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Wang Y, Zhang K, Xu F, Zong Y, Chen L, Li W. The effect of justice sensitivity on malevolent creativity: the mediating role of anger and the moderating role of emotion regulation strategies. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:265. [PMID: 38741161 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND the AMORAL model emphasizes the close connection of individuals' belief system and malevolent creativity. Belief in a just world theory (BJW) states that people have a basic need to believe that the world they live in is just, and everyone gets what they deserve. Therefore, justice matters to all people. Justice sensitivity, as one of individual trait, has been found associated with negative goals. However, relevant studies have not tested whether justice sensitivity can affect malevolent creativity and its psychological mechanisms. Additionally, researchers have found that both anger and emotion regulation linked with justice sensitivity and malevolent creativity, but their contribution to the relationship between justice sensitivity and malevolent creativity remained unclear. The current study aims to explore the influence of justice sensitivity on malevolent creativity, the mediating effect of trait anger/state anger on the relationship between justice sensitivity and malevolent creativity, and the moderating effect of emotion regulation on this mediating effect. METHODS A moderated mediating model was constructed to test the relationship between justice sensitivity and malevolent creativity. A sample of 395 Chinese college students were enrolled to complete the questionnaire survey. RESULTS Justice sensitivity positively correlated with malevolent creativity, both trait anger and state anger partly mediated the connection between justice sensitivity and malevolent creativity. Moreover, emotion regulation moderated the indirect effect of the mediation model. The indirect effect of justice sensitivity on malevolent creativity through trait anger/state anger increased as the level of emotion regulation increased. The results indicated that justice sensitivity can affect malevolent creativity directly and indirectly through the anger. The level of emotion regulation differentiated the indirect paths of justice sensitivity on malevolent creativity. CONCLUSIONS Justice sensitivity and malevolent creativity was mediated by trait anger/state anger. The higher sensitivity to justice, the higher level of trait anger/state anger, which in turn boosted the tendency of malevolent creativity. This indirect connection was moderated by emotion regulation, individuals with high emotion regulation are better able to buffer anger from justice sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Yayi Zong
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Lujia Chen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Wenfu Li
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
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2
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Haines VY, Patient D, Guerrero S. The fairness of human resource management practices: an assessment by the justice sensitive. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1355378. [PMID: 38596324 PMCID: PMC11002264 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1355378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although fairness is a pervasive and ongoing concern in organizations, the fairness of human resource management practices is often overlooked. This study examines how individual differences in justice sensitivity influence the extent to which human resource management practices are perceived to convey principles of organizational justice. Methods Analysis was performed on a matching sample of 283 university students from three academic units in two countries having responded at two time points. Justice sensitivity was measured with the 40-item inventory developed and validated by Schmitt et al. (2010). Respondents were instructed to indicate to what extent each of 61 human resource management practices generally conveys principles of organizational justice. Results Justice sensitivity was positively associated with subsequent assessments of the justice contents of human resource management practices. The distinction between self-oriented and other-oriented justice sensitivities was helpful in determining perceptions of these human resource management practices and of a subset of pay-for-performance practices. Discussion The findings inform current research about the meanings borne by human resource management practices, and also increase understanding of entity judgment formation as an important aspect of systemic justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Y. Haines
- School of Industrial Relations, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Patient
- Vlerick Business School, Ghent, East Flanders, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Guerrero
- École des sciences de la gestion (ESG), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Toribio-Flórez D, Saße J, Baumert A. "Proof Under Reasonable Doubt": Ambiguity of the Norm Violation as Boundary Condition of Third-Party Punishment. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023; 49:429-446. [PMID: 35100898 PMCID: PMC9900685 DOI: 10.1177/01461672211067675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In six studies, we consistently observed costly third-party punishment (3PP) to decrease under ambiguity of the norm violation. Our research suggests that, under ambiguity, some people experience concerns about punishing unfairly. Those with higher (vs. lower) other-oriented justice sensitivity (Observer JS) reduced 3PP more pronouncedly (in Studies 1-3 and 4b, but not replicated in Studies 4-5). Moreover, those who decided to resolve the ambiguity (hence, removing the risk of punishing unfairly) exceeded the 3PP observed under no ambiguity (Study 4). However, we did not consistently observe these concerns about punishing unfairly to affect 3PP (Studies 4-5). We further considered whether people could use ambiguity as justification for remaining passive-thus, avoiding the costs of 3PP. We did not find conclusive evidence supporting this notion. Taken together, ambiguity entails a situational boundary of 3PP that sheds light on the prevalence of this behavior and, potentially, on its preceding decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Toribio-Flórez
- Max Planck Institute for Research on
Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany,Technical University of Munich,
Germany,Daniel Toribio-Flórez, Max Planck Institute
for Research on Collective Goods, Kurt-Schumacher-Str. 10, D-53113 Bonn,
Germany.
