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Audouard E, Khefif N, Gillet-Legrand B, Nobilleau F, Bouazizi O, Stanga S, Despres G, Alves S, Lamazière A, Cartier N, Piguet F. Modulation of Brain Cholesterol Metabolism through CYP46A1 Overexpression for Rett Syndrome. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:756. [PMID: 38931878 PMCID: PMC11207948 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation in the X-linked gene methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (Mecp2), a ubiquitously expressed transcriptional regulator. RTT results in mental retardation and developmental regression that affects approximately 1 in 10,000 females. Currently, there is no curative treatment for RTT. Thus, it is crucial to develop new therapeutic approaches for children suffering from RTT. Several studies suggested that RTT is linked with defects in cholesterol homeostasis, but for the first time, therapeutic evaluation is carried out by modulating this pathway. Moreover, AAV-based CYP46A1 overexpression, the enzyme involved in cholesterol pathway, has been demonstrated to be efficient in several neurodegenerative diseases. Based on these data, we strongly believe that CYP46A1 could be a relevant therapeutic target for RTT. Herein, we evaluated the effects of intravenous AAVPHP.eB-hCYP46A1-HA delivery in male and female Mecp2-deficient mice. The applied AAVPHP.eB-hCYP46A1 transduced essential neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). CYP46A1 overexpression alleviates behavioral alterations in both male and female Mecp2 knockout mice and extends the lifespan in Mecp2-deficient males. Several parameters related to cholesterol pathway are improved and correction of mitochondrial activity is demonstrated in treated mice, which highlighted the clear therapeutic benefit of CYP46A1 through the neuroprotection effect. IV delivery of AAVPHP.eB-CYP46A1 is perfectly well tolerated with no inflammation observed in the CNS of the treated mice. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that CYP46A1 is a relevant target and overexpression could alleviate the phenotype of Rett patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Audouard
- TIDU GENOV, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France;
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Nicolas Khefif
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Béatrix Gillet-Legrand
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Fanny Nobilleau
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Ouafa Bouazizi
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Serena Stanga
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Gaëtan Despres
- Saint Antoine Research Center, INSERM UMR 938, Département de Métabolomique Clinique, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sandro Alves
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- Saint Antoine Research Center, INSERM UMR 938, Département de Métabolomique Clinique, Hôpital Saint Antoine, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Cartier
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
| | - Françoise Piguet
- TIDU GENOV, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France;
- Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France (B.G.-L.); (S.A.)
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2
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Fan C, Liu F, Li S, Li J, Zhao H, Zeng X. Potential role of Bcl2 in lipid metabolism and synaptic dysfunction of age-related hearing loss. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106320. [PMID: 37813166 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent condition affecting millions of individuals globally. This study investigated the role of the cell survival regulator Bcl2 in ARHL through in vitro and in vivo experiments and metabolomics analysis. The results showed that the lack of Bcl2 in the auditory cortex affects lipid metabolism, resulting in reduced synaptic function and neurodegeneration. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated enrichment of Bcl2 in specific areas of the auditory cortex, including the secondary auditory cortex, dorsal and ventral areas, and primary somatosensory cortex. In ARHL rats, a significant decrease in Bcl2 expression was observed in these areas. RNAseq analysis showed that the downregulation of Bcl2 altered lipid metabolism pathways within the auditory pathway, which was further confirmed by metabolomics analysis. These results suggest that Bcl2 plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism, synaptic function, and neurodegeneration in ARHL; thereby, it could be a potential therapeutic target. We also revealed that Bcl2 probably has a close connection with lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurring in cochlear hair cells and cortical neurons in ARHL. The study also identified changes in hair cells, spiral ganglion cells, and nerve fiber density as consequences of Bcl2 deficiency, which could potentially contribute to the inner ear nerve blockage and subsequent hearing loss. Therefore, targeting Bcl2 may be a promising potential therapeutic intervention for ARHL. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ARHL and may pave the way for novel treatment approaches for this prevalent age-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China.
| | - Huasong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China; Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Cong Fan
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Feiyi Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China.
