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He S, Long W, Hai C, Chen H, Tang C, Rong X, Yang J, Fu H. Rapid identification of traditional Chinese medicines (Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos) and their origins using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123639. [PMID: 37979539 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF) and Lonicerae flos (LF) are important traditional Chinese medicine with various effects and prescription compatibility. The accurate identification of LJF and LF and their geographical origin are of great significance to the quality control and correct medication. In this work, a simple, rapid and efficient strategy for identification of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos and their geographical origin was proposed by combining excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) with chemometrics. Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) spectra of LJF and LF samples were characterized by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to acquire chemically meaningful information. Classification models were built using three chemometric methods, including partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) and random forest (RF). These models were utilized to identify LJF and LF and their geographical origin. Results revealed that PCA-LDA model gained the optimal performance with 100% classification accuracy for distinguishing between LJF and LJF from different geographical origin. Therefore, the proposed strategy could be a competitive alternative for fast and accurate differentiation of LJF and LF and their geographical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song He
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wanjun Long
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengying Hai
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hengye Chen
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chuanjie Tang
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ximeng Rong
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Li S, Zhang H, Huai J, Wang H, Li S, Zhuang L, Zhang J. An online preparative high-performance liquid chromatography system with enrichment and purification modes for the efficient and systematic separation of Panax notoginseng saponins. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464378. [PMID: 37741221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an online preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) system based on the combination of the enrichment and purification modes for the efficient and systematic separation of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) was achieved. Five separation columns were used for the first and second separation of target components, eighteen trap columns were used to capture the effluents from the first separation or loading the trapped sample effluents, and a two-position eight-port valve was used to switch between the first and second separations. The conditions for the first and second separation of PNS were simulated and optimized with the online prep-HPLC system. Then, the PNS were separated using optimized chromatographic conditions. Notably, 14 monomer compounds with >90% purity (11 compounds with purity >97%) were simultaneously isolated from PNS using the above self-developed device, and their chemical structures were identified. Moreover, the separation time was less than 33.0 h. After 6 repeated enrichment and purification, the weight of each compound obtained was more than 5.0 mg, with compound 2 weighing over 900 mg. In brief, the self-developed prep-HPLC system, which integrated enrichment and purification, is suitable for the efficient and systematic separation of PNS and has broad application prospects, especially for the separation of complex chemical components in natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Jie Huai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Huixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Shengfu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Linwu Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China.
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China; College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222000, China.
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Yin Q, Zhang X, Liao S, Huang X, Wan CC, Wang Y. Potential anticoagulant of traditional chinese medicine and novel targets for anticoagulant drugs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154880. [PMID: 37267694 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticoagulants are the main drugs used for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. Currently, anticoagulant drugs are primarily multitarget heparin drugs, single-target FXa inhibitors and FIIa inhibitors. In addition, some traditional Chinese drugs also have anticoagulant effects, but they are not the main direction of treatment at present. But the anticoagulant drugs mentioned above, all have a common side effect is bleeding. Many other anticoagulation targets are under investigation. With further exploration of coagulation mechanism, how to further determine new anticoagulant targets and how to make traditional Chinese medicine play anticoagulant role have become a new field of exploration. PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to summarize the recent research progress on coagulation mechanisms, new anticoagulant targets and traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using four electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang database and ClinicalTrials.gov, from the inception of the study to 28 Feb 2023. Key words used in the literature search were "anticoagulation", "anticoagulant targets", "new targets", "coagulation mechanisms", "potential anticoagulant", "herb medicine", "botanical medicine", "Chinese medicine", "traditional Chinese medicine", "blood coagulation factor", keywords are linked with AND/OR. Recent findings on coagulation mechanisms, potential anticoagulant targets and traditional Chinese medicine were studied. RESULTS The active components extracted from the Chinese medicinal herbs, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Chuanxiong rhizoma, safflower and Panax notoginseng have obvious anticoagulant effects and can be used as potential anticoagulant drugs, but the risk of bleeding is unclear. TF/FVIIa, FVIII, FIX, FXI, FXII, and FXIII have all been evaluated as targets in animal studies or clinical trials. FIX and FXI are the most studied anticoagulant targets, but FXI inhibitors have shown stronger advantages. CONCLUSION This review of potential anticoagulants provides a comprehensive resource. Literature analysis suggests that FXI inhibitors can be used as potential anticoagulant candidates. In addition, we should not ignore the anticoagulant effect of traditional Chinese medicine, and look forward to more research and the emergence of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinan Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR. China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR. China
| | - Suqing Liao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR. China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR. China
| | - Chunpeng Craig Wan
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Post-Harvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Nanchang 330045, PR. China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR. China.
