1
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Burgos CM, Gupta VS, Conner P, Frenckner B, Lally KP, Ebanks AH, Harting MT. Syndromic congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Current incidence and outcome. Analysis from the congenital diaphragmatic hernia study group registry. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:1265-1273. [PMID: 37418285 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, CDH, associated with known or clinically suspected syndromes, and the postnatal outcomes from a large database for CDH. METHODS Data from the multicenter, multinational database on infants with CDH (Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group Registry) born from 1996 to 2020 were analyzed. Patients with known or suspected syndromes were grouped and outcome data were analyzed and compared to those without syndromic features. RESULTS A total of 12,553 patients were entered in the registry during the study period, and 421 had reported known syndromes, representing 3.4% of all CDH cases in the registry. A total of 50 different associated syndromes were reported. In addition to those with clinically suspected genetic conditions, a total rate of genetic syndromes with CDH was 8.2%. The overall survival to discharge for syndromic CDH was 34% and for non-syndromic CDH was 76.7%. The most common were syndromes Fryns syndrome (19.7% of all syndromes, 17% survival), trisomy 18 or Edward syndrome (17.5%, 9% survival), trisomy 21 or Down syndrome (9%, 47% survival), trisomy 13 or Patau syndrome (6.7%, 14% survival), Cornelia de Lange syndrome (6.4% of all syndromes, 22% survival) and Pallister-Killian syndrome (5.5% of all syndromes, 39.1% survival). In addition, 379 cases had reported chromosomal anomalies and 233 cases had clinically suspected syndromes, based on two more dysmorphic features or malformations in addition to CDH, but without molecular diagnosis. The syndromic CDH group had lower birth weight and gestational age at birth and increased incidence of bilateral CDH (2.9%) and rates of non-repair (53%). The length of hospital stay was longer, and larger number of patients needed O2 at 30 days. Extracorporeal life support was used only in 15% of the cases. Those who underwent surgical repair had survival to discharge rates of 73%. CONCLUSION Syndromic CDH is rare and only 3.4% of the reported cases of CDH have a known syndrome or association, but, if including patients with two dysmorphic features malformations, in addition to CDH, altogether as many as 8.2% have a diagnosed or suspected genetic condition. These children have with lower survival rates. Given higher rates of non-repair and decreased extracorporeal life support use, along with a high early mortality, decision-making regarding goals of care clearly influences outcomes. Survival varies depending on the genetic cause. Early genetic diagnosis is important and may influence the decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mesas Burgos
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vikas S Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Conner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Frenckner
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin P Lally
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ashley H Ebanks
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew T Harting
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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Peng HH, Yu CJ, Chen YC, Hsu CC, Chang SD, Chueh HY, Chang YL, Cheng PJ, Lee YC. Prenatal diagnosis of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 1 with an 814 kb Xq26.2 deletion with the initial presentation of a thick nuchal fold. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:163-166. [PMID: 36720533 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 1 (SGBS1) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder characterized by overgrowth and multiple anomalies. Most clinical diagnoses of SGBS1 are made postnatally. We present the case of a pregnant woman in whom the fetus presented with a thick nuchal fold 5.6 mm at 15 weeks of gestation, leading to the prenatal diagnosis of SGBS1 with Xq26.2 (133408101-134221889) deletion. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 34-year-old pregnant woman with the initial presentation of fetal thick nuchal fold 5.6 mm at 15 weeks of gestation. Amniocentesis of the fetal karyotype revealed a normal 46, XY, and single nucleotide polymorphism array showed Xq26.2 (133408101-134221889) deletion. Prenatal ultrasound at 21 weeks of gestation revealed a thick nuchal fold, hepatomegaly, nephromegaly, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, hypospadias, and polyhydramnios. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging revealed hepatomegaly, nephromegaly, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and right lung hypoplasia. The woman had her pregnancy terminated at 24 weeks of gestation. The proband had a general appearance of low-set ears, hypertelorism, a large tongue, and hypospadias and some unique findings on autopsy, including hepatomegaly, right hiatal hernia, liver extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis, kidney marked congestion, and focal hemorrhage. DISCUSSION The main prenatal ultrasound findings that alert clinical doctors about the possible diagnosis of SGBS1 included macrosomia, polyhydramnios, organomegaly, renal malformations, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and cardiac anomalies. Our case underscores the importance of fetal karyotyping combined with single nucleotide polymorphism array when a thick nuchal fold is found. Genetic counseling is essential in SGBS1, and prenatal testing or preimplantation testing for subsequent pregnancies is necessary to identify possible pathogenic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Huei Peng