| | - Julia Saße
- Max Planck Institute for Research on
Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Baumert
- Max Planck Institute for Research on
Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany,University of Wuppertal, Germany
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Rudert SC, Speckert K. You shouldn't have shut them out: Justice sensitivity and norm adherence affect moral reactions to observed ostracism. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Hafer CL, Weissflog M, Drolet CE, Segalowitz SJ. The Relation Between Belief in a Just World and Early Processing of Deserved and Undeserved Outcomes: An ERP Study. Soc Neurosci 2022; 17:95-116. [PMID: 35125043 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2022.2038262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine how quickly people in general, and certain people in particular, process deservingness-relevant information. Female university students completed individual difference measures, including individual differences in the belief in a just world (BJW), a belief that people get what they deserve. They then read stories in which an outcome was deserved, undeserved, or neither deserved nor undeserved (i.e., "neutral") while their ERPs were recorded with scalp electrodes. We found no overall differentiation between early ERP responses (< 300 ms post stimulus onset) to deserved, undeserved, and neutral outcomes. However, BJW correlated with the difference between early ERP responses to these forms of information (rs from |.44| to |.61|; ps from .018 to < .001). The early nature of our effects (e.g., 96 ms after stimulus onset) suggests individual differences in socially-relevant information processing that begins before conscious evaluation of the stimuli. Potential underlying processes include automatic attention to schema-relevant information and to unexpected (and therefore salient) information and automatic processing of belief-consistent information. Our research underscores the importance of the concept of deservingness in human information processing as well as the utility of ERP technology and robust statistical analyses in investigations of complex social stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline E Drolet
- Caroline E. Drolet is now at the Neuroscience Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
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6
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Reinhaus D, Jelich H, Tschuschke V, Wolgast A. Sensitivity to Injustice of Politicians and Voters. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. This explorative study compares the sensitivity to injustice of 116 Members of the German National Parliament and 998 German citizens eligible to vote, from the perspective of a victim, an observer, a beneficiary, and a perpetrator. Politicians were found to have a significantly higher observer, beneficiary, and perpetrator sensitivity and a significantly lower victim sensitivity than voters. These results fit with the findings that observer and perpetrator sensitivity usually correlates positively with political engagement and beneficiary sensitivity, whereas victim sensitivity correlates negatively with political commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Reinhaus
- Department of Psychology, University of Applied Sciences for SMEs (FHM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Jelich
- Department of Medical Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Tschuschke
- Department of Medical Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anett Wolgast
- Department of Psychology, University of Applied Sciences for SMEs (FHM), Hannover, Germany
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7
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Roseborough JEW, Wickens CM, Wiesenthal DL. Retaliatory aggressive driving: A justice perspective. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2021; 162:106393. [PMID: 34536652 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Driving anger and roadway aggression have previously been conceptualized using attributional theory, the theory of planned behavior, and the general aggression model (GAM) framework. The current study builds on these findings, testing the applicability of the attribution-of-blame model of perceptions of injustice and expanding existing models of retaliatory driving aggression to include unjust world beliefs and sensitivity to injustice. A sample of 269 participants from a large urban Canadian university viewed five animated driving scenarios (i.e., a queuing violation, a dangerous turn in front of oncoming traffic, selfish parking behavior, misuse of a high occupancy vehicle lane, and a driver failing to stop at a red light). Prior to viewing each scenario, a brief written description of the scenario was provided to each participant and read aloud by the experimenter. After viewing each scenario, participants completed a questionnaire regarding their