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Feng M, Dai X, Yang C, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Qu Q, Sheng M, Li Z, Peng X, Cen S, Shi X. Unification of medicines and excipients: The roles of natural excipients for promoting drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:597-620. [PMID: 37150753 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2210835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug delivery systems (DDSs) formed by natural active compounds be instrumental in developing new green excipients and novel DDS from natural active compounds (NACs). 'Unification of medicines and excipients'(UME), the special inherent nature of the natural active compounds, provides the inspiration and conduction to achieve this goal. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the typical types of NACs from herbal medicine, such as saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc. that act as excipients and their main application in DDS. The comparison of the drug delivery systems formed by NACs and common materials and the primary formation mechanisms of these NACs are also introduced to provide a deepened understanding of their performance in DDS. EXPERT OPINION Many natural bioactive compounds, such as saponins, polysaccharides, etc. have been used in DDS. Diversity of structure and pharmacological effects of NACs turn out the unique advantages in improving the performance of DDSs like targeting ability, adhesion, encapsulation efficiency(EE), etc. and enhancing the bioavailability of loaded drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfang Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Production Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiting Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Tian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengke Sheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhui Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Cen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyuan Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Production Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing, China
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Wu Z, Xue Q, Miao P, Li C, Liu X, Cheng Y, Miao K, Yu Y, Li Z. Deep Learning Network of Amomum villosum Quality Classification and Origin Identification Based on X-ray Technology. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091775. [PMID: 37174313 PMCID: PMC10178663 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A machine vision system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) was proposed to sort Amomum villosum using X-ray non-destructive testing technology in this study. The Amomum villosum fruit network (AFNet) algorithm was developed to identify the internal structure for quality classification and origin identification in this manuscript. This network model is composed of experimental features of Amomum villosum. In this study, we adopted a binary classification method twice consecutive to identify the origin and quality of Amomum villosum. The results show that the accuracy, precision, and specificity of the AFNet for quality classification were 96.33%, 96.27%, and 100.0%, respectively, achieving higher accuracy than traditional CNN under the condition of faster operation speed. In addition, the model can also achieve an accuracy of 90.60% for the identification of places of origin. The accuracy of multi-category classification performed later with the consistent network structure is lower than that of the cascaded CNNs solution. With this intelligent feature recognition model, the internal structure information of Amomum villosum can be determined based on X-ray technology. Its application will play a positive role to improve industrial production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyou Wu
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qilong Xue
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Peiqi Miao
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- Tianjin Modern Innovative TCM Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Chenfei Li
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xinlong Liu
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yukang Cheng
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kunhong Miao
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Xin-Huangpu Joint Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Comparative analysis of infrared and electrochemical fingerprints of different medicinal parts of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Liu C, Zuo Z, Xu F, Wang Y. Study of the suitable climate factors and geographical origins traceability of Panax notoginseng based on correlation analysis and spectral images combined with machine learning. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1009727. [PMID: 36825249 PMCID: PMC9941628 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cultivation and sale of medicinal plants are some of the main ways to meet the increased market demand for plant-based drugs. Panax notoginseng is a widely used Chinese medicinal material. The growth and accumulation of bioactive constituents mainly depend on a satisfactory growing environment. Additionally, the occurrence of market fraud means that care should be taken when purchasing. METHODS In this study, we report the correlation between saponins and climate factors based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and evaluate the influence of climate factors on the quality of P. notoginseng. In addition, the synchronous two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) images of near infrared (NIR) data combined with the deep learning model were applied to traceability of geographic origins of P. notoginseng at two different levels (district and town levels). RESULTS The results indicated that the contents of saponins in P. notoginseng are negatively related to the annual mean temperature and the temperature annual range. A lower annual mean temperature and temperature annual range are favorable for the content accumulation of saponins. Additionally, high annual precipitation and high humidity are conducive to the content accumulation of Notoginsenoside R1 (NG-R1), Ginsenosides Rg1 (G-Rg1), and Ginsenosides Rb1 (G-Rb1), while Ginsenosides Rd (G-Rd), this is not the case. Regarding geographic origins, classifications at two different levels could be successfully distinguished through synchronous 2D-COS images combined with the residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) model. The model accuracy of the training set, test set, and external validation is achieved at 100%, and the cross-entropy loss function curves are lower. This demonstrated the potential feasibility of the proposed method for P. notoginseng geographic origin traceability, even if the distance between sampling points is small. DISCUSSION The findings of this study could improve the quality of P. notoginseng, provide a reference for cultivating P. notoginseng in the future and alleviate the occurrence of market fraud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Liu
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Collge of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhitian Zuo
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Furong Xu
- Collge of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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