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung Jen Yu
- Hungchi Women and Children's Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi Chi Chen
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chieh Hsu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Dyh Chang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Yen Chueh
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Lung Chang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Cheng
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Lee
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-ko Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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3
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Pezzella N, Bove G, Tammaro R, Franco B. OFD1: One gene, several disorders. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS. PART C, SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2022; 190:57-71. [PMID: 35112477 PMCID: PMC9303915 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The OFD1 protein is necessary for the formation of primary cilia and left–right asymmetry establishment but additional functions have also been ascribed to this multitask protein. When mutated, this protein results in a variety of phenotypes ranging from multiorgan involvement, such as OFD type I (OFDI) and Joubert syndromes (JBS10), and Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), to the engagement of single tissues such as in the case of retinitis pigmentosa (RP23). The inheritance pattern of these condition differs from X‐linked dominant male‐lethal (OFDI) to X‐linked recessive (JBS10, PCD, and RP23). Distinctive biological peculiarities of the protein, which can contribute to explain the extreme clinical variability and the genetic mechanisms underlying the different disorders are discussed. The extensive spectrum of clinical manifestations observed in OFD1‐mutated patients represents a paradigmatic example of the complexity of genetic diseases. The elucidation of the mechanisms underlying this complexity will expand our comprehension of inherited disorders and will improve the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunziana Pezzella
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Bove
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Tammaro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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4
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Liu J, Liu Q, Yang S, Ma N, Pang J, Peng Y, Xi H, Jia Z, Luo Y, Jiang M, Teng Y, Yu W, Li Z, Wang H. Prenatal case of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome with a de novo 370Kb-sized microdeletion of Xq26.2 compassing partial GPC3 gene and review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1750. [PMID: 34293831 PMCID: PMC8404223 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 1 (SGBS1) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder characterized by pre- and postnatal overgrowth and a broad spectrum of anomalies including craniofacial dysmorphism, heart defects, renal, and genital anomalies. Due to the ultrasound findings are not pathognomonic for this syndrome, most clinical diagnosis of SGBS1 are made postnatally. METHODS A pregnant woman with abnormal prenatal sonographic findings was advised to perform molecular diagnosis. Single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) was performed in the fetus, and the result was validated with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS The prenatal sonographic presented with increased nuchal translucency at 13 gestational weeks, and later at 21 weeks with cleft lip and palate, heart defect, increased amniotic fluid index and over growth. A de novo 370Kb-deletion covering the 5'-UTR and exon 1 of GPC3 gene was detected in the fetus by SNP array, which was subsequently confirmed by MLPA and qPCR. CONCLUSION The de novo 370Kb hemizygous deletion of 5'-UTR and exon 1 of GPC3 results in the SGBS1 of this Chinese family. Combination of ultrasound and genetics tests helped us effectively to diagnose the prenatal cases of SGBS1. Our findings also enlarge the spectrum of mutations in GPC3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Ma
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jialun Pang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengjun Jia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yingchun Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meiping Jiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanling Teng
