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Wojcik HM, Lovvorn HN, Hollingshead M, Pierce J, Stotler H, Murphy AJ, Borgel S, Phelps HM, Correa H, Perantoni AO. Exploiting embryonic niche conditions to grow Wilms tumor blastema in culture. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1091274. [PMID: 37007076 PMCID: PMC10061139 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1091274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionWilms Tumor (WT), or nephroblastoma, is the most common pediatric kidney cancer. Most WTs display a “favorable” triphasic histology, in which the tumor is comprised of blastemal, stromal, and epithelial cell types. Blastemal predominance after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or diffuse anaplasia (“unfavorable” histology; 5-8%) portend a worse prognosis. Blastema likely provide the putative cancer stem cells (CSCs), which retain molecular and histologic features characteristic of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs), within WTs. NPCs arise in the metanephric mesenchyme (MM) and populate the cap mesenchyme (CM) in the developing kidney. WT blastemal cells, like NPCs, similarly express markers, SIX2 and CITED1. Tumor xenotransplantation is currently the only dependable method to propagate tumor tissue for research or therapeutic screening, since efforts to culture tumors in vitro as monolayers have invariably failed. Therefore, a critical need exists to propagate WT stem cells rapidly and efficiently for high-throughput, real-time drug screening.MethodsPreviously, our lab developed niche conditions that support the propagation of murine NPCs in culture. Applying similar conditions to WTs, we assessed our ability to maintain key NPC "stemness" markers, SIX2, NCAM, and YAP1, and CSC marker ALDHI in cells from five distinct untreated patient tumors.ResultsAccordingly, our culture conditions maintained the expression of these markers in cultured WT cells through multiple passages of rapidly dividing cells.DiscussionThese findings suggest that our culture conditions sustain the WT blastemal population, as previously shown for normal NPCs. As a result, we have developed new WT cell lines and a multi-passage in vitro model for studying the blastemal lineage/CSCs in WTs. Furthermore, this system supports growth of heterogeneous WT cells, upon which potential drug therapies could be tested for efficacy and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M. Wojcik
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Harold N. Lovvorn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Melinda Hollingshead
- Biological Testing Branch/Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Janene Pierce
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Howard Stotler
- Leidos Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Andrew J. Murphy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Suzanne Borgel
- Leidos Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Hannah M. Phelps
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Hernan Correa
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Alan O. Perantoni
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Alan O. Perantoni,
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2
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Heng BC, Zhang X, Aubel D, Bai Y, Li X, Wei Y, Fussenegger M, Deng X. Role of YAP/TAZ in Cell Lineage Fate Determination and Related Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:735. [PMID: 32850847 PMCID: PMC7406690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The penultimate effectors of the Hippo signaling pathways YAP and TAZ, are transcriptional co-activator proteins that play key roles in many diverse biological processes, ranging from cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, mechanosensing and cell lineage fate determination, to wound healing and regeneration. In this review, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ control stem/progenitor cell differentiation into the various major lineages that are of interest to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Of particular interest is the key role of YAP/TAZ in maintaining the delicate balance between quiescence, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous adult stem cells within various tissues/organs during early development, normal homeostasis and regeneration/healing. Finally, we will consider how increasing knowledge of YAP/TAZ signaling might influence the trajectory of future progress in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon C. Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dominique Aubel
- IUTA Department Genie Biologique, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochan Li
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH-Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xuliang Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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3
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Pérez-Linares FJ, Pérezpeña-Diazconti M, García-Quintana J, Baay-Guzmán G, Cabrera-Muñoz L, Sadowinski-Pine S, Serrano-Bello C, Murillo-Maldonado M, Contreras-Ramos A, Eguía-Aguilar P. MicroRNA Profiling in Wilms Tumor: Identification of Potential Biomarkers. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:337. [PMID: 32766179 PMCID: PMC7378594 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant renal tumor in children. With current treatments, ~90% of children diagnosed with WT survive and generally present with tumors characterized by favorable histology (FHWT), whereas prognosis is poor for the remaining 10% of cases where the tumors are characterized by cellular diffuse anaplasia (DAWT). Relatively few studies have investigated microRNA-related epigenetic regulation and its relationship with altered gene expression in WT. Here, we aim to identify microRNAs differentially expressed in WT and describe their expression in terms of cellular anaplasia, metastasis, and association with the main genetic alterations in WT to identify potential prognostic biomarkers. Expression profiling using TaqMan low-density array was performed in a discovery cohort consisting of four DAWT and eight FHWT samples. Relative quantification resulted in the identification of 109 (48.7%) microRNAs