The effect of selected patient's characteristics on the choice of antihypertensive medication in the elderly in Slovakia

Treatment of hypertension in the elderly: data from an international cohort of hypertensives treated by cardiologists

Hypertension in the elderly is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to analyze determinants of blood pressure (BP) control across different age groups. Population of a large global survey on hypertension treatment and control including 18927 patients was analyzed. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate BP control rates and the prevalence of antihypertensive drug usage according to age. Systolic BP control decreased from 29.6% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 26.0;33.5) at 18-40 years to 22.4% (20.8;24.2) at >75 years (P<0.0001), and diastolic BP control increased from 31.6% (27.9;35.6) to 57.3% (55.2;59.3), respectively (P<0.0001). BP control was worse in diabetic patients, but did not differ substantially with co-morbid conditions, except for a better control in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) (P<0.05). The use of ≥ 3 antihypertensive drugs increased with age from 16.1 to 37.8% (P<0.0001) due to a more frequent use of loop diuretics (P<0.0001), thiazides (P<0.0001), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (P<0.0001) and calcium channel blockers (P<0.0001). About one third of patients received non-guideline-recommended drug-drug combinations. BP control is largely unsuccessful with increasing age. Owing to frequent inadequacies in the combination of antihypertensive drugs, future guidelines and educational programs should devote increased attention to the choice of optimal drug-drug combinations in the elderly.