- Hunan Jiahui Genetics Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenxian Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Kässner F, Kirstein A, Händel N, Schmid GL, Landgraf K, Berthold A, Tannert A, Schaefer M, Wabitsch M, Kiess W, Körner A, Garten A. A new human adipocyte model with PTEN haploinsufficiency. Adipocyte 2020; 9:290-301. [PMID: 32579864 PMCID: PMC7469440 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2020.1785083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Few human cell strains are suitable and readily available as in vitro adipocyte models. We used resected lipoma tissue from a patient with germline phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) haploinsufficiency to establish a preadipocyte cell strain termed LipPD1 and aimed to characterize cellular functions and signalling pathway alterations in comparison to the established adipocyte model Simpson-Golabi-Behmel-Syndrome (SGBS) and to primary stromal-vascular fraction cells. We found that both cellular life span and the capacity for adipocyte differentiation as well as adipocyte-specific functions were preserved in LipPD1 and comparable to SGBS adipocytes. Basal and growth factor-stimulated activation of the PI3 K/AKT signalling pathway was increased in LipPD1 preadipocytes, corresponding to reduced PTEN levels in comparison to SGBS cells. Altogether, LipPD1 cells are a novel primary cell model with a defined genetic lesion suitable for the study of adipocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kässner
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Kirstein
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Gordian L. Schmid
- Department for General Practise, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Berthold
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, College for Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Xiang J, Zhang Q, Song X, Liu Y, Li H, Li H, Wang T. Whole exome sequencing aids the diagnosis of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome in two male fetuses. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519859752. [PMID: 31304847 PMCID: PMC7140209 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519859752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To diagnose and explore the genetic aetiology of Simpson–Golabi–Behmel
syndrome type 1 (SGBS1) in two male fetuses. Methods Prenatal ultrasound scans and further genetic analysis using karyotype
analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis, whole exome sequencing (WES) and
Sanger sequencing were conducted. Results Prenatal ultrasound scans of two fetuses showed multiple congenital anomalies
and hydramnios. Subsequent to termination of the pregnancies, a novel
nonsense variant (c.892G>T, p.E298*) in the glypican 3
(GPC3) gene of the two fetuses was identified by WES
and further confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The two fetuses were diagnosed
with SGBS1. The mother was heterozygous for the c.892G>T variant. Conclusion This study describes the prenatal sonographic features of SGBS1, emphasizes
the role of WES in the diagnosis of SGBS1 and expands the known mutation
spectrum of the GPC3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xiang
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Centre for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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7
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Reches A, Hiersch L, Simchoni S, Barel D, Greenberg R, Ben Sira L, Malinger G, Yaron Y. Whole-exome sequencing in fetuses with central nervous system abnormalities. J Perinatol 2018; 38:1301-1308. [PMID: 30108342 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-018-0199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We describe our experience with whole-exome sequencing (WES) in fetuses with central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities following a normal chromosomal microarray result. METHODS During the study period (2014-2017) 7 cases (9 fetuses) with prenatally diagnosed CNS abnormality, whose chromosomal microarray analysis was negative, were offered whole-exome sequencing analysis. RESULTS A pathogenic or a likely pathogenic variant was found in 5 cases including a previously described, likely pathogenic de novo TUBA1A variant (Case #1); a previously described homozygous VRK1 variant (Case #2); an X-linked ARX variant (Case #3); a likely pathogenic heterozygous variant in the TUBB3 gene (Case #5). Finally, in two fetuses of the same couple (Case #6), a compound heterozygous state was detected, consisting of the NPHP1 gene deletion and a sequence variant of uncertain significance. Two additional cases had normal WES results. CONCLUSION Whole-exome sequencing may improve prenatal diagnosis in fetuses with CNS abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Reches
- Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Liran Hiersch
- Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.