attributions, emotions, and anticipated behavior in response to the animated scenario. After viewing all animated videos, participants completed a second questionnaire that assessed individual differences and demographic variables. Consistent with the GAM, structural equation and mediation analyses identified a significant path from individual differences (i.e., belief in an unjust world and driving injustice sensitivity), through internal states (i.e., perceptions of injustice and anger), to retaliatory aggressive driving. Results of this study found consistent paths between factors which were significant across all five scenarios and may therefore be generalizable to other driving situations. Other pathways were found to influence only a selection of the five scenarios, suggesting that they may be situation specific. Results provide support for possible intervention strategies that can be employed by driver education programs to reduce aggressive driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E W Roseborough
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Ontario College of Art and Design University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine M Wickens
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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8
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Rothschild ZK, Keefer LA. Meaningful outrage: Anger at injustice bolsters meaning for justice sensitive individuals. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas A. Keefer
- Bowdoin College University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
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9
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Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Wang K, Chen S, Zhou M. How Social Media Shapes One’s Public Mood: The Three-Way Interaction Effect of Sphere, Information Valence, and Justice Sensitivity. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1834490921991425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Public mood is a key concept in explaining collective activity, but the way social media shapes an audience’s public mood is still not fully understood. This study aims to explore how social media posts with various characteristics change public mood. The authors asked 351 participants to read 30 microblog newsletters with a 2 × 2 between-subject design (public × private sphere; positive × negative value). The results showed that (a) positive private information decreased negative public mood, (b) positive public information decreased positive public mood rather than increasing it, and (c) negative private information reduced the positive public mood of individuals who were high in justice sensitivity. The discussion focuses on the adverse effect of overexposure to positive public information and how individuals’ means of information processing vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhou
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Center for Communication Research, Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Journalism and Communication, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
| | - Mingjie Zhou
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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10
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Bondü R, Inerle S. Afraid of injustice? Justice sensitivity is linked to general anxiety and social phobia symptoms. J Affect Disord 2020; 272:198-206. [PMID: 32553359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Justice sensitivity (JS), the tendency to perceive and adversely respond to injustice, is related to externalizing problem behavior. Less is known about relations with internalizing problems including affective disorders, such as social phobia or general anxiety. METHODS We had N = 904 participants rate their JS, general anxiety and social phobia symptoms, and control variables. RESULTS All JS subscales were positively correlated with general anxiety and social phobia symptoms. Victim JS predicted both anxiety measures beyond the control variables, beneficiary JS predicted social phobia symptoms. These links were fully mediated by negative affect and fear of rejection and criticism. LIMITATIONS The present study used cross-sectional data and requires replication with longitudinal data. Influences from anxiety symptoms on JS are also possible. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate that JS is linked to anxiety symptoms in the general population, irrespective of the perspective from which individuals are justice sensitive and beyond other well-established risk factors. JS may be a vulnerability and a stress factor that may add to developing and maintaining anxiety and phobia symptoms. Therefore, JS may deserve consideration in anxiety research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bondü
- Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, University of Konstanz, , University of Konstanz, Germany.
