1
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zeng R. Photoinduced iron-catalyzed C-H alkylation of polyolefins. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9374-9379. [PMID: 37712034 PMCID: PMC10498505 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03252c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemically introducing diverse polar groups into polyolefins via carbon-hydrogen bond alkylation with polar olefins is of substantial value in the synthesis of next-generation lightweight thermoplastics, which is still underdeveloped. In this work, we report a new approach for efficient carbon-hydrogen bond alkylation in commodity polyolefins using photoinduced iron catalysis. Various polyolefins could be functionalized with broad scope. Polar groups could be incorporated in a single step. The controllable synthesis of multi-polar functional polyolefins could be achieved by a designed module-assembled process. Remarkably, even low levels of functionalization could upcycle the polyolefin materials to exhibit unusual physical properties, such as enhancement of the transparencies, strains, stresses at break of the materials, and hydrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongnan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Rong Zeng
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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2
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Karatrantos AV, Khantaveramongkol J, Kröger M. Structure and Diffusion of Ionic PDMS Melts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3070. [PMID: 35956584 PMCID: PMC9370667 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic polymers exhibit mechanical properties that can be widely tuned upon selectively charging them. However, the correlated structural and dynamical properties underlying the microscopic mechanism remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigate, for the first time, the structure and diffusion of randomly and end-functionalized ionic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) melts with negatively charged bromide counterions, by means of atomistic molecular dynamics using a united atom model. In particular, we find that the density of the ionic PDMS melts exceeds the one of their neutral counterpart and increases as the charge density increases. The counterions are condensed to the cationic part of end-functionalized cationic PDMS chains, especially for the higher molecular weights, leading to a slow diffusion inside the melt; the counterions are also correlated more strongly to each other for the end-functionalized PDMS. Temperature has a weak effect on the counterion structure and leads to an Arrhenius type of behavior for the counterion diffusion coefficient. In addition, the charge density of PDMS chains enhances the diffusion of counterions especially at higher temperatures, but hinders PDMS chain dynamics. Neutral PDMS chains are shown to exhibit faster dynamics (diffusion) than ionic PDMS chains. These findings contribute to the theoretical description of the correlations between structure and dynamical properties of ion-containing polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios V. Karatrantos
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Jettawat Khantaveramongkol
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Vislavath P, Billa S, S P, Bahadur J, Sudarshan K, Patro TU, Rath SK, Ratna D. Heterogeneous Coordination Environment and Unusual Self-Assembly of Ionic Aggregates in a Model Ionomeric Elastomer: Effect of Curative Systems. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Vislavath
- Polymer Division, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ambernath, Maharashtra 421506, India
| | - Srikanth Billa
- Polymer Division, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ambernath, Maharashtra 421506, India
| | - Praveen S
- Polymer Division, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ambernath, Maharashtra 421506, India
| | - Jitendra Bahadur
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Kathi Sudarshan
- Radio Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - T. Umasankar Patro
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune, Maharashtra 411025, India
| | - Sangram K. Rath
- Polymer Division, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ambernath, Maharashtra 421506, India
| | - Debdatta Ratna
- Polymer Division, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ambernath, Maharashtra 421506, India
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4
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Chen M, Jiang B, Wang J, Yang Y, Ye Z. Effects of Counter Anion Type on Melt Rheological Properties of Hyperbranched Polyethylene Ionomers Containing Covalently Bound Quaternary Ammonium Cations. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- Bharti School of Engineering Laurentian University Sudbury Ontario P3E 2C6 Canada
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Binbo Jiang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Jingdai Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yongrong Yang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Bharti School of Engineering Laurentian University Sudbury Ontario P3E 2C6 Canada
- Current affiliation: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Concordia University Montreal Quebec H3G 1M8 Canada
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5
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Fazekas TJ, Alty JW, Neidhart EK, Miller AS, Leibfarth FA, Alexanian EJ. Diversification of aliphatic C-H bonds in small molecules and polyolefins through radical chain transfer. Science 2022; 375:545-550. [PMID: 35113718 PMCID: PMC8889563 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to selectively introduce diverse functionality onto hydrocarbons is of substantial value in the synthesis of both small molecules and polymers. Herein, we report an approach to aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond diversification using radical chain transfer featuring an easily prepared O-alkenylhydroxamate reagent, which upon mild heating facilitates a range of challenging or previously undeveloped aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond functionalizations of small molecules and polyolefins. This broad reaction platform enabled the functionalization of postconsumer polyolefins in infrastructure used to process plastic waste. Furthermore, the chemoselective placement of ionic functionality onto a branched polyolefin using carbon-hydrogen bond functionalization upcycled the material from a thermoplastic into a tough elastomer with the tensile properties of high-value polyolefin ionomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Fazekas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jill W Alty