| | - Sharon Simchoni
- Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Dalit Barel
- Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Rotem Greenberg
- Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Liat Ben Sira
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.,Radiology Department, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Gustavo Malinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Yuval Yaron
- Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
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8
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Duplications of GPC3 and GPC4 genes in symptomatic female carriers of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 1. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 62:243-247. [PMID: 30048822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
GPC3 and GPC4 are the only two genes in which mutations are known to cause Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome type 1 (SGBS1). The majority of SGBS1 patients have point mutations or deletions in GPC3. Only one SGBS1 family has been reported with duplication of both GPC3 and GPC4. Although clinical presentation of SGBS1 in affected males is well defined, the phenotype in female carriers is less clear. In total, six female carriers with clinical expression of SGBS1 have been reported to date. In this study, we provide description of two families with rare duplications in both GPC3 and GPC4. These imbalances resulted in SGBS1 in males, while female carriers with skewed X-inactivation exhibited significant features of SGBS1 including congenital heart defect, hernias, intellectual disability and coarse facial features. In family 2, a SGBS diagnosis was not considered in the father until after the diagnosis had been first considered and made in the affected daughter. We emphasize on the importance of testing at risk females and careful examination of those who are found to be carriers of SGBS1. We also discuss and provide supportive evidence for the role of skewed X-inactivation in clinical expression of SGBS1 in female carriers.
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9
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Ridnõi K, Kurvinen E, Pajusalu S, Reimand T, Õunap K. Two Consecutive Pregnancies with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome Type 1: Case Report and Review of Published Prenatal Cases. Mol Syndromol 2018; 9:205-213. [PMID: 30158844 DOI: 10.1159/000490083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal overgrowth and numerous congenital malformations can be detected in every trimester of pregnancy. New technologies in molecular testing, such as chromosomal microarray analysis and next-generation sequencing, continually demonstrate advantages for definitive diagnosis in fetal life. Simpson-Golabi-Behmel (SGB) syndrome is a rare but well-known overgrowth condition that is rarely diagnosed in the prenatal setting. We report 3 cases of SGB syndrome in 2 consecutive pregnancies. In our series, distinctive prenatal sonographic findings led to molecular diagnosis. Exome sequencing from fetal DNA revealed a hemizygous splice site variant in the GPC3 gene: NM_004484.3:c.1166+ 1G>T. The mother is a heterozygous carrier. We also provide an overview of the previously published 57 prenatal cases of SGB syndrome with prevalence estimation of the symptoms to aid prenatal differential diagnosis of fetal overgrowth syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Ridnõi
- Center for Perinatal Care, Women's Clinic, East-Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine
| | - Elvira Kurvinen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiia Reimand
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine.,Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
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10
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Vuillaume ML, Moizard MP, Rossignol S, Cottereau E, Vonwill S, Alessandri JL, Busa T, Colin E, Gérard M, Giuliano F, Lambert L, Lefevre M, Kotecha U, Nampoothiri S, Netchine I, Raynaud M, Brioude F, Toutain A. Mutation update for the GPC3 gene involved in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome and review of the literature. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:790-805. [PMID: 29637653 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) is an X-linked multiple congenital anomalies and overgrowth syndrome caused by a defect in the glypican-3 gene (GPC3). Until now, GPC3 mutations have been reported in isolated cases or small series and the global genotypic spectrum of these mutations has never been delineated. In this study, we review the 57 previously described GPC3 mutations and significantly expand this mutational spectrum with the description of 29 novel mutations. Compiling our data and those of the literature, we provide an overview of 86 distinct GPC3 mutations identified in 120 unrelated families, ranging from single nucleotide variations to complex genomic rearrangements and dispersed throughout the entire coding region of GPC3. The vast majority of them are deletions or truncating mutations (frameshift, nonsense mutations) predicted to result in a loss-of-function. Missense mutations are rare and the two which were functionally characterized, impaired GPC3 function by preventing GPC3 cleavage and cell surface addressing respectively. This report by describing for the first time the wide mutational spectrum of GPC3 could help clinicians and geneticists in interpreting GPC3 variants identified incidentally by high-throughput sequencing technologies and also reinforces the need for functional validation of non-truncating mutations (missense, in frame mutations, duplications).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Vuillaume
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France.,INSERM UMR_U930, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Moizard
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France.,INSERM UMR_U930, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sylvie Rossignol
- Unité d'explorations fonctionnelles endocriniennes, CHU Paris Est, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France.,Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edouard Cottereau
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Sandrine Vonwill