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3
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Frajerman A, Chaumette B, Farabos D, Despres G, Simonard C, Lamazière A, Krebs MO, Kebir O. Membrane Lipids in Ultra-High-Risk Patients: Potential Predictive Biomarkers of Conversion to Psychosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:2215. [PMID: 37432345 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in membrane lipids are reported in schizophrenia. However, no conclusion can be drawn regarding the extended and predictive value of these alterations in persons at ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR). Recent studies suggested that sterols' impact on psychiatric disorders was underestimated. Here, we simultaneously explored sterols, fatty acids (FA), and phospholipids (PL) in UHR persons for the first time. We analysed erythrocyte membrane lipids in 61 UHR persons, including 29 who later converted to psychosis (UHR-C) and 32 who did not (UHC-NC). We used gas chromatography for FA and liquid chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry for sterols and phospholipids. Among UHR individuals, elevated baseline membrane linoleic acid level was associated with conversion to psychosis (26.1% vs. 60.5%, p = 0.02). Combining sterols, FA, and PL membrane composition improved the prediction of psychosis onset (AUC = 0.73). This is the first report showing that membrane sterol participates, with other membrane lipids, in modulating the risk of psychosis. It suggests that membrane lipids could be used as biomarkers for personalised medicine in UHR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Frajerman
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Boris Chaumette
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, F-75674 Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Dominique Farabos
- INSERM UMR S 938, Département METOMICS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Gaétan Despres
- INSERM UMR S 938, Département METOMICS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Christelle Simonard
- INSERM UMR S 938, Département METOMICS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- INSERM UMR S 938, Département METOMICS, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, F-75674 Paris, France
| | - Oussama Kebir
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014 Paris, France
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, F-75674 Paris, France
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4
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Profiling of ob/ob mice skeletal muscle exosome-like vesicles demonstrates combined action of miRNAs, proteins and lipids to modulate lipid homeostasis in recipient cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21626. [PMID: 34732797 PMCID: PMC8566600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have determined the lipid, protein and miRNA composition of skeletal muscle (SkM)-released extracellular vesicles (ELVs) from Ob/ob (OB) vs wild-type (WT) mice. The results showed that atrophic insulin-resistant OB-SkM released less ELVs than WT-SkM, highlighted by a RAB35 decrease and an increase in intramuscular cholesterol content. Proteomic analyses of OB-ELVs revealed a group of 37 proteins functionally connected, involved in lipid oxidation and with catalytic activities. OB-ELVs had modified contents for phosphatidylcholine (PC 34-4, PC 40-3 and PC 34-0), sphingomyelin (Sm d18:1/18:1) and ceramides (Cer d18:1/18:0) and were enriched in cholesterol, likely to alleviated intracellular accumulation. Surprisingly many ELV miRNAs had a nuclear addressing sequence, and targeted genes encoding proteins with nuclear activities. Interestingly, SkM-ELV miRNA did not target mitochondria. The most significant function targeted by the 7 miRNAs altered in OB-ELVs was lipid metabolism. In agreement, OB-ELVs induced lipid storage in recipient adipocytes and increased lipid up-take and fatty acid oxidation in recipient muscle cells. In addition, OB-ELVs altered insulin-sensitivity and induced atrophy in muscle cells, reproducing the phenotype of the releasing OB muscles. These data suggest for the first time, a cross-talk between muscle cells and adipocytes, through the SkM-ELV route, in favor of adipose tissue expansion.