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eliza K Neidhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Austin S Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Frank A Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Erik J Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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6
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López-Barrón CR, Lambic NS, Throckmorton JA, Schaefer JJ, Smith A, Raushel FN, Lin TP. One-Pot Synthesis of High-Melt-Strength Isotactic Polypropylene Ionomers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikola S. Lambic
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | | | | | - Avery Smith
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Frank N. Raushel
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Tzu-Pin Lin
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
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7
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Li W, Olvera de la Cruz M. Glass transition of ion-containing polymer melts in bulk and thin films. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:8420-8433. [PMID: 34542131 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01098k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion-containing polymers often are good glass formers, and the glass transition temperature is an important parameter to consider for practical applications, which prescribes the working temperature range for different mechanical and dynamic properties. In this work, we present a systematic molecular dynamics simulation study on the coupling of ionic correlations with the glass transition, based on a generic coarse-grained model of ionic polymers. The variation of the glass transition temperature is examined concerning the influence of the electrostatic interaction strength, charge fraction, and charge sequence. The interplay with the film thickness effect is also discussed. Our results reveal a few typical features about the glass transition process that are in qualitative agreement with previous studies, further highlighting the effects of counterion entropy at weak ionic correlations and physical crosslinking of ionic aggregates at strong ionic correlations. Detailed parametric dependencies are displayed, which demonstrate that introducing strong ionic correlations promotes vitrification while adopting a precise charge sequence and applying strong confinement with weak surface affinity reduce the glass transition temperature. Overall, our investigation provides an improved picture towards a comprehensive understanding of the glass transition in ion-containing polymeric systems from a molecular simulation perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Monica Olvera de la Cruz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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8
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Jiang X, Sun J, Zuckermann RN, Balsara NP. Effect of hydration on morphology of thin phosphonate block copolymer electrolyte membranes studied by electron tomography. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
- Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Nitash P. Balsara
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley California USA
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9
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Grzetic DJ, Delaney KT, Fredrickson GH. Electrostatic Manipulation of Phase Behavior in Immiscible Charged Polymer Blends. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J. Grzetic
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kris T. Delaney
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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10
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Shen KH, Fan M, Hall LM. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion-Containing Polymers Using Generic Coarse-Grained Models. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hsuan Shen
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mengdi Fan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lisa M. Hall
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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11
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Cristiani TR, Filippidi E, Behrens RL, Valentine MT, Eisenbach CD. Tailoring the Toughness of Elastomers by Incorporating Ionic Cross-Linking. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Cristiani
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Emmanouela Filippidi
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Rachel L. Behrens
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Megan T. Valentine
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Claus D. Eisenbach
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Institut für Polymerchemie, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
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12
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Enokida JS, Hu W, Fang H, Morgan BF, Beyer FL, Winter HH, Coughlin EB. Modifying the Structure and Dynamics of Ionomers through Counterion Sterics. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Enokida
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Huagao Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Brian F. Morgan
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Harford, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Frederick L. Beyer
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Harford, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - H. Henning Winter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, Massachusetts, United States
| | - E. Bryan Coughlin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst 01003, Massachusetts, United States
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13
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Potaufeux JE, Odent J, Notta-Cuvier D, Lauro F, Raquez JM. A comprehensive review of the structures and properties of ionic polymeric materials. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00770f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the mechanistic approach, the structure–property relationship and applications of ionic polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Emile Potaufeux
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM)
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP)
- University of Mons (UMONS)
- Mons
- Belgium
| | - Jérémy Odent
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM)
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP)
- University of Mons (UMONS)
- Mons
- Belgium
| | - Delphine Notta-Cuvier
- Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automatic Control and Mechanical Engineering (LAMIH)