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11
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Hafer CL, Drolet CE, Davis EE, Segalowitz SJ, Shulman EP. Evidence of a Processing Advantage for Deservingness-Relevant Information. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. We investigated processing speed for deservingness-relevant versus deservingness-irrelevant information. Female students read stories involving deserved, undeserved, or neutral outcomes. We recorded participants’ reaction time (RT) in processing the outcomes. We also measured individual differences in “belief in a just world” as a proxy for deservingness schematicity. RTs for deserved and undeserved outcomes were faster than for neutral outcomes, B = −8.45, p = .011, an effect that increased the stronger the belief in a just world (e.g., B = −3.18, p = .006). These findings provide novel evidence that the construct of deservingness is central in human social relations, and suggest both universal and particularistic schemas for deservingness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn L. Hafer
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Caroline E. Drolet
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Emily E. Davis
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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12
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Towards an explanatory personality psychology: Integrating personality structure, personality process, and personality development. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Hoover J, Johnson K, Boghrati R, Graham J, Dehghani M. Moral Framing and Charitable Donation: Integrating Exploratory Social Media Analyses and Confirmatory Experimentation. COLLABRA-PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1525/collabra.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Do appeals to moral values promote charitable donation during natural disasters? Using Distributed Dictionary Representation, we analyze tweets posted during Hurricane Sandy to explore associations between moral values and charitable donation sentiment. We then derive hypotheses from the observed associations and test these hypotheses across a series of preregistered experiments that investigate the effects of moral framing on perceived donation motivation (Studies 2 & 3), hypothetical donation (Study 4), and real donation behavior (Study 5). Overall, we find consistent positive associations between moral care and loyalty framing with donation sentiment and donation motivation. However, in contrast with people’s perceptions, we also find that moral frames may not actually have reliable effects on charitable donation, as measured by hypothetical indications of donation and real donation behavior. Overall, this work demonstrates that theoretically constrained, exploratory social media analyses can be used to generate viable hypotheses, but also that such approaches should be paired with rigorous controlled experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Hoover
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, US
| | - Kate Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, US
| | - Reihane Boghrati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, US
| | - Jesse Graham
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, US
| | - Morteza Dehghani
- Department of Psychology and Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, US
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14
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Lis S, Schaedler A, Liebke L, Hauschild S, Thome J, Schmahl C, Stahlberg D, Kleindienst N, Bohus M. Borderline Personality Disorder Features and Sensitivity to Injustice. J Pers Disord 2018; 32:192-206. [PMID: 28513345 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2017_31_292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypersensitivity to injustice has been proposed to contribute to interpersonal dysfunction in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We investigated whether BPD features are related to sensitivity to injustice and whether justice sensitivity mediates the relationship between BPD features and aggressive behavior. In an online survey, subjects reported justice sensitivity from the perspective of a victim, an observer, a beneficiary, and a perpetrator as well as BPD features and their own aggressive behavior. Justice sensitivity was higher in participants with a clinically relevant degree of BPD features when they evaluated injustice from the perspective of a victim or an observer. Victim sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between BPD features and the frequency of aggressive behavior. The present study provides first data on the important role of sensitivity to injustice in those with marked BPD features. Particularly, victim sensitivity with its close link to angry reactions may contribute to interpersonal problems in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Lis
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Schaedler
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Liebke
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sophie Hauschild
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janine Thome
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Schmahl
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg
| | - Dagmar Stahlberg
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niko Kleindienst
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bohus
- Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Health, University of Antwerp, Belgium
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Moutousi O, May D. How Change-related Unethical Leadership Triggers Follower Resistance to Change: A Theoretical Account and Conceptual Model. JOURNAL OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14697017.2018.1446695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Moutousi
- Department of People and Organizations, NEOMA Business School, Reims, France
| | - Daniel May