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5
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Kacher R, Lamazière A, Heck N, Kappes V, Mounier C, Despres G, Dembitskaya Y, Perrin E, Christaller W, Sasidharan Nair S, Messent V, Cartier N, Vanhoutte P, Venance L, Saudou F, Néri C, Caboche J, Betuing S. CYP46A1 gene therapy deciphers the role of brain cholesterol metabolism in Huntington's disease. Brain 2020; 142:2432-2450. [PMID: 31286142 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions in brain cholesterol homeostasis have been extensively related to brain disorders. The main pathway for brain cholesterol elimination is its hydroxylation into 24S-hydroxycholesterol by the cholesterol 24-hydrolase, CYP46A1. Increasing evidence suggests that CYP46A1 has a role in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, and that increasing its levels in the brain is neuroprotective. However, the mechanisms underlying this neuroprotection remain to be fully understood. Huntington's disease is a fatal autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by an abnormal CAG expansion in huntingtin's gene. Among the multiple cellular and molecular dysfunctions caused by this mutation, altered brain cholesterol homeostasis has been described in patients and animal models as a critical event in Huntington's disease. Here, we demonstrate that a gene therapy approach based on the delivery of CYP46A1, the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol degradation in the brain, has a long-lasting neuroprotective effect in Huntington's disease and counteracts multiple detrimental effects of the mutated huntingtin. In zQ175 Huntington's disease knock-in mice, CYP46A1 prevented neuronal dysfunctions and restored cholesterol homeostasis. These events were associated to a specific striatal transcriptomic signature that compensates for multiple mHTT-induced dysfunctions. We thus explored the mechanisms for these compensations and showed an improvement of synaptic activity and connectivity along with the stimulation of the proteasome and autophagy machineries, which participate to the clearance of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) aggregates. Furthermore, BDNF vesicle axonal transport and TrkB endosome trafficking were restored in a cellular model of Huntington's disease. These results highlight the large-scale beneficial effect of restoring cholesterol homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases and give new opportunities for developing innovative disease-modifying strategies in Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Kacher
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- LBM, CNRS UMR7203/INSERM U1157, Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Département PM2, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Heck
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Kappes
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Coline Mounier
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Gaëtan Despres
- LBM, CNRS UMR7203/INSERM U1157, Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Département PM2, Paris, France
| | - Yulia Dembitskaya
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, College de France, CNRS UMR7241/INSERM U1050, MemoLife Labex Paris, France
| | - Elodie Perrin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, College de France, CNRS UMR7241/INSERM U1050, MemoLife Labex Paris, France
| | - Wilhelm Christaller
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Satish Sasidharan Nair
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit Biology of Adaptation and Aging (B2A), Team Compensation in Neurodegenerative and Aging (Brain-C), F-75252, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Messent
- Neuroplasticity of Reproductive Behaviors, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Cartier
- Biotherapies for neurodegenerative diseases, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle (ICM) INSERM Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Peter Vanhoutte
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Venance
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, College de France, CNRS UMR7241/INSERM U1050, MemoLife Labex Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Saudou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Néri
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit Biology of Adaptation and Aging (B2A), Team Compensation in Neurodegenerative and Aging (Brain-C), F-75252, Paris, France
| | - Jocelyne Caboche
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Betuing
- Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS UMR 8246/INSERM U1130., Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Tessarech M, Gorce M, Boussion F, Bault J, Triau S, Charif M, Khiaty S, Delorme B, Guichet A, Ziegler A, Bris C, Laquerrière A, Fallet‐Bianco C, Jacquette A, Salhi H, Héron D, Reynier P, Procaccio V, Bonneau D, Colin E. Second report of RING finger protein 113A (
RNF113A)
involvement in a Mendelian disorder. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 182:565-569. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Tessarech
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
| | - Magali Gorce
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
| | - Françoise Boussion
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyAngers University Hospital Angers France