- UMR CNRS 8201
- University Polytechnique Hauts-De-France (UPHF)
- Le Mont Houy
- France
| | - Franck Lauro
- Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automatic Control and Mechanical Engineering (LAMIH)
- UMR CNRS 8201
- University Polytechnique Hauts-De-France (UPHF)
- Le Mont Houy
- France
| | - Jean-Marie Raquez
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM)
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP)
- University of Mons (UMONS)
- Mons
- Belgium
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14
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Chen X, Talley SJ, Haag JV, Spiering GA, Liu B, Drummey KJ, Murayama M, Moore RB, Long TE. Doubly Charged ABA Triblock Copolymers: Thermomechanically Robust Physical Network and Hierarchical Microstructures. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Frischknecht AL, Paren BA, Middleton LR, Koski JP, Tarver JD, Tyagi M, Soles CL, Winey KI. Chain and Ion Dynamics in Precise Polyethylene Ionomers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amalie L. Frischknecht
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Paren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - L. Robert Middleton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason P. Koski
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Jacob D. Tarver
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, United States
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Christopher L. Soles
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, United States
| | - Karen I. Winey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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16
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Khan WR, Herrera A, Wang D, Motealleh B, Cornelius CJ. Multi-block versus random quaternary ammonium Poly(arylene ether sulfone) membrane dependent water and alcohol mass uptake, directionally-dependent swelling and ion conductivity, and alcohol transport. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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An C, Lou Y, Li Y, Wang B, Pan L, Ma Z, Li Y. Unusual II–I Phase Transition Behavior of Polybutene-1 Ionomers in the Presence of Long-Chain Branch and Ionic Functional Groups. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Lou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yulian Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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18
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Ko KH, Kim JS. Mechanical Properties of Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) Ionomers Acting as a Filled System. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-019-7092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Frischknecht AL, Winey KI. The evolution of acidic and ionic aggregates in ionomers during microsecond simulations. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:064901. [PMID: 30769997 DOI: 10.1063/1.5085069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed microsecond-long, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on a series of precise poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) ionomers neutralized with lithium, with three different spacer lengths between acid groups on the ionomers and at two temperatures. Ionic aggregates form in these systems with a variety of shapes ranging from isolated aggregates to percolated aggregates. At the lower temperature of 423 K, the ionic aggregate morphologies do not reach a steady-state distribution over the course of the simulations. At the higher temperature of 600 K, the aggregates are sufficiently mobile that they rearrange and reach steady state after hundreds of nanoseconds. For systems that are 100% neutralized with lithium, the ions form percolated aggregates that span the simulation box in three directions, for all three spacer lengths (9, 15, and 21). In the partially neutralized systems, the morphology includes lithium ion aggregates that may also include some unneutralized acid groups, along with a coexisting population of acid group aggregates that form through hydrogen bonding. In the lithium ion aggregates, unneutralized acid groups tend to be found on the ends or sides of the aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie L Frischknecht
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Karen I Winey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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20
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Enokida JS, Tanna VA, Winter HH, Coughlin EB. Progression of the Morphology in Random Ionomers Containing Bulky Ammonium Counterions. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Kwasny MT, Watkins CM, Posey ND, Matta ME, Tew GN. Functional Polyethylenes with Precisely Placed Thioethers and Sulfoniums through Thiol–Ene Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Kwasny
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Carolyn M. Watkins
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Posey
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Megan E. Matta
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Gregory N. Tew
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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22
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Grzetic DJ, Delaney KT, Fredrickson GH. The effective χ parameter in polarizable polymeric systems: One-loop perturbation theory and field-theoretic simulations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:204903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5025720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J. Grzetic
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Kris T. Delaney
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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23
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Weyman A, Bier M, Holm C, Smiatek J. Microphase separation and the formation of ion conductivity channels in poly(ionic liquid)s: A coarse-grained molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:193824. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5016814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Weyman
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- ETH Zürich, Department of Materials, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Bier
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics IV, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Holm
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Muenster (HIMS-IEK 12), Forschungszentrum Juelich, Corrensstrasse 46, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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24
