cooke B, Fang J, Bowling J, Vaithiyalingam S, Currier D, Yun MK, Fernando DM, Maier J, Tillman H, Bulsara P, Lu Z, Das S, Shelat A, Li Z, Young B, Lee R, Rankovic Z, Murphy AJ, White SW, Davidoff AM, Chen T, Yang J. 17-DMAG dually inhibits Hsp90 and histone lysine demethylases in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. iScience 2020; 24:101996. [PMID: 33490904 PMCID: PMC7811140 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) play critical roles in oncogenesis and therefore may be effective targets for anticancer therapy. Using a time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer demethylation screen assay, in combination with multiple orthogonal validation approaches, we identified geldanamycin and its analog 17-DMAG as KDM inhibitors. In addition, we found that these Hsp90 inhibitors increase degradation of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) driver oncoprotein PAX3-FOXO1 and induce the repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 at genomic loci of PAX3-FOXO1 targets. We found that as monotherapy 17-DMAG significantly inhibits expression of PAX3-FOXO1 target genes and multiple oncogenic pathways, induces a muscle differentiation signature, delays tumor growth and extends survival in aRMS xenograft mouse models. The combination of 17-DMAG with conventional chemotherapy significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy, indicating that targeting KDM in combination with chemotherapy may serve as a therapeutic approach to PAX3-FOXO1-positive aRMS. Identification of geldanamycin/17-DMAG as histone lysine demethylase inhibitors Geldanamycin/17-DMAG causes degradation of PAX3-FOXO1, an Hsp90 client Geldanamycin/17-DMAG induces epigenetic changes and targets PAX3-FOXO1 pathway 17-DMAG alone or combined with chemotherapy show potency to PAX3-FOXO1 xenografts
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivendra Singh
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jonathan Low
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alireza Abdolvahabi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Hongjian Jin
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Bailey Cooke
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - John Bowling
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sivaraja Vaithiyalingam
- Protein Technologies Center, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Duane Currier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mi-Kyung Yun
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Dinesh M Fernando
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Julie Maier
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Heather Tillman
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Purva Bulsara
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zhaohua Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Anang Shelat
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zhenmei Li
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brandon Young
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard Lee
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Zoran Rankovic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Stephen W White
- Department of Structural Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
| | - Taosheng Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis TN 38105, USA
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5
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Spiegelberg D, Dascalu A, Mortensen AC, Abramenkovs A, Kuku G, Nestor M, Stenerlöw B. The novel HSP90 inhibitor AT13387 potentiates radiation effects in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35652-66. [PMID: 26452257 PMCID: PMC4742132 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is associated with increased tumor cell survival and radioresistance. In this study we explored the efficacy of the novel HSP90 inhibitor AT13387 and examined its radiosensitizing effects in combination with gamma-radiation in 2D and 3D structures as well as mice-xenografts. AT13387 induced effective cytotoxic activity and radiosensitized cancer cells in monolayer and tumor spheroid models, where low drug doses triggered significant synergistic effects on cell survival together with radiation. Furthermore, AT13387 treatment resulted in G2/M-phase arrest and significantly reduced the migration capacity. The expression of selected client proteins involved in DNA repair, cell-signaling and cell growth was downregulated in vitro, though the expression of most investigated proteins recurred after 8–24 h. These results were confirmed in vivo where AT13387 treated tumors displayed effective downregulation of HSP90 and its oncogenic client proteins. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AT13387 is a potent new cancer drug and effective radiosensitizer in vitro with an excellent in vivo efficacy. AT13387 treatment has the potential to improve external beam therapy and radionuclide therapy outcomes and restore treatment efficacy in cancers that are resistant to initial therapeutic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Spiegelberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adrian Dascalu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja C Mortensen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andris Abramenkovs
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gamze Kuku
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Unit of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo Stenerlöw
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Jones L, Carol H, Evans K, Richmond J, Houghton PJ, Smith MA, Lock RB. A review of new agents evaluated against pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program. Leukemia 2016; 30:2133-2141. [PMID: 27416986 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children exemplifies how multi-agent chemotherapy has improved the outcome for patients. Refinements in treatment protocols and improvements in supportive care for this most common pediatric malignancy have led to a cure rate that now approaches 90%. However, certain pediatric ALL subgroups remain relatively intractable to treatment and many patients who relapse face a similarly dismal outcome. Moreover, survivors of pediatric ALL suffer the long-term sequelae of their intensive treatment throughout their lives. Therefore, the development of drugs to treat relapsed/refractory pediatric ALL, as well as those that more specifically target leukemia cells, remains a high priority. As pediatric malignancies represent a minority of the overall cancer burden, it is not surprising that they are generally underrepresented in drug development efforts. The identification of novel therapies relies largely on the reappropriation of drugs developed for adult malignancies. However, despite the large number of experimental agents available, clinical evaluation of novel drugs for pediatric ALL is hindered by limited patient numbers and the availability of effective established drugs. The Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP) was established in 2005 to provide a mechanism by which novel therapeutics could be evaluated against xenograft and cell line models of the most common childhood malignancies, including ALL, to prioritize those with the greatest activity for clinical evaluation. In this article, we review the results of >50 novel agents and combinations tested against the PPTP ALL xenografts, highlighting comparisons between PPTP results and clinical data where possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jones
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - H Carol
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Evans
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Richmond
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P J Houghton
- Molecular Medicine, Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M A Smith
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R B Lock
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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7
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Advances in HSP27 and HSP90-targeting strategies for glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2016; 127:209-19. [PMID: 26842818 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. There is a critical need for novel strategies to abolish the molecular mechanisms that support GBM growth, invasion and treatment resistance. The heat shock proteins, HSP27 and HSP90, serve these pivotal roles in tumor cells and have been identified as effective targets for developing therapeutics. Natural and synthetic inhibitors have been evaluated in clinical trials for several forms of systemic cancer but none as yet for GBM. This topic review summarizes the current preclinical evidence and rationale to define the potential of HSP27 and HSP90 inhibitors in GBM management.