differentially expressed in both WT types. Of these, miR-10a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-200b-3p, and miR-218-5p were selected and tested by RT-qPCR on a validation cohort of 53 patient samples. MiR-29a and miR-218 showed significant differences in FHWT with low (P = 0.0018) and high (P = 0.0131) expression, respectively. To discriminate between miRNA expression FHWTs and healthy controls, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were obtained; miR-29a AUC was 0.7843. Furthermore, low expression levels of miR-29a and miR-200b (P = 0.0027 and P = 0.0248) were observed in metastatic tumors. ROC curves for miR-29a discriminated metastatic patients (AUC = 0.8529) and miR-200b (AUC = 0.7757). To confirm the differences between cases with poor prognosis, we performed in situ hybridization for three microRNAs in five DAWT and 17 FHWT samples, and only significant differences between adjacent tissues and FHWT tumors were found for miR-181a, miR-200b, and miR-218, in both total pixels and nuclear analyses. Analysis of copy number variation in genes showed that the most prevalent alterations were WTX (47%), IGF2 (21%), 1q (36%) gain, 1p36 (16%), and WTX deletion/1q duplicate (26%). The five microRNAs evaluated are involved in the Hippo signaling pathway and participate in Wilms tumor development through their effects on differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Jimena Pérez-Linares
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge García-Quintana
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guillermina Baay-Guzmán
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lourdes Cabrera-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Stanislaw Sadowinski-Pine
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos Serrano-Bello
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marco Murillo-Maldonado
- Servicio de Onco-Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Contreras-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo y Teratogénesis Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pilar Eguía-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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4
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Switch-like enhancement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by YAP through feedback regulation of WT1 and Rho-family GTPases. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2797. [PMID: 31243273 PMCID: PMC6594963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective cell migration occurs in many patho-physiological states, including wound healing and invasive cancer growth. The integrity of the expanding epithelial sheets depends on extracellular cues, including cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. We show that the nano-scale topography of the extracellular matrix underlying epithelial cell layers can strongly affect the speed and morphology of the fronts of the expanding sheet, triggering partial and complete epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs). We further demonstrate that this behavior depends on the mechano-sensitivity of the transcription regulator YAP and two new YAP-mediated cross-regulating feedback mechanisms: Wilms Tumor-1-YAP-mediated downregulation of E-cadherin, loosening cell-cell contacts, and YAP-TRIO-Merlin mediated regulation of Rho GTPase family proteins, enhancing cell migration. These YAP-dependent feedback loops result in a switch-like change in the signaling and the expression of EMT-related markers, leading to a robust enhancement in invasive cell spread, which may lead to a worsened clinical outcome in renal and other cancers. Reorganisation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) controls processes involving epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, the authors show that EMT occurring in epithelial cells on a fabricated nano-engineered cell adhesion surface is triggered by mechanical cues from the ECM.
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5
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Menon R, Otto EA, Kokoruda A, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Yoon E, Chen YC, Troyanskaya O, Spence JR, Kretzler M, Cebrián C. Single-cell analysis of progenitor cell dynamics and lineage specification in the human fetal kidney. Development 2018; 145:145/16/dev164038. [PMID: 30166318 PMCID: PMC6124540 DOI: 10.1242/dev.164038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian kidney develops through reciprocal interactions between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme to give rise to the entire collecting system and the nephrons. Most of our knowledge of the developmental regulators driving this process arises from the study of gene expression and functional genetics in mice and other animal models. In order to shed light on human kidney development, we have used single-cell transcriptomics to characterize gene expression in different cell populations, and to study individual cell dynamics and lineage trajectories during development. Single-cell transcriptome analyses of 6414 cells from five individual specimens identified 11 initial clusters of specific renal cell types as defined by their gene expression profile. Further subclustering identifies progenitors, and mature and intermediate stages of differentiation for several renal lineages. Other lineages identified include mesangium, stroma, endothelial and immune cells. Novel markers for these cell types were revealed in the analysis, as were components of key signaling pathways driving renal development in animal models. Altogether, we provide a comprehensive and dynamic gene expression profile of the developing human kidney at the single-cell level. Summary: New markers for specific cell types in the developing human kidney are identified and computational approaches infer developmental trajectories and interrogate the complex network of signaling pathways and cellular transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Edgar A Otto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Austin Kokoruda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jian Zhou
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.,Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Zidong Zhang