| | - Jean‐Philippe Bault
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsCHI Poissy‐Saint‐Germain Poissy France
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsCH Bicêtre Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
| | - Stéphane Triau
- Department of PathologyAngers University Hospital Angers France
| | - Majida Charif
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Salim Khiaty
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Benoit Delorme
- Department of RadiologyAngers University Hospital Angers France
| | - Agnès Guichet
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
| | - Alban Ziegler
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Céline Bris
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Annie Laquerrière
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine Rouen France
- Department of PathologyRouen University Hospital Rouen France
| | | | | | - Houria Salhi
- Department of PathologyCochin Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, APHP Paris France
| | - Delphine Héron
- Department of Medical GeneticsTrousseau Hospital, APHP Paris France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
| | - Estelle Colin
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsAngers University Hospital Angers France
- UMR CNRS 6015‐INSERM 1083 and PREMMIMitovasc Institute Angers France
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7
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Nóbrega C, Mendonça L, Marcelo A, Lamazière A, Tomé S, Despres G, Matos CA, Mechmet F, Langui D, den Dunnen W, de Almeida LP, Cartier N, Alves S. Restoring brain cholesterol turnover improves autophagy and has therapeutic potential in mouse models of spinocerebellar ataxia. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 138:837-858. [PMID: 31197505 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are devastating neurodegenerative disorders for which no curative or preventive therapies are available. Deregulation of brain cholesterol metabolism and impaired brain cholesterol turnover have been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. SCA3 or Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is the most prevalent ataxia worldwide. We show that cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1), the key enzyme allowing efflux of brain cholesterol and activating brain cholesterol turnover, is decreased in cerebellar extracts from SCA3 patients and SCA3 mice. We investigated whether reinstating CYP46A1 expression would improve the disease phenotype of SCA3 mouse models. We show that administration of adeno-associated viral vectors encoding CYP46A1 to a lentiviral-based SCA3 mouse model reduces mutant ataxin-3 accumulation, which is a hallmark of SCA3, and preserves neuronal markers. In a transgenic SCA3 model with a severe motor phenotype we confirm that cerebellar delivery of AAVrh10-CYP46A1 is strongly neuroprotective in adult mice with established pathology. CYP46A1 significantly decreases ataxin-3 protein aggregation, alleviates motor impairments and improves SCA3-associated neuropathology. In particular, improvement in Purkinje cell number and reduction of cerebellar atrophy are observed in AAVrh10-CYP46A1-treated mice. Conversely, we show that knocking-down CYP46A1 in normal mouse brain impairs cholesterol metabolism, induces motor deficits and produces strong neurodegeneration with impairment of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, a phenotype closely resembling that of SCA3. Remarkably, we demonstrate for the first time both in vitro, in a SCA3 cellular model, and in vivo, in mouse brain, that CYP46A1 activates autophagy, which is impaired in SCA3, leading to decreased mutant ataxin-3 deposition. More broadly, we show that the beneficial effect of CYP46A1 is also observed with mutant ataxin-2 aggregates. Altogether, our results confirm a pivotal role for CYP46A1 and brain cholesterol metabolism in neuronal function, pointing to a key contribution of the neuronal cholesterol pathway in mechanisms mediating clearance of aggregate-prone proteins. This study identifies CYP46A1 as a relevant therapeutic target not only for SCA3 but also for other SCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clévio Nóbrega
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Mendonça
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adriana Marcelo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Département PM2, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Tomé
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gaetan Despres
- INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Département PM2, Paris, France
| | - Carlos A Matos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fatich Mechmet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
- Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Dominique Langui
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bd de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Wilfred den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Nathalie Cartier
- INSERM U1169 92265 Fontenay aux Roses and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France.
- INSERM U1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 bd de l'hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Sandro Alves
- Brainvectis, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l'Hôpital Paris, 75646, Paris, CEDEX 13, France.