- Department of Education and Psychology, Division of Social, Organizational and Economic Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Crone DL, Bode S, Murawski C, Laham SM. The Socio-Moral Image Database (SMID): A novel stimulus set for the study of social, moral and affective processes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190954. [PMID: 29364985 PMCID: PMC5783374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A major obstacle for the design of rigorous, reproducible studies in moral psychology is the lack of suitable stimulus sets. Here, we present the Socio-Moral Image Database (SMID), the largest standardized moral stimulus set assembled to date, containing 2,941 freely available photographic images, representing a wide range of morally (and affectively) positive, negative and neutral content. The SMID was validated with over 820,525 individual judgments from 2,716 participants, with normative ratings currently available for all images on affective valence and arousal, moral wrongness, and relevance to each of the five moral values posited by Moral Foundations Theory. We present a thorough analysis of the SMID regarding (1) inter-rater consensus, (2) rating precision, and (3) breadth and variability of moral content. Additionally, we provide recommendations for use aimed at efficient study design and reproducibility, and outline planned extensions to the database. We anticipate that the SMID will serve as a useful resource for psychological, neuroscientific and computational (e.g., natural language processing or computer vision) investigations of social, moral and affective processes. The SMID images, along with associated normative data and additional resources are available at https://osf.io/2rqad/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien L. Crone
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stefan Bode
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carsten Murawski
- Department of Finance, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon M. Laham
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Rothschild ZK, Keefer LA. Righteous or self-righteous anger? Justice sensitivity moderates defensive outrage at a third-party harm-doer. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas A. Keefer
- University of Southern Mississippi; Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
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18
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Effects of injustice in primary schools on students’ behavior and joy of learning. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11218-017-9416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Wu Y, Tian X. Regional homogeneity of intrinsic brain activity correlates with justice sensitivity. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Baumert A, Schmitt M, Perugini M, Johnson W, Blum G, Borkenau P, Costantini G, Denissen JJA, Fleeson W, Grafton B, Jayawickreme E, Kurzius E, MacLeod C, Miller LC, Read SJ, Roberts B, Robinson MD, Wood D, Wrzus C. Integrating Personality Structure, Personality Process, and Personality Development. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this target article, we argue that personality processes, personality structure, and personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order to provide comprehensive responses to the key questions of personality psychology. The psychological processes and mechanisms that explain concrete behaviour in concrete situations should provide explanation for patterns of variation across situations and individuals, for development over time as well as for structures observed in intra–individual and inter–individual differences. Personality structures, defined as patterns of covariation in behaviour, including thoughts and feelings, are results of those processes in transaction with situational affordances and regularities. It cannot be presupposed that processes are organized in ways that directly correspond to the observed structure. Rather, it is an empirical question whether shared sets of processes are uniquely involved in shaping correlated behaviours, but not uncorrelated behaviours (what we term ‘correspondence’ throughout this paper), or whether more complex interactions of processes give rise to population–level patterns of covariation (termed ‘emergence’). The paper is organized in three parts, with part I providing the main arguments, part II reviewing some of the past approaches at (partial) integration, and part III outlining conclusions of how future personality psychology should progress towards complete integration. Working definitions for the central terms are provided in the appendix. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baumert
- Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany
- School of Education, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Schmitt
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - Marco Perugini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Wendy Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gabriela Blum
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - Peter Borkenau
- Department of Psychology, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ben Grafton
- Centre for the Advancement of Research on Emotion, School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Elena Kurzius
- Department of Psychology, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Colin MacLeod
- Centre for the Advancement of Research on Emotion, School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lynn C. Miller
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Stephen J. Read
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Brent Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, USA
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Dustin Wood
- Department of Management, University of Alabama, USA
| | - Cornelia Wrzus
- Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
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Sonnentag TL, Wadian TW, Barnett MA, Gretz MR, Bailey SM. Characteristics Associated With Individuals’ Caring, Just, and Brave Expressions of the Tendency to Be a Moral Rebel. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2017.1304821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark A. Barnett
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University
