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Saliyeva S, Boranbayeva R, Bulegenova M, Zhumadullayev B, Nurzhanova G, Manzhuova L. Outcomes of pediatric extracranial germ cell tumors: A single center experience in a developing country. Rare Tumors 2024; 16:20363613231216567. [PMID: 38566825 PMCID: PMC10986168 DOI: 10.1177/20363613231216567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of extracranial GCT in children in a developing country and to assess prognostic factors. The data on 141 children (<18 years old) with extracranial GCT, confirmed histopathologically, collected over the past 9 years (from February 2013 to June 2022) were retrospectively studied. The patients underwent the same therapy with platinum-containing chemotherapy regimens. In the malignant GCT group, OS and EFS were 81.0 ± 4% and 73 ± 5%, respectively. OS and EFS in the teratoma group were 90 ± 5% and 85 ± 6%. In univariate analysis, parameters like stage of disease, tumor localization, AFP level ≥10,000 ng/mL, serum AFP kinetics and resection status were found to be statistically significant prognostic factors. In the multivariate analysis, the significant adverse factors were the resection status, initial AFP level ≥10,000 ng/mL and serum AFP kinetics slow down (p = .000). Good survival rates can be achieved in developing countries with adequate compliance with treatment protocols. The analysis demonstrates high efficacy of platinum-containing chemotherapy regimens. In our opinion, the protocol used in high-income countries can be implemented in low-income countries with the financial support from the government. The qualification of specialists is also important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Symbat Saliyeva
- Oncology/hematology Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Children's Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Riza Boranbayeva
- Oncology/hematology Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Children's Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Minira Bulegenova
- Oncology/hematology Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Children's Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhram Zhumadullayev
- Oncology/hematology Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Gaukhar Nurzhanova
- Oncology/hematology Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Lyazat Manzhuova
- Oncology/hematology Department, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Children's Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Terenziani M, Barretta F, Gattuso G, Bisogno G, Conte M, Crocoli A, De Pasquale MD, Biasoni D, Spreafico F, D'Angelo P. Should we reduce routine surveillance imaging in pediatric germ cell tumors? Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30200. [PMID: 36625403 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper retrospectively investigated the site and the detection method of relapses in children and adolescents with malignant germ cell tumors enrolled in the TCGM-AIEOP-2004 Study and subsequently developed a relapse, in order to evaluate a possible reduction in radiological exposure during follow-up. Including all malignant cases, serum tumor markers identified a relapse in more than 70% and, according to the selection criteria published by Children Oncology Group in 2018, in more than 90% of cases. These results confirm the importance of serum tumor markers as a relapse detection method, with possible reduction of radiology exams in specific subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Terenziani
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Barretta
- Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gattuso
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Bisogno
- Hematology Oncology Division, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Crocoli
- General Surgery Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Debora De Pasquale
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Cell and Gene Therapy Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Biasoni
- Urologic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Spreafico
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo D'Angelo
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, ARNAS "Civico, Di Cristina and Benfratelli" Hospitals, Palermo, Italy
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Sabr WN, Kakamad FH, Salih AM, Salih RQ, Salih KM, Abdullah BA, Hamasaeed AG. Mixed germ cell tumor of sacrococcygeal region; A case report with literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 74:103247. [PMID: 35079377 PMCID: PMC8777134 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wrya N. Sabr
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Fahmi H. Kakamad
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- Corresponding author. Doctor City, Building 11, Apartment 50, Sulaimani, Iraq.
| | - Abdulwahid M. Salih
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rawezh Q. Salih
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Karzan M. Salih
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- Iraqi Board for Medical Specialties, Department of General Surgery, Sulaimani Center, Iraq
| | - Berwn A. Abdullah
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- Kscien Organization, Hamdi Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed G. Hamasaeed
- Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
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Diagnostic, Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors—Past, Present and Future. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020278. [PMID: 35204369 PMCID: PMC8871072 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a heterogenous group of neoplasms in children and young adults, in which serum tumor markers have been demonstrated to be highly sensitive diagnostic and monitoring tools. The known "old" serum biomarkers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human choriogonadotropin (β-hCG) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), have some limitations in sensitivity and specificity. MIRNAs from the miR-371~373 (chromosomal locus 19q13.41) and miR-302/367 (4q25) clusters are universally over-expressed in malignant GCT tissue samples. The levels of miRNAs from these clusters are elevated in the serum. They seem to be highly sensitive and specific in malignant GCTs diagnosis and disease assessment during treatment and follow-up. The aim of our review was to present the role of serum tumor markers in the clinical staging, treatment monitoring and follow-up of pediatric patients with GCTs and show new possibilities. The serum levels of miRNAs seem to be a new, promising essential tool in the clinical management of GCTs.
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Pediatric Extraspinal Sacrococcygeal Ependymoma: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091680. [PMID: 34574021 PMCID: PMC8471863 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent the most common solid tumors in childhood. Ependymomas arise from ependymal cells lining the wall of ventricles or central canal of spinal cord and their occurrence outside the CNS is extremely rare, published in the literature as case reports or small case series. We present two cases of extra-CNS myxopapillary ependymomas treated at our institution in the past three years; both cases originate in the sacrococcygeal region and were initially misdiagnosed as epidermoid cyst and germ cell tumor, respectively. The first case, which arose in a 9-year-old girl, was treated with a surgical excision in two stages, due to the non-radical manner of the first operation; no recurrence was observed after two years of follow-up. The other case was a 12-year-old boy who was treated with a complete resection and showed no evidence of recurrence at one-year follow-up. In this paper, we report our experience in treating an extremely rare disease that lacks a standardized approach to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up; in addition, we perform a literature review of the past 35 years.
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