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8
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Petracchi F, Sisterna S, Igarzabal L, Wilkins-Haug L. Fetal cardiac abnormalities: Genetic etiologies to be considered. Prenat Diagn 2019; 39:758-780. [PMID: 31087396 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart diseases are a common prenatal finding. The prenatal identification of an associated genetic syndrome or a major extracardiac anomaly helps to understand the etiopathogenic diagnosis. Besides, it also assesses the prognosis, management, and familial recurrence risk while strongly influences parental decision to choose termination of pregnancy or postnatal care. This review article describes the most common genetic diagnoses associated with a prenatal finding of a congenital heart disease and a suggested diagnostic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Petracchi
- Sección Genética Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, CEMIC Instituto Universitario, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Sisterna
- Sección Genética Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, CEMIC Instituto Universitario, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Igarzabal
- Sección Genética Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, CEMIC Instituto Universitario, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Louise Wilkins-Haug
- Harvard Medical School Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine Division Chief Maternal Fetal Medicine and Reproductive Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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9
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Plat J, Baumgartner S, Vanmierlo T, Lütjohann D, Calkins KL, Burrin DG, Guthrie G, Thijs C, Te Velde AA, Vreugdenhil ACE, Sverdlov R, Garssen J, Wouters K, Trautwein EA, Wolfs TG, van Gorp C, Mulder MT, Riksen NP, Groen AK, Mensink RP. Plant-based sterols and stanols in health & disease: "Consequences of human development in a plant-based environment?". Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:87-102. [PMID: 30822462 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dietary plant sterols and stanols as present in our diet and in functional foods are well-known for their inhibitory effects on intestinal cholesterol absorption, which translates into lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. However, emerging evidence suggests that plant sterols and stanols have numerous additional health effects, which are largely unnoticed in the current scientific literature. Therefore, in this review we pose the intriguing question "What would have occurred if plant sterols and stanols had been discovered and embraced by disciplines such as immunology, hepatology, pulmonology or gastroenterology before being positioned as cholesterol-lowering molecules?" What would then have been the main benefits and fields of application of plant sterols and stanols today? We here discuss potential effects ranging from its presence and function intrauterine and in breast milk towards a potential role in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cardiovascular disease (CVD), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and allergic asthma. Interestingly, effects clearly depend on the route of entrance as observed in intestinal-failure associated liver disease (IFALD) during parenteral nutrition regimens. It is only until recently that effects beyond lowering of cholesterol concentrations are being explored systematically. Thus, there is a clear need to understand the full health effects of plant sterols and stanols.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - S Baumgartner
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - T Vanmierlo
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute (Biomed) Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Division of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - D Lütjohann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - K L Calkins
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, Neonatal Research Center, USA
| | - D G Burrin
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - G Guthrie
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - C Thijs
- Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - A A Te Velde
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - A C E Vreugdenhil
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R Sverdlov
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J Garssen
- Utrecht University, Division Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - K Wouters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - T G Wolfs
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - C van Gorp
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M T Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rotterdam University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A K Groen
- Amsterdam Diabetes Center and Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R P Mensink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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10
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Besnard T, Sloboda N, Goldenberg A, Küry S, Cogné B, Breheret F, Trochu E, Conrad S, Vincent M, Deb W, Balguerie X, Barbarot S, Baujat G, Ben-Omran T, Bursztejn AC, Carmignac V, Datta AN, Delignières A, Faivre L, Gardie B, Guéant JL, Kuentz P, Lenglet M, Nassogne MC, Ramaekers V, Schnur RE, Si Y, Torti E, Thevenon J, Vabres P, Van Maldergem L, Wand D, Wiedemann A, Cariou B, Redon R, Lamazière A, Bézieau S, Feillet F, Isidor B. Biallelic pathogenic variants in the lanosterol synthase gene LSS involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis cause alopecia with intellectual disability, a rare recessive neuroectodermal syndrome. Genet Med 2019; 21:2025-2035. [DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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11
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New splicing pathogenic variant in EBP causing extreme familial variability of Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1784-1790. [PMID: 30135486 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX2 or Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome, MIM #302960) is caused by mutations in the EBP gene. Affected female patients present with Blaschkolinear ichthyosis, coarse hair or alopecia, short stature, and normal psychomotor development. The disease is usually lethal in boys. Nevertheless, few male patients have been reported; they carry a somatic mosaicism in EBP or present with Klinefelter syndrome. Here, we report CDPX2 patients belonging to a three-generation family, carrying the splice variant c.301 + 5 G > C in intron 2 of EBP. The grandfather carries the variant as mosaic state and presents with short stature and mild ichthyosis. The mother also presents with short stature and mild ichthyosis and the female fetus with severe limb and vertebrae abnormalities and no skin lesions, with random X inactivation in both. This further characterizes the phenotypical spectrum of CDPX2, as well as intrafamilial variability, and raises the question of differential EBP mRNA splicing between the different target tissues.
