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Abstract
Abstract
Development of alternative energy sources is one of the main trends of modern energy technology. Lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells are the most important among them. The increase in the energy and power density is the essential aspect which determined their future development. We provide a brief review of the state of developments in the field of nanosize electrode materials and electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen energy. The presence of relatively inexpensive and abundant elements, safety and low volume change during the lithium intercalation/deintercalation processes enables the application of lithium iron phosphate and lithium titanate as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, they exhibit low ionic and electronic conductivity. To overcome this problem the following main approaches have been applied: use of nanosize materials, including nanocomposites, and heterovalent doping. Their impact in the property change is analyzed and discussed. Hybrid membranes containing inorganic nanoparticles enable a significant progress in the fuel cell development. Different approaches to their preparation, the reasons for ion conductivity and selectivity change, as well as the prospects for their application in low-temperature fuel cells are discussed. This review may provide some useful guidelines for development of advanced materials for lithium ion batteries and fuel cells.
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Ghassemzadeh L, Pace G, Di Noto V, Müller K. Effect of SiO2 on the dynamics of proton conducting [Nafion/(SiO2)X] composite membranes: a solid-state 19F NMR study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:9327-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02316g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sahu A, Bhat S, Pitchumani S, Sridhar P, Vimalan V, George C, Chandrakumar N, Shukla A. Novel organic–inorganic composite polymer-electrolyte membranes for DMFCs. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Modification of biodegradable polylactide by silica and wood flour through a sol–gel process. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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