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.,Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Olga Troyanskaya
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.,Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Cristina Cebrián
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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6
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Wasik AA, Schiller HB. Functional proteomics of cellular mechanosensing mechanisms. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 71:118-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Ahmed AA, Mohamed AD, Gener M, Li W, Taboada E. YAP and the Hippo pathway in pediatric cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2017; 4:e1295127. [PMID: 28616573 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2017.1295127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an important signaling pathway that controls cell proliferation and apoptosis. It is evolutionarily conserved in mammals and is stimulated by cell-cell contact, inhibiting cell proliferation in response to increased cell density. During early embryonic development, the Hippo signaling pathway regulates organ development and size, and its functions result in the coordinated balance between proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Its principal effectors, YAP and TAZ, regulate signaling by the embryonic stem cells and determine cell fate and histogenesis. Dysfunction of this pathway contributes to cancer development in adults and children. Emerging studies have shed light on the upregulation of Hippo pathway members in several pediatric cancers and may offer prognostic information on rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, and other brain gliomas. We review the results of such published studies and highlight the potential clinical application of this pathway in pediatric oncologic and pathologic studies. These studies support targeting this pathway as a novel treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Melissa Gener
- Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Weijie Li
- Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Eugenio Taboada
- Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
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8
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Cho S, Irianto J, Discher DE. Mechanosensing by the nucleus: From pathways to scaling relationships. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:305-315. [PMID: 28043971 PMCID: PMC5294790 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201610042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cho, Irianto, and Discher review emerging mechanisms of nuclear mechanosensing and propose through meta-analyses of published data the universality of mechanosensing pathways. The nucleus is linked mechanically to the extracellular matrix via multiple polymers that transmit forces to the nuclear envelope and into the nuclear interior. Here, we review some of the emerging mechanisms of nuclear mechanosensing, which range from changes in protein conformation and transcription factor localization to chromosome reorganization and membrane dilation up to rupture. Nuclear mechanosensing encompasses biophysically complex pathways that often converge on the main structural proteins of the nucleus, the lamins. We also perform meta-analyses of public transcriptomics and proteomics data, which indicate that some of the mechanosensing pathways relaying signals from the collagen matrix to the nucleus apply to a broad range of species, tissues, and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangkyun Cho
- Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jerome Irianto
- Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Dennis E Discher
- Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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9
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Keira Y, Wada M, Ishikawa HO. Regulation of Drosophila Development by the Golgi Kinase Four-Jointed. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 123:143-179. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Ma L, Cui J, Xi H, Bian S, Wei B, Chen L. Fat4 suppression induces Yap translocation accounting for the promoted proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:36-47. [PMID: 26575609 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1108488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat4 functions as a Hippo signaling regulator which is involved in mammalian tissue development, differentiation and tumorigenesis. Loss of Fat4 due to frequent gene mutation was detected in a variety of tumors including gastric cancer, where Fat4 was recognized as a tumor suppressor, repressing cancer cell proliferation and adhesion. However, the detailed mechanisms linking Fat4 to its diverse functions and clinicopathological characteristics in gastric cancer remain unclear. Here, we silenced Fat4 using Fat4-shRNA in gastric cancer cells and found that this suppression led to the increase in phosphorylated Yap and nuclear accumulation of Yap, which associated to the promoted proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression. Then we transfected a full-length Fat4 into the Fat4-silenced cells, and found the decrease in phosphorylated Yap and inhibition of the cell cycle progression. Intriguingly, Fat4 reduction also leads to the accumulation of cytoplasmic β-catenin via the loss of restraining to cytoplasmic Yap instead of β-catenin transcription promotion. The Fat4-silenced cells which were treated with 5-FU, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin and Paclitaxel individually demonstrated less sensitivities to these chemotherapy drugs compared with the control cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Fat4 expression was significantly reduced in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues, and negatively correlated with tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis and cumulative survival rate. In conclusion, Fat4 expression is deceased in gastric cancer cells, leading to nuclear translocation of Yap and correlates with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongqing Xi
- a Department of General Surgery , Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853 , China