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12
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Dendrogenin A drives LXR to trigger lethal autophagy in cancers. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1903. [PMID: 29199269 PMCID: PMC5712521 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrogenin A (DDA) is a newly discovered cholesterol metabolite with tumor suppressor properties. Here, we explored its efficacy and mechanism of cell death in melanoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that DDA induced lethal autophagy in vitro and in vivo, including primary AML patient samples, independently of melanoma Braf status or AML molecular and cytogenetic classifications. DDA is a partial agonist on liver-X-receptor (LXR) increasing Nur77, Nor1, and LC3 expression leading to autolysosome formation. Moreover, DDA inhibited the cholesterol biosynthesizing enzyme 3β-hydroxysterol-Δ8,7-isomerase (D8D7I) leading to sterol accumulation and cooperating in autophagy induction. This mechanism of death was not observed with other LXR ligands or D8D7I inhibitors establishing DDA selectivity. The potent anti-tumor activity of DDA, its original mechanism of action and its low toxicity support its clinical evaluation. More generally, this study reveals that DDA can direct control a nuclear receptor to trigger lethal autophagy in cancers.
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13
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Boussicault L, Alves S, Lamazière A, Planques A, Heck N, Moumné L, Despres G, Bolte S, Hu A, Pagès C, Galvan L, Piguet F, Aubourg P, Cartier N, Caboche J, Betuing S. CYP46A1, the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol degradation, is neuroprotective in Huntington's disease. Brain 2016; 139:953-70. [PMID: 26912634 PMCID: PMC4766376 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by abnormal polyglutamine expansion in huntingtin (Exp-HTT) leading to degeneration of striatal neurons. Altered brain cholesterol homeostasis has been implicated in Huntington’s disease, with increased accumulation of cholesterol in striatal neurons yet reduced levels of cholesterol metabolic precursors. To elucidate these two seemingly opposing dysregulations, we investigated the expression of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1), the neuronal-specific and rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol conversion to 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC). CYP46A1 protein levels were decreased in the putamen, but not cerebral cortex samples, of post-mortem Huntington’s disease patients when compared to controls.
Cyp46A1
mRNA and CYP46A1 protein levels were also decreased in the striatum of the R6/2 Huntington’s disease mouse model and in ST
hdh
Q111 cell lines.
In vivo
, in a wild-type context, knocking down CYP46A1 expression in the striatum, via an adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of selective shCYP46A1, reproduced the Huntington’s disease phenotype, with spontaneous striatal neuron degeneration and motor deficits, as assessed by rotarod.
In vitro
, CYP46A1 restoration protected ST
hdh
Q111 and Exp-HTT-expressing striatal neurons in culture from cell death. In the R6/2 Huntington’s disease mouse model, adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of CYP46A1 into the striatum decreased neuronal atrophy, decreased the number, intensity level and size of Exp-HTT aggregates and improved motor deficits, as assessed by rotarod and clasping behavioural tests. Adeno-associated virus-CYP46A1 infection in R6/2 mice also restored levels of cholesterol and lanosterol and increased levels of desmosterol.
In vitro
, lanosterol and desmosterol were found to protect striatal neurons expressing Exp-HTT from death. We conclude that restoring CYP46A1 activity in the striatum promises a new therapeutic approach in Huntington’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Boussicault
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandro Alves
- 2 INSERM U1169, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, MIRCEN CEA and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- 3 Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, INSERM ERL 1157, CNRS UMR 7203 LBM, Sorbonne Universités- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CHU Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Anabelle Planques
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France 4 Development and Neuropharmacology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, INSERM CNRS 7141. Collège de France
| | - Nicolas Heck
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lara Moumné
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gaëtan Despres
- 3 Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, INSERM ERL 1157, CNRS UMR 7203 LBM, Sorbonne Universités- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CHU Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Susanne Bolte
- 5 Cellular Imaging Facility, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine CNRS FR, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Hu
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France 6 Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Christiane Pagès
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurie Galvan
- 7 Semel Institute, University California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Francoise Piguet
- 8 Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), UMR 7104 CNRS/UdS, INSERM U964, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Aubourg
- 2 INSERM U1169, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, MIRCEN CEA and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Nathalie Cartier
- 2 INSERM U1169, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, MIRCEN CEA and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Jocelyne Caboche