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Filippidi E, Cristiani TR, Eisenbach CD, Waite JH, Israelachvili JN, Ahn BK, Valentine MT. Toughening elastomers using mussel-inspired iron-catechol complexes. Science 2018; 358:502-505. [PMID: 29074770 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Materials often exhibit a trade-off between stiffness and extensibility; for example, strengthening elastomers by increasing their cross-link density leads to embrittlement and decreased toughness. Inspired by cuticles of marine mussel byssi, we circumvent this inherent trade-off by incorporating sacrificial, reversible iron-catechol cross-links into a dry, loosely cross-linked epoxy network. The iron-containing network exhibits two to three orders of magnitude increases in stiffness, tensile strength, and tensile toughness compared to its iron-free precursor while gaining recoverable hysteretic energy dissipation and maintaining its original extensibility. Compared to previous realizations of this chemistry in hydrogels, the dry nature of the network enables larger property enhancement owing to the cooperative effects of both the increased cross-link density given by the reversible iron-catecholate complexes and the chain-restricting ionomeric nanodomains that they form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela Filippidi
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Thomas R Cristiani
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Claus D Eisenbach
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Institut für Polymerchemie, University of Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Herbert Waite
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Jacob N Israelachvili
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - B Kollbe Ahn
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Megan T Valentine
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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25
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26
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27
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Abstract
In this review we summarize recent efforts in understanding nano-aggregation in acid- and ion-containing polymer systems. The acid and ionic groups have specific interactions that drive aggregation and alter polymer behavior at the nano-, micro-, and bulk length scales. Advancements in synthetic methods, characterization techniques, and computer simulations have enabled researchers to better understand the morphologies and dynamics, particularly at the nanoscale. This overview of recent advancements in nano-aggregated polymer systems highlights the current understanding of the field and presents promising directions for future investigations and new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Robert Middleton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272
| | - Karen I. Winey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272
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28
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Lu K, Maranas JK, Milner ST. Depletion attraction of sheet-like ion aggregates in low-dielectric ionomer melts. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:064901. [PMID: 28201882 DOI: 10.1063/1.4973931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionomers are polymers in which an ionic group is covalently bonded to the polymer backbone. Ion aggregates in ionomers have morphologies that allow for the packing of the attached polymer backbone. Using ion-only coarse-grained molecular dynamics, we observe that string-like ion aggregates become flat and sheet-like at lower dielectric constants. A consequence of the changing morphology is that the sheet-like aggregates self-assemble to form ordered, lamellar structures. We use a simple thermodynamic model to demonstrate that depletion attraction mediated by small aggregates can explain the observed order. Our results suggest that depletion attraction can drive ions to form structures that have the size scale suggested by direct visualization, produce the commonly observed experimental correlation peak from X-ray and neutron scattering, and satisfy chain-packing constraints that have been demonstrated to be important in simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keran Lu
- The Pennsylvania State University, 120 Fenske Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Janna K Maranas
- The Pennsylvania State University, 120 Fenske Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Scott T Milner
- The Pennsylvania State University, 120 Fenske Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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29
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Shishlov N, Khursan S. Effect of ion interactions on the IR spectrum of benzenesulfonate ion. Restoration of sulfonate ion symmetry in sodium benzenesulfonate dimer. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Ting CL, Sorensen-Unruh KE, Stevens MJ, Frischknecht AL. Nonequilibrium simulations of model ionomers in an oscillating electric field. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:044902. [PMID: 27475392 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark J. Stevens
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Amalie L. Frischknecht
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
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31
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Jian Z, Leicht H, Mecking S. Direct Synthesis of Imidazolium-Functional Polyethylene by Insertion Copolymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:934-8. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbao Jian
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science; Department of Chemistry; University of Konstanz; Universitätsstrasse 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Hannes Leicht
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science; Department of Chemistry; University of Konstanz; Universitätsstrasse 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science; Department of Chemistry; University of Konstanz; Universitätsstrasse 10 78457 Konstanz Germany
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32
