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Yalcintepe S, Karal Y, Demir S, Atli EI, Atli E, Eker D, Mail C, Zhuri D, Guler HS, Gurkan H. The Frequency of SMN1, SMN2 Copy Numbers in 246 Turkish Cases Analyzed with MLPA Method. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:117-122. [PMID: 37332684 PMCID: PMC10275673 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to define the copy numbers of SMN1 and SMN2 genes and the diagnosis rate and carrier frequency of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in the Thrace region of Turkey. In this study, the frequency of deletions in exons 7 and 8 in the SMN1 gene and SMN2 copy numbers were investigated. A total of 133 cases with the preliminary diagnosis of SMA and 113 cases with the suspicion of being an SMA carrier from independent families were analyzed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification method for SMN1 and SMN2 gene copy numbers. SMN1 homozygous deletions were detected in 34 patients (25.5%) of 133 cases with the suspicion of SMA. Cases diagnosed with SMA type I was 41.17% (14/34), 29.4% (10/34) with type II, 26.4% (9/34) with type III, and 2.94% (1/34) with type IV. The SMA carrier rate was 46.01% in 113 cases. In 34 SMA cases, SMN2 copy numbers were: two copies - 28 cases (82.3%), three copies - 6 cases (17.6%). SMN2 homozygous deletions were detected in 15% (17/113) of carrier analysis cases. The consanguinity rate of the parents was 23.5% in SMA diagnosed cases. In this study, we had a 25.5% of SMA diagnosis rate and 46% SMA carrier frequency. The current study also showed the relatively low consanguinity rate of the Thrace region, with 23.5% according to the east of Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Yalcintepe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Karal
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Selma Demir
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Emine Ikbal Atli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Engin Atli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Damla Eker
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Cisem Mail
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Drenushe Zhuri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hazal Sezginer Guler
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hakan Gurkan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Shawky RM, El-Sayed NS. Clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of spinal muscular atrophy among Egyptians. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Sasongko TH, Salmi AR, Zilfalil BA, Albar MA, Mohd Hussin ZA. Permissibility of prenatal diagnosis and abortion for fetuses with severe genetic disorder: type 1 spinal muscular atrophy. Ann Saudi Med 2010; 30:427-31. [PMID: 21060155 PMCID: PMC2994156 DOI: 10.4103/0256-4947.72259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Abortion has been largely avoided in Muslim communities. However, Islamic jurists have established rigorous parameters enabling abortion of fetuses with severe congenital abnormalities. This decision-making process has been hindered by an inability to predict the severity of such prenatally-diagnosed conditions, especially in genetic disorders with clinical heterogeneity, such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Heterogeneous phenotypes of SMA range from extremely severe type 1 to very mild type 4. Advances in molecular genetics have made it possible to perform prenatal diagnosis and to predict the types of SMA with its potential subsequent severity. Such techniques will make it possible for clinicians working in predominantly Muslim countries to counsel their patients accurately and in harmony with their religious beliefs. In this paper, we discuss and postulate that with our current knowledge of determining SMA types and severity with great accuracy, abortion is legally applicable for type 1 SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teguh H Sasongko
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Cogulu O, Durmaz B, Pehlivan S, Alpman A, Ozkinay F. Evaluation of the SMN and NAIP genes in a family: homozygous deletion of the SMN2 gene in the fetus and outcome of the pregnancy. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2009; 13:287-8. [PMID: 19397406 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2008.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Cogulu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Wang CC, Chang JG, Jong YJ, Wu SM. Universal multiplex PCR and CE for quantification ofSMN1/SMN2genes in spinal muscular atrophy. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1102-10. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zeng J, Lan F, Deng X, Ke L, Tu X, Huang L, Zheng D, Zhu Z. Evaluation of an in-house protocol for prenatal molecular diagnosis of SMA in Chinese. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 398:78-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 08/18/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang CC, Chang JG, Ferrance J, Chen HY, You CY, Chang YF, Jong YJ, Wu SM, Yeh CH. Quantification of SMN1 and SMN2 genes by capillary electrophoresis for diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2904-11. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Alias L, Barceló MJ, Gich I, Estapé M, Parra J, Amenedo M, Baiget M, Tizzano EF. Evidence of a segregation ratio distortion of SMN1 alleles in spinal muscular atrophy. Eur J Hum Genet 2007; 15:1090-3. [PMID: 17625510 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by degeneration and loss of the motor neurons of the anterior horn of the spinal cord. The absence of SMN1 is determinant to have SMA and parents of SMA patients are regarded as carriers of the disease. We compared the segregation ratio of the mutated allele and the wild-type allele of all the confirmed carrier parents assuming Mendelian proportions. Results of transmissions in 235 prenatal tests and in 128 unaffected siblings showed a statistically significant deviation in favour of the wild-type SMN1 allele. The number of affected foetuses and carriers were lower than that expected. No significant differences in the sex ratio or in the progenitor origin of the transmitted allele to the carriers were found. One hypothesis that has been advanced to account for the distortion observed in affected foetuses is the negative postzygote selection due to early miscarriage. However, given that the number of carriers in our series was lower than expected, prezygote events such as meiotic drive, survival of gametes or preferential fertilisation should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alias
- Department of Genetics, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Current awareness in prenatal diagnosis. Prenat Diagn 2002; 22:949-55. [PMID: 12398087 DOI: 10.1002/pd.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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