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Betuing
- 1 Neuronal Signaling and Gene Regulation, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, INSERM/UMR-S 1130, CNRS/UMR 8246, 75005 Paris, France
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14
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DeAngelis AM, Roy-O'Reilly M, Rodriguez A. Genetic alterations affecting cholesterol metabolism and human fertility. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:117. [PMID: 25122065 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.119883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent genetic variations among individuals in a population. In medicine, these small variations in the DNA sequence may significantly impact an individual's response to certain drugs or influence the risk of developing certain diseases. In the field of reproductive medicine, a significant amount of research has been devoted to identifying polymorphisms which may impact steroidogenesis and fertility. This review discusses current understanding of the effects of genetic variations in cholesterol metabolic pathways on human fertility that bridge novel linkages between cholesterol metabolism and reproductive health. For example, the role of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) in cellular metabolism and human reproduction has been well studied, whereas there is now an emerging body of research on the role of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) in human lipid metabolism and female reproduction. Identifying and understanding how polymorphisms in the SCARB1 gene or other genes related to lipid metabolism impact human physiology is essential and will play a major role in the development of personalized medicine for improved diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annabelle Rodriguez
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
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15
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Saha S, Walia S, Kundu A, Kaur C, Singh J, Sisodia R. Capsaicinoids, Tocopherol, and Sterols Content in Chili (Capsicumsp.) by Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Determination. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2013.833222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Premature atherosclerosis is not systematic in phytosterolemic patients: Severe hypercholesterolemia as a confounding factor in five subjects. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:162-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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17
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Sharpe LJ, Burns V, Brown AJ. A Lipidomic Perspective on Intermediates in Cholesterol Synthesis as Indicators of Disease Status. J Genet Genomics 2014; 41:275-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Haas D, Haege G, Hoffmann GF, Burgard P. Prenatal presentation and diagnostic evaluation of suspected Smith-Lemli-Opitz (RSH) syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1008-11. [PMID: 23532938 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLOS), or RSH syndrome, is an autosomal recessive deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) resulting in an accumulation of 7- and 8-dehydrocholesterol (7- and 8-DHC) in tissues and body fluids. At birth patients have variable malformations of CNS, heart, kidney, genitalia, and limbs, which may be life-limiting. In later course, psychomotor and mental retardation and behavior abnormalities become evident. Prenatally SLOS can be suspected on the basis of malformations and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in prenatal ultrasonography and reduced maternal free estriol in serum. The diagnosis is confirmed by sterol analysis in a chorionic villus biopsy or amniotic fluid (AF). In this study, we evaluated the predictive value of the above mentioned criteria in combination with family history by quantification of sterols in AF in pregnancies with either a family history, ultrasonographical abnormalities typical for SLOS, or reduced maternal serum unconjugated estriol (MSuE3). The relative frequency of SLOS in fetuses with an affected sibling was 0.23, as to be expected for an autosomal recessive disease. The probability for SLOS was <0.6% when neither an affected sib nor more than one typical SLOS malformation was present. For safety reasons and for cost-effectiveness we recommend careful evaluation of history, MSuE3, and clinical presentation before determining sterols in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Haas
- Division of Inborn Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Andrade I, Santos L, Ramos F. Advances in analytical methods to study cholesterol metabolism: the determination of serum noncholesterol sterols. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:1234-42. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lèlita Santos
- Internal Medicine Department; Coimbra University Hospitals; Medicine Faculty; 3000-075; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - Fernando Ramos
- CEF-Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pharmacy Faculty; Coimbra University; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
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20
