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Pugar JA, Childs CM, Huang C, Haider KW, Washburn NR. Elucidating the Physicochemical Basis of the Glass Transition Temperature in Linear Polyurethane Elastomers with Machine Learning. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9722-9733. [PMID: 32898420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The glass transition temperature (Tg) is a fundamental property of polymers that strongly influences both mechanical and flow characteristics of the material. In many important polymers, configurational entropy of side chains is a dominant factor determining it. In contrast, the thermal transition in polyurethanes is thought to be determined by a combination of steric and electronic factors from the dispersed hard segments within the soft segment medium. Here, we present a machine learning model for the Tg in linear polyurethanes and aim to uncover the underlying physicochemical parameters that determine this. The model was trained on literature data from 43 industrially relevant combinations of polyols and isocyanates using descriptors derived from quantum chemistry, cheminformatics, and solution thermodynamics forming the feature space. Random forest and regularized regression were then compared to build a sparse linear model from six descriptors. Consistent with empirical understanding of polyurethane chemistry, this study indicates the characteristics of isocyanate monomers strongly determine the increase in Tg. Accurate predictions of Tg from the model are demonstrated, and the significance of the features is discussed. The results suggest that the tools of machine learning can provide both physical insights as well as accurate predictions of complex material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Pugar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Christopher M Childs
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Christine Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Karl W Haider
- Covestro LLC, 1 Covestro Circle, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205, United States
| | - Newell R Washburn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Blyler LL, Kwei TK. Flow behavior of polyethylene melts containing dissolved gases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070350113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Mead WT, Porter RS. Formation properties of solid-state extruded high density polyethylene fibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070630125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Martin JR, Johnson JF, Cooper AR. Mechanical Properties of Polymers: The Influence of Molecular Weight and Molecular Weight Distribution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/15321797208068169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Christiansen AW, Baer E, Radcliffe SV. The mechanical behaviour of polymers under high pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/14786437108227400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. W. Christiansen
- a Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio , 44106
- b Division of Macromolecular Science
| | - E. Baer
- a Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio , 44106
- b Division of Macromolecular Science
| | - S. V. Radcliffe
- a Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio , 44106
- c Division of Metallurgy and Materials Science
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lam
- a Department of Macromolecular Science , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
- b Research Laboratories , Rohm and Haas Co. , P.O. Box 219, Bristol, Pennsylvania, 19007
| | - P. H. Geil
- a Department of Macromolecular Science , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
- c Polymer Group, Department of Metallurgy and Mining Engineering , University of Illinois , Urbana, Illinois, 61801
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Polyethylene-polystyrene gradient polymers III. Mechanical and rheo-optical studies of relaxation processes. Colloid Polym Sci 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01412502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Die Glastemperatur der amorphen Bereiche in partiell-kristallinem Polymethylen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01507509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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