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Agrawal A, Perahia D, Grest GS. Cluster Morphology-Polymer Dynamics Correlations in Sulfonated Polystyrene Melts: Computational Study. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:158001. [PMID: 27127986 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.158001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reaching exceptionally long times up to 500 ns in equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations studies, we have attained a fundamental molecular understanding of the correlation of ionomer clusters structure and multiscale dynamics, providing new insight into one critical, long-standing challenge in ionic polymer physics. The cluster structure in melts of sulfonated polystyrene with Na^{+} and Mg^{2+} counterions are resolved and correlated with the dynamics on multiple length and time scales extracted from measurements of the dynamic structure factor and shear rheology. We find that as the morphology of the ionic clusters changes from ladderlike for Na^{+} to disordered structures for Mg^{2+}, the dynamic structure factor is affected on the length scale corresponding to the ionic clusters. Rheology studies show that the viscosity for Mg^{2+} melts is higher than for Na^{+} ones for all shear rates, which is well correlated with the larger ionic clusters' size for the Mg^{2+} melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Dvora Perahia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - Gary S Grest
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
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33
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Chang D, Olsen BD. Self-assembly of protein-zwitterionic polymer bioconjugates into nanostructured materials. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01894c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioconjugates of a red fluorescent protein mCherry and a zwitterionic polymer (PDMAPS) are self-assembled into nanostructured materials. The concentrated solution phase behaviour is studied to elucidate the effect of high charge density along the polymer backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsook Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Bradley D. Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
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34
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Zhang L, Qiu B, Song Y, Zheng Q. Molecular relaxation and dynamic rheology of “cluster phase”-free ionomers based on lanthanum(iii)-neutralized low-carboxylated poly(methyl methacrylate). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10135f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
La(iii)-neutralized low-carboxylated poly(methyl methacrylate)-based ionomers free of cluster phase exhibit a fluid-to-solid transition assigned to an interconnected multiplets network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Biwei Qiu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yihu Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
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35
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Kulkarni A, Lele A, Sivaram S, Rajamohanan PR, Velankar S, Chatterji A. Star Telechelic Poly(l-lactide) Ionomers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Kulkarni
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ashish Lele
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | | | - P. R. Rajamohanan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-National
Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Sachin Velankar
- Chemical
Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Apratim Chatterji
- Physics
Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, 411008, India
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36
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Xiang P, Ye Z. Hyperbranched Polyethylene Ionomers Containing Cationic Tetralkylammonium Ions Synthesized by Pd–Diimine-Catalyzed Direct Ethylene Copolymerization with Ionic Liquid Comonomers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiang
- Bharti
School of Engineering, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Bharti
School of Engineering, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
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37
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Ruan D, Simmons DS. Roles of chain stiffness and segmental rattling in ionomer glass formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dihui Ruan
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Polymer Engineering Academic Center; The University of Akron; 250 South Forge Street Akron Ohio 44325-0301
| | - David S. Simmons
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Polymer Engineering Academic Center; The University of Akron; 250 South Forge Street Akron Ohio 44325-0301
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38
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Datta P, Guha C, Sarkhel G. Study of mechanical, thermal, morphological, and process rheology of acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA)/ Na +1poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) ionomer blend. POLYM ENG SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Datta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Birla Institute of Technology; Mesra Ranchi India
| | - Chandan Guha
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Jadavpur University; Kolkata India
| | - Gautam Sarkhel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Birla Institute of Technology; Mesra Ranchi India
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39
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Synthesis and characterization of precisely-defined ethylene-co-aryl ether polymers via ADMET polymerization. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Buitrago CF, Bolintineanu DS, Seitz ME, Opper KL, Wagener KB, Stevens MJ, Frischknecht AL, Winey KI. Direct Comparisons of X-ray Scattering and Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Precise Acid Copolymers and Ionomers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5022117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan S. Bolintineanu
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | | | - Kathleen L. Opper
- George
and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Kenneth B. Wagener
- George
and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Mark J. Stevens
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Amalie L. Frischknecht
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
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41
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Choi UH, Middleton LR, Soccio M, Buitrago CF, Aitken BS, Masser H, Wagener KB, Winey KI, Runt J. Dynamics of Precise Ethylene Ionomers Containing Ionic Liquid Functionality. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502168e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- U Hyeok Choi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Functional
Composites Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 642-831, Korea
| | | | - Michelina Soccio
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | - Brian S. Aitken
- George
and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Hanqing Masser
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kenneth B. Wagener
- George