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Decety J, Yoder KJ. The Emerging Social Neuroscience of Justice Motivation. Trends Cogn Sci 2017; 21:6-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bondü R, Richter P. Interrelations of Justice, Rejection, Provocation, and Moral Disgust Sensitivity and Their Links with the Hostile Attribution Bias, Trait Anger, and Aggression. Front Psychol 2016; 7:795. [PMID: 27303351 PMCID: PMC4884733 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several personality dispositions with common features capturing sensitivities to negative social cues have recently been introduced into psychological research. To date, however, little is known about their interrelations, their conjoint effects on behavior, or their interplay with other risk factors. We asked N = 349 adults from Germany to rate their justice, rejection, moral disgust, and provocation sensitivity, hostile attribution bias, trait anger, and forms and functions of aggression. The sensitivity measures were mostly positively correlated; particularly those with an egoistic focus, such as victim justice, rejection, and provocation sensitivity, hostile attributions and trait anger as well as those with an altruistic focus, such as observer justice, perpetrator justice, and moral disgust sensitivity. The sensitivity measures had independent and differential effects on forms and functions of aggression when considered simultaneously and when controlling for hostile attributions and anger. They could not be integrated into a single factor of interpersonal sensitivity or reduced to other well-known risk factors for aggression. The sensitivity measures, therefore, require consideration in predicting and preventing aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bondü
- Department of Psychology, University of KonstanzKonstanz, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of PotsdamPotsdam, Germany
| | - Philipp Richter
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam Potsdam, Germany
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25
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Firestone C, Scholl BJ. ‘Moral Perception’ Reflects Neither Morality Nor Perception. Trends Cogn Sci 2016; 20:75-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Gantman AP, Van Bavel JJ. Moral Perception. Trends Cogn Sci 2015; 19:631-633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bondü R, Esser G. Justice and rejection sensitivity in children and adolescents with ADHD symptoms. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 24:185-98. [PMID: 24878677 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-014-0560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Justice sensitivity captures individual differences in the frequency with which injustice is perceived and the intensity of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions to it. Persons with ADHD have been reported to show high justice sensitivity, and a recent study provided evidence for this notion in an adult sample. In 1,235 German 10-to 19-year olds, we measured ADHD symptoms, justice sensitivity from the victim, observer, and perpetrator perspective, the frequency of perceptions of injustice, anxious and angry rejection sensitivity, depressive symptoms, conduct problems, and self-esteem. Participants with ADHD symptoms reported significantly higher victim justice sensitivity, more perceptions of injustice, and higher anxious and angry rejection sensitivity, but significantly lower perpetrator justice sensitivity than controls. In latent path analyses, justice sensitivity as well as rejection sensitivity partially mediated the link between ADHD symptoms and comorbid problems when considered simultaneously. Thus, both justice sensitivity and rejection sensitivity may contribute to explaining the emergence and maintenance of problems typically associated with ADHD symptoms, and should therefore be considered in ADHD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bondü
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany,
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Baumert A, Beierlein C, Schmitt M, Kemper CJ, Kovaleva A, Liebig S, Rammstedt B. Measuring Four Perspectives of Justice Sensitivity With Two Items Each. J Pers Assess 2013; 96:380-90. [DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2013.836526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Baumert A, Halmburger A, Schmitt M. Interventions Against Norm Violations. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2013; 39:1053-68. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167213490032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Moral courage is characterized as a bystander intervention against the norm violations of a perpetrator despite the potential for negative consequences for oneself. We tested a comprehensive set of potential personality determinants of moral courage derived from a model of helping. In Study 1, we used a vignette to assess the self-reported willingness to intervene against a theft. In Study 2, the theft was put into effect, and behavioral reactions were observed. The results of Study 1 showed that moral disengagement, self-efficacy, and social anxiety, which are traits that are known to predict helping, were also related to moral courage intentions. Differently, in Study 2, real moral courage was predicted only by beneficiary sensitivity, a disposition that captures perceptual readiness and affective reactivity to perceived injustice. Our results provide insights into the processes involved in moral courage in a realistic situation and stress the importance of behavioral observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baumert
- University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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31
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Stavrova O, Schlösser T, Baumert A. Life Satisfaction and Job-Seeking Behavior of the Unemployed: The Effect of Individual Differences in Justice Sensitivity. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/apps.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Baumert
- University of Koblenz-Landau; Germany
- University of Western Australia; Australia
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32
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Cramer AOJ, Van Der Sluis S, Noordhof A, Wichers M, Geschwind N, Aggen SH, Kendler KS, Borsboom D. Measurable Like Temperature or Mereological like Flocking? on the Nature of Personality Traits. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/per.1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