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Lee SR, Yun DC, Lee SH, Yang SY, Kim IS. Determination of phytosterols in <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. cultivars by liquid chromatography atmospheric chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LC-APCI-TOF-MS) coupled with a modified QuEChERS method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2012.11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Amaral C, Gallardo E, Rodrigues R, Pinto Leite R, Quelhas D, Tomaz C, Cardoso M. Quantitative analysis of five sterols in amniotic fluid by GC–MS: Application to the diagnosis of cholesterol biosynthesis defects. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:2130-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Staneva G, Chachaty C, Wolf C, Quinn PJ. Comparison of the liquid-ordered bilayer phases containing cholesterol or 7-dehydrocholesterol in modeling Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:1810-22. [PMID: 20147702 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m003467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase behavior of egg sphingomyelin (ESM) mixtures with cholesterol or 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) has been investigated by independent methods: fluorescence microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. In giant vesicles, cholesterol-enriched domains appeared as large and clearly delineated domains assigned to a liquid-ordered (Lo) phase. The domains containing 7-DHC were smaller and had more diffuse boundaries. Separation of a gel phase assigned by X-ray examination to pure sphingomyelin domains coexisting with sterol-enriched domains was observed at temperatures less than 38 degrees C in binary mixtures containing 10-mol% sterol. At higher sterol concentrations, the coexistence of liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases was evidenced in the temperature range 20 degrees -50 degrees C. Calculated electron density profiles indicated the location of 7-DHC was more loosely defined than cholesterol, which is localized precisely at a particular depth along the bilayer normal. ESR spectra of spin-labeled fatty acid partitioned in the liquid-ordered component showed a similar, high degree of order for both sterols in the center of the bilayer, but it was higher in the coexisting disordered phase for 7-DHC. The differences detected in the models of the lipid membrane matrix are said to initiate the deleterious consequences of the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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23
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Griffiths WJ, Wang Y, Karu K, Samuel E, McDonnell S, Hornshaw M, Shackleton C. Potential of sterol analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the prenatal diagnosis of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Clin Chem 2008; 54:1317-24. [PMID: 18556335 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2007.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), a severe disorder of cholesterol synthesis, is classically diagnosed prenatally by GC-MS analysis of sterols in amniotic fluid. Considering the current trend toward tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methodologies, we developed prototype LC-MS/MS methods for accurate diagnosis of the disorder. METHODS 3beta-Hydroxysterols in amniotic fluid are oxidized with cholesterol oxidase to their corresponding 3-ketones, which are then derivatized with Girard P (GP) hydrazine in a "one-pot" reaction. The resulting GP-hydrazones give an improved response in electrospray (ES)-MS/MS owing to the presence of a charged quaternary nitrogen and are analyzed by reversed-phase LC-ES-MS/MS. Both capillary and conventional LC-MS/MS formats are suitable, and the method is also applicable to paper-absorbed blood spots. RESULTS In a double-blind analysis of 18 amniotic fluid samples comprising 6 SLOS and 12 controls, the ratio of 7 + 8-dehydrocholesterol (7 + 8-DHC) to cholesterol was <0.02 [range 0.00-0.02, mean (SD) 0.01 (0.007)] in all control samples (intraassay variation 5.91%) and >0.20 [0.20-1.13, 0.79 (0.35)] in SLOS (intraassay variation 4.56%), corresponding to a difference in ratios between the 2 groups of at least a factor of 10. The limit of quantification was equivalent to that of 2 nL amniotic fluid injected on-column. CONCLUSIONS We describe a proof-of-concept for the prenatal diagnosis of SLOS. Further developments will be necessary to automate sample handling and reduce chromatographic time for the methodology to be used in pre- and postnatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Griffiths
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
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24
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Waye JS, Eng B, Nowaczyk MJM. Prenatal diagnosis of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) by DHCR7 mutation analysis. Prenat Diagn 2007; 27:638-40. [PMID: 17441222 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We review our experience using mutation analysis of the DHCR7 gene for prenatal diagnosis of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), an autosomal recessive disorder of endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis caused by deficiency of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7). METHODS AND RESULTS Prenatal diagnosis of SLOS was conducted for 21 pregnancies involving 15 families. DNA was isolated directly from amniotic fluid cells or chorionic villus samples (CVS), and the DHCR7 gene was screened for the parental mutations using PCR-ARMS and nucleotide sequencing. Sixteen of the pregnancies were unaffected and five were affected. There have been no incidences of misdiagnosed pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS DHCR7 mutation is a rapid and reliable method for prenatal diagnosis of SLOS, and provides an alternative to specialized biochemical tests for elevated 7DHC in amniotic fluid or CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Waye
- Hamilton Regional Laboratory Medicine Program, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton ON, Canada L8N 3Z5, Canada.
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