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8
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Saletta F, Wadham C, Ziegler DS, Marshall GM, Haber M, McCowage G, Norris MD, Byrne JA. Molecular profiling of childhood cancer: Biomarkers and novel therapies. BBA CLINICAL 2014; 1:59-77. [PMID: 26675306 PMCID: PMC4633945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technological advances including high-throughput sequencing have identified numerous tumor-specific genetic changes in pediatric and adolescent cancers that can be exploited as targets for novel therapies. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review provides a detailed overview of recent advances in the application of target-specific therapies for childhood cancers, either as single agents or in combination with other therapies. The review summarizes preclinical evidence on which clinical trials are based, early phase clinical trial results, and the incorporation of predictive biomarkers into clinical practice, according to cancer type. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS There is growing evidence that molecularly targeted therapies can valuably add to the arsenal available for treating childhood cancers, particularly when used in combination with other therapies. Nonetheless the introduction of molecularly targeted agents into practice remains challenging, due to the use of unselected populations in some clinical trials, inadequate methods to evaluate efficacy, and the need for improved preclinical models to both evaluate dosing and safety of combination therapies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The increasing recognition of the heterogeneity of molecular causes of cancer favors the continued development of molecularly targeted agents, and their transfer to pediatric and adolescent populations.
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Key Words
- ALK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase
- ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- AML, acute myeloid leukemia
- ARMS, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
- AT/RT, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor
- AURKA, aurora kinase A
- AURKB, aurora kinase B
- BET, bromodomain and extra terminal
- Biomarkers
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CML, chronic myeloid leukemia
- Childhood cancer
- DFMO, difluoromethylornithine
- DIPG, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ERMS, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
- HDAC, histone deacetylases
- Hsp90, heat shock protein 90
- IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor
- IGF/IGFR, insulin-like growth factor/receptor
- Molecular diagnostics
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- ODC1, ornithine decarboxylase 1
- PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
- PDGFRA/B, platelet derived growth factor alpha/beta
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase
- PLK1, polo-like kinase 1
- Ph +, Philadelphia chromosome-positive
- RMS, rhabdomyosarcoma
- SHH, sonic hedgehog
- SMO, smoothened
- SYK, spleen tyrosine kinase
- TOP1/TOP2, DNA topoisomerase 1/2
- TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- Targeted therapy
- VEGF/VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor/receptor
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Saletta
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, Westmead 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carol Wadham
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David S. Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Glenn M. Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geoffrey McCowage
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Murray D. Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Byrne
- Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research Institute, Westmead 2145, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, New South Wales, Australia
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9
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Liu H, Xiao F, Serebriiskii IG, O’Brien SW, Maglaty MA, Astsaturov I, Litwin S, Martin LP, Proia DA, Golemis EA, Connolly DC. Network analysis identifies an HSP90-central hub susceptible in ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:5053-67. [PMID: 23900136 PMCID: PMC3778161 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is usually detected at an advanced stage and is frequently lethal. Although many patients respond to initial surgery and standard chemotherapy consisting of a platinum-based agent and a taxane, most experience recurrence and eventually treatment-resistant disease. Although there have been numerous efforts to apply protein-targeted agents in EOC, these studies have so far documented little efficacy. Our goal was to identify broadly susceptible signaling proteins or pathways in EOC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN As a new approach, we conducted data-mining meta-analyses integrating results from multiple siRNA screens to identify gene targets that showed significant inhibition of cell growth. On the basis of this meta-analysis, we established that many genes with such activity were clients of the protein chaperone HSP90. We therefore assessed ganetespib, a clinically promising second-generation small-molecule HSP90 inhibitor, for activity against EOC, both as a single agent and in combination with cytotoxic and targeted therapeutic agents. RESULTS Ganetespib significantly reduced cell growth, induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro, inhibited growth of orthotopic xenografts and spontaneous ovarian tumors in transgenic mice in vivo, and inhibited expression and activation of numerous proteins linked to EOC progression. Importantly, paclitaxel significantly potentiated ganetespib activity in cultured cells and tumors. Moreover, combined treatment of cells with ganetespib and siRNAs or small molecules inhibiting genes identified in the meta-analysis in several cases resulted in enhanced activity. CONCLUSION These results strongly support investigation of ganetespib, a single-targeted agent with effects on numerous proteins and pathways, in augmenting standard EOC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Liu
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fang Xiao
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ilya G. Serebriiskii