| | - Shibo Bian
- a Department of General Surgery , Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853 , China
| | - Bo Wei
- a Department of General Surgery , Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853 , China
| | - Lin Chen
- a Department of General Surgery , Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853 , China
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11
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Bonilla X, Parmentier L, King B, Bezrukov F, Kaya G, Zoete V, Seplyarskiy VB, Sharpe HJ, McKee T, Letourneau A, Ribaux PG, Popadin K, Basset-Seguin N, Ben Chaabene R, Santoni FA, Andrianova MA, Guipponi M, Garieri M, Verdan C, Grosdemange K, Sumara O, Eilers M, Aifantis I, Michielin O, de Sauvage FJ, Antonarakis SE, Nikolaev SI. Genomic analysis identifies new drivers and progression pathways in skin basal cell carcinoma. Nat Genet 2016; 48:398-406. [PMID: 26950094 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common malignant neoplasm in humans. BCC is primarily driven by the Sonic Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. However, its phenotypic variation remains unexplained. Our genetic profiling of 293 BCCs found the highest mutation rate in cancer (65 mutations/Mb). Eighty-five percent of the BCCs harbored mutations in Hh pathway genes (PTCH1, 73% or SMO, 20% (P = 6.6 × 10(-8)) and SUFU, 8%) and in TP53 (61%). However, 85% of the BCCs also harbored additional driver mutations in other cancer-related genes. We observed recurrent mutations in MYCN (30%), PPP6C (15%), STK19 (10%), LATS1 (8%), ERBB2 (4%), PIK3CA (2%), and NRAS, KRAS or HRAS (2%), and loss-of-function and deleterious missense mutations were present in PTPN14 (23%), RB1 (8%) and FBXW7 (5%). Consistent with the mutational profiles, N-Myc and Hippo-YAP pathway target genes were upregulated. Functional analysis of the mutations in MYCN, PTPN14 and LATS1 suggested their potential relevance in BCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Bonilla
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Bryan King
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fedor Bezrukov
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - Gürkan Kaya
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Zoete
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir B Seplyarskiy
- Institute of Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hayley J Sharpe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas McKee
- Service of Clinical Pathology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Letourneau
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascale G Ribaux
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Popadin
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Basset-Seguin
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris, France
| | - Rouaa Ben Chaabene
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Federico A Santoni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria A Andrianova
- Institute of Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michel Guipponi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marco Garieri
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carole Verdan
- Service of Clinical Pathology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Grosdemange
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olga Sumara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Eilers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Olivier Michielin
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frederic J de Sauvage
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sergey I Nikolaev
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Liu R, Huang S, Lei Y, Zhang T, Wang K, Liu B, Nice EC, Xiang R, Xie K, Li J, Huang C. FGF8 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by activating YAP1. Oncotarget 2015; 6:935-52. [PMID: 25473897 PMCID: PMC4359266 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The poor prognosis of CRC is mainly due to uncontrolled tumor growth and distant metastases. In this study, we found that the level of FGF8 was elevated in the great majority of CRC cases and high FGF8 expression was significantly correlated with lymph nodes metastasis and worse overall survival. Functional studies showed that FGF8 can induce a more aggressive phenotype displaying epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhanced invasion and growth in CRC cells. Consistent with this, FGF8 can also promote tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models. Bioinformatics and pathological analysis suggested that YAP1 is a potential downstream target of FGF8 in CRC cells. Molecular validation demonstrated that FGF8 fully induced nuclear localization of YAP1 and enhanced transcriptional outcomes such as the expression of CTGF and CYR61, while decreasing YAP1 expression impeded FGF-8–induced cell growth, EMT, migration and invasion, revealing that YAP1 is required for FGF8-mediated CRC growth and metastasis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FGF8 contributes to the proliferative and metastatic capacity of CRC cells and may represent a novel candidate for intervention in tumor growth and metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rong Xiang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Li
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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13
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Abstract
Wilms' tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common pediatric renal cancer. The tumors morphologically resemble embryonic kidneys with a disrupted architecture and are associated with undifferentiated metanephric precursors. Here, we discuss genetic and epigenetic findings in Wilms' tumor in the context of renal development. Many of the genes implicated in Wilms' tumorigenesis are involved in the control of nephron progenitors or the microRNA (miRNA) processing pathway. Whereas the first group of genes has been extensively studied in normal development, the second finding suggests important roles for miRNAs in general-and specific miRNAs in particular-in normal kidney development that still await further analysis. The recent identification of Wilms' tumor cancer stem cells could provide a framework to integrate these pathways and translate them into new or improved therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hohenstein