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France.,INSERM UMR_U930, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Tiffany Busa
- Unité de Génétique Clinique, Département de génétique médicale, Hôpital de la Timone, CHU de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Estelle Colin
- Département de biochimie et génétique, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Marion Gérard
- Service de génétique, CHU de Caen, Hôpital Clémenceau, Avenue Georges Clémenceau, Caen, France
| | - Fabienne Giuliano
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nice, Hôpital l'Archet 2, Nice, France
| | - Laetitia Lambert
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Nancy, Rue du Morvan, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mathilde Lefevre
- Centre de génétique, Hôpital d'enfants, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Udhaya Kotecha
- Center of Medical Genetics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, AIMS Poneakara P O, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Irène Netchine
- Unité d'explorations fonctionnelles endocriniennes, CHU Paris Est, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Martine Raynaud
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France.,INSERM UMR_U930, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Brioude
- Unité d'explorations fonctionnelles endocriniennes, CHU Paris Est, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Annick Toutain
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, France.,INSERM UMR_U930, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
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11
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Chong K, Saleh M, Injeyan M, Miron I, Fong K, Shannon P. Nonisolated diaphragmatic hernia in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome. Prenat Diagn 2018; 38:117-122. [PMID: 29240237 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS), but few cases diagnosed prenatally have been reported. The aim of this series is to highlight the association of nonisolated CDH with SGBS type I on prenatal ultrasound and emphasize the importance of genetic testing, fetal autopsy, and family history in confirming this diagnosis. METHOD Retrospective review of 3 cases of SGBS type I in a single tertiary care centre. Family history, fetal ultrasound, autopsy findings, and genetic testing for GPC3 was performed for each case. RESULTS Fetal ultrasound findings in the second trimester were CDH, omphalocele, increased nuchal fold, renal anomaly, and cleft lip and palate. Fetal autopsy confirmed the prenatal ultrasound findings and also showed dysmorphic facial features and premalignant lesions on renal and gonadal histology. Microarray and DNA analysis of the GPC3 gene confirmed the diagnosis of SGBS type I in each case. CONCLUSION Nonisolated CDH in a male fetus suggests a diagnosis of SGBS type I. Fetal autopsy, pedigree analysis, and genetic testing for GPC3 are all essential to confirming the diagnosis. The histological findings of ovotestes and nephroblastomatosis indicate that cancer predisposition is established early in fetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chong
- Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maha Saleh
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Injeyan
- Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ioana Miron
- Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine Fong
- Department of Medical Imaging, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Shannon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Fauth C, Toutain A. Comment on "Whole exome sequencing and array-based molecular karyotyping as aids to prenatal diagnosis in fetuses with suspected Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome". Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:1055-1056. [PMID: 29057530 DOI: 10.1002/pd.5137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Fauth
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annick Toutain
- Department of Genetics, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
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13
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Zimmermann N, Stanek J. Perinatal Case of Fatal Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome with Hyperplasia of Seminiferous Tubules. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2017; 18:649-655. [PMID: 28600484 PMCID: PMC5478221 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.903964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, newborn Final Diagnosis: Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome Symptoms: Dyspnea Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Pediatrics and Neonatology
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Affiliation(s)
- Nives Zimmermann
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jerzy Stanek
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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14
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Westerfield LE, Braxton AA, Walkiewicz M. Prenatal Diagnostic Exome Sequencing: a Review. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-017-0120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Støve HK, Becher N, Gjørup V, Ramsing M, Vogel I, Vestergaard EM. First reported case of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome in a female fetus diagnosed prenatally with chromosomal microarray. Clin Case Rep 2017; 5:608-612. [PMID: 28469860 PMCID: PMC5412752 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome (SGBS) is a rare X‐linked syndrome. Female carriers may have mild manifestations. Macrosomia, polyhydramnios, and kidney and urinary tract anomalies are common findings in male fetuses. We present the first case of a severely affected female fetus with stigmata of SGBS and a deletion involving the GPC3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naja Becher
- Department of Clinical Genetics Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - Vibike Gjørup
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - Mette Ramsing
- Department of Clinical Genetics Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark.,Department of Pathology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - Ida Vogel
- Department of Clinical Genetics Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
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