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shane W. O’Brien
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marisa A. Maglaty
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Igor Astsaturov
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Litwin
- Biostatistics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lainie P. Martin
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Erica A. Golemis
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Denise C. Connolly
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Sampson VB, Kamara DF, Kolb EA. Xenograft and genetically engineered mouse model systems of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma: tumor models for cancer drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 8:1181-9. [PMID: 23844615 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.817988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are > 75 histological types of solid tumors that are classified into two major groups: bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. These diseases are more prevalent in children, and pediatric sarcomas tend to be highly aggressive and rapidly progressive. Sarcomas in adults may follow a more indolent course, but aggressive tumors are also common. Sarcomas that are metastatic at diagnosis, or recurrent following therapy, remain refractory to current treatment options with dismal overall survival rates. A major focus of clinical trials, for patients with sarcoma, is to identify novel and more effective therapeutic strategies targeted to genomic or proteomic aberrations specific to the malignant cells. Critical to the understanding of the potential for targeted therapies are models of disease that are representative of clinical disease and predictive of relevant clinical responses. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors discuss the use of mouse xenograft models and genetically engineered mice in cancer drug discovery. The authors provide a special focus on models for the two most common bone sarcomas: osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing's sarcoma (ES). EXPERT OPINION Predicting whether a new anticancer agent will have a positive therapeutic index in patients with OS and ES remains a challenge. The use of mouse sarcoma models for understanding the mechanisms involved in the response of tumors to new treatments is an important step in the process of drug discovery and the development of clinically relevant therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B Sampson
- A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory , 1701 Rockland Rd, Wilmington DE, 19803 , USA
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Lock RB, Carol H, Maris JM, Kang MH, Reynolds CP, Kolb EA, Gorlick R, Keir ST, Billups CA, Kurmasheva RT, Houghton PJ, Smith MA. Initial testing (stage 1) of ganetespib, an Hsp90 inhibitor, by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:E42-5. [PMID: 23303741 PMCID: PMC4225043 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ganetespib, an Hsp90 inhibitor, was tested against the PPTP in vitro cell line panel and selected xenografts in vivo, including JAK2- and BRAF-mutated models. Ganetespib demonstrated potent in vitro cytotoxic activity (median rIC50 8.8 nM, range 4.4-27.1 nM). In vivo, ganetespib induced significant differences in EFS distribution for 4 of 11 xenografts. Intermediate activity (EFS T/C > 2) was noted only for the MV4;11 xenograft, and there were no objective responses. Administered as single agents, Hsp90 inhibitors examined by the PPTP have shown limited evidence for a therapeutic window against both solid tumor and leukemia pediatric preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Lock
- Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, Australia,Correspondence to: Richard B. Lock, PhD, Leukemia Biology Program Children’s Cancer Institute, Australia Lowy Cancer Research Centre, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
| | - Hernan Carol
- Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - John M. Maris
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Min H. Kang
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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Sampson VB, Gorlick R, Kamara D, Anders Kolb E. A review of targeted therapies evaluated by the pediatric preclinical testing program for osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2013; 3:132. [PMID: 23755370 PMCID: PMC3668267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common malignant bone tumor of childhood, is a high-grade primary bone sarcoma that occurs mostly in adolescence. Standard treatment consists of surgery in combination with multi-agent chemotherapy regimens. The development and approval of imatinib for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and the fully human monoclonal antibody, anti-GD2, as part of an immune therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma patients have established the precedent for use of targeted inhibitors along with standard chemotherapy backbones. However, few targeted agents tested have achieved traditional clinical endpoints for osteosarcoma. Many biological agents demonstrating anti-tumor responses in preclinical and early-phase clinical testing have failed to reach response thresholds to justify randomized trials with large numbers of patients. The development of targeted therapies for pediatric cancer remains a significant challenge. To aid in the prioritization of new agents for clinical testing, the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP) has developed reliable and robust preclinical pediatric cancer models to rapidly screen agents for activity in multiple childhood cancers and establish pharmacological parameters and effective drug concentrations for clinical trials. In this article, we examine a range of standard and novel agents that have been evaluated by the PPTP, and we discuss the preclinical and clinical development of these for the treatment of osteosarcoma. We further demonstrate that committed resources for hypothesis-driven drug discovery and development are needed to yield clinical successes in the search for new therapies for this pediatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie B Sampson
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children , Wilmington, DE , USA
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