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom;
| | - Kathy Pritchard-Jones
- UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Jocelyn Charlton
- UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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14
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Ito T, Taniguchi H, Fukagai K, Okamuro S, Kobayashi A. Inhibitory mechanism of FAT4 gene expression in response to actin dynamics during Src-induced carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118336. [PMID: 25679223 PMCID: PMC4334522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic transformation is characterized by morphological changes resulting from alterations in actin dynamics and adhesive activities. Emerging evidence suggests that the protocadherin FAT4 acts as a tumor suppressor in humans, and reduced FAT4 gene expression has been reported in breast and lung cancers and melanoma. However, the mechanism controlling FAT4 gene expression is poorly understood. In this study, we show that transient activation of the Src oncoprotein represses FAT4 mRNA expression through actin depolymerization in the immortalized normal human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A. Src activation causes actin depolymerization via the MEK/Erk/Cofilin cascade. The MEK inhibitor U0126 blocks the inhibitory effect of Src on FAT4 mRNA expression and Src-induced actin depolymerization. To determine whether actin dynamics act on the regulation of FAT4 mRNA expression, we treated MCF-10A cells with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632. Y-27632 treatment decreased FAT4 mRNA expression. This suppressive effect was blocked by siRNA-mediated knockdown of Cofilin1. Furthermore, simultaneous administration of Latrunculin A (an actin depolymerizing agent), Y-27632, and Cofilin1 siRNA to the cells resulted in a marked reduction of FAT4 mRNA expression. Intriguingly, we also found that FAT4 mRNA expression was reduced under both low cell density and low stiffness conditions, which suggests that mechanotransduction affects FAT4 mRNA expression. Additionally, we show that siRNA-mediated FAT4 knockdown induced the activity of the Hippo effector YAP/TAZ in MCF-10A cells. Taken together, our results reveal a novel inhibitory mechanism of FAT4 gene expression through actin depolymerization during Src-induced carcinogenesis in human breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Ito
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kousuke Fukagai
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Okamuro
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Genetic Code, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Kodaka M, Hata Y. The mammalian Hippo pathway: regulation and function of YAP1 and TAZ. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:285-306. [PMID: 25266986 PMCID: PMC11113917 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was originally identified as the signaling that controls organ size in Drosophila, with the core architecture conserved in mammals. In the mammalian Hippo pathway, mammalian Ste20-like kinases (MST1/2) and large tumor suppressor kinases (LATS1/2) regulate transcriptional co-activators, Yes-associated protein (YAP1) and Transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). The Hippo pathway was initially thought to be quite straightforward; however, the identification of additional components has revealed its inherent complexity. Regulation of YAP1 and TAZ is not always dependent on MST1/2 and LATS1/2. MST1/2 and LATS1/2 play various YAP1/TAZ-independent roles, while YAP1 and TAZ cross-talk with other signaling pathways. In this review we focus on YAP1 and TAZ and discuss their regulation, function, and the consequences of their dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kodaka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan
| | - Yutaka Hata
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519 Japan
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16
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Swift J, Discher DE. The nuclear lamina is mechano-responsive to ECM elasticity in mature tissue. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3005-15. [PMID: 24963133 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.149203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
How cells respond to physical cues in order to meet and withstand the physical demands of their immediate surroundings has been of great interest for many years, with current research efforts focused on mechanisms that transduce signals into gene expression. Pathways that mechano-regulate the entry of transcription factors into the cell nucleus are emerging, and our most recent studies show that the mechanical properties of the nucleus itself are actively controlled in response to the elasticity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in both mature and developing tissue. In this Commentary, we review the mechano-responsive properties of nuclei as determined by the intermediate filament lamin proteins that line the inside of the nuclear envelope and that also impact upon transcription factor entry and broader epigenetic mechanisms. We summarize the signaling pathways that regulate lamin levels and cell-fate decisions in response to a combination of ECM mechanics and molecular cues. We will also discuss recent work that highlights the importance of nuclear mechanics in niche anchorage and cell motility during development, hematopoietic differentiation and cancer metastasis, as well as emphasizing a role for nuclear mechanics in protecting chromatin from stress-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Swift
- Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dennis E Discher
- Molecular and Cell Biophysics Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Graf N. Invited reply on PBC-13-0662.R2: biomarkers and Wilms tumor. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:185-6. [PMID: 24376227 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Graf
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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