and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | - James Runt
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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42
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43
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Kausar A, Khurram M, Siddiq M. Sulfonated poly(sulfone-pyridine-amide)/sulfonated polystyrene/multiwalled carbon nanotube-based fuel cell membranes. POLYM ENG SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences and Catalysis Division; National Centre For Physics; 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khurram
- Nanosciences and Catalysis Division; National Centre For Physics; 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Siddiq
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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44
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Song W, Han H, Liao X, Sun R, Wu J, Xie M. Metathesis Cyclopolymerization of Imidazolium-Functionalized 1,6-Heptadiyne toward Polyacetylene Ionomer. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huijing Han
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liao
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meiran Xie
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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45
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Effect of Na-ionomer on dynamic rheological, dynamic mechanical and creep properties of acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA)/Na+1poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) ionomer blend. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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47
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Datta P, Guha C, Sarkhel G. Study of Dynamic Rheological, Dynamic Mechanical and Creep Properties of Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA)/Zn+2poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) Ionomer Blend. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.937130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Tungchaiwattana S, Musa MS, Yan J, Lovell PA, Shaw P, Saunders BR. The role of acrylonitrile in controlling the structure and properties of nanostructured ionomer films. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:4725-4734. [PMID: 24852137 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00695j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ionomers are polymers which contain ionic groups that are covalently bound to the main chain. The presence of a small percentage of ionic groups strongly affects the polymer's mechanical properties. Here, we examine a new family of nanostructured ionomer films prepared from core-shell polymer nanoparticles containing acrylonitrile (AN), 1,3-butadiene (Bd) and methacrylic acid (MAA). Three new AN-containing dispersions were investigated in this study. The core-shell nanoparticles contained a PBd core. The shells contained copolymerised Bd, AN and MAA, i.e., PBd-AN-MAA. Three types of crosslinking were present in these films: covalent crosslinks (from Bd); strong physical crosslinks (involving ionic bonding of RCOO(-) and Zn(2+)) and weaker physical crosslinks (from AN). We examined and compared the roles of AN and ionic crosslinking (from added Zn(2+)) on the structure and mechanical properties of the films. The FTIR spectroscopy data showed evidence for RCOOH-nitrile hydrogen bonding with tetrahedral geometry. DMTA studies showed that AN copolymerised within the PBd-AN-MAA phase uniformly. Tensile stress-strain data showed that inclusion of AN increased elasticity and toughness. Analysis showed that about 33 AN groups were required to provide an elastically-effective chain. However, only 1.5 to 2 ionically bonded RCOO(-) groups were required to generate an elastically-effective chain. By contrast to ionic bonding, AN inclusion increased the modulus without compromising ductility. Our results show that AN is an attractive, versatile, monomer for increasing the toughness of nanostructured ionomers and this should also be the case for other nanostructured polymer elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somjit Tungchaiwattana
- Polymer Science and Technology Group, The School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Grosvenor Street, M13 9PL, UK.
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49
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Stewart-Sloan CR, Olsen BD. Protonation-Induced Microphase Separation in Thin Films of a Polyelectrolyte-Hydrophilic Diblock Copolymer. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:410-414. [PMID: 24910809 PMCID: PMC4045328 DOI: 10.1021/mz400650q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymers composed of poly(oligo ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) are disordered in the neat state but can be induced to order by protonation of the P2VP block, demonstrating a tunable and responsive method for triggering assembly in thin films. Comparison of protonation with the addition of salts shows that microphase separation is due to selective protonation of the P2VP block. Increasing acid incorporation and increasing 2-vinylpyridine content for P2VP minority copolymers both promote increasingly phase-separated morphologies, consistent with protonation increasing the effective strength of segregation between the two blocks. The self-assembled nanostructures formed after casting from acidic solutions may be tuned based on the amount and type of acid incorporation as well as the annealing treatment applied after casting, where both aqueous and polar organic solvents are shown to be effective. Therefore, POEGMA-b-P2VP is a novel ion-containing block copolymer whose morphologies can be facilely tuned during casting and processing by controlling its exposure to acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte R. Stewart-Sloan
- Departments of †Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley D. Olsen
- Departments of †Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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50
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Zhang M, Yuan X, Wang L, Chung TCM, Huang T, deGroot W. Synthesis and Characterization of Well-Controlled Isotactic Polypropylene Ionomers Containing Ammonium Ion Groups. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xuepei Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - T. C. Mike Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tianzi Huang
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport Blvd., Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | - Willem deGroot
- The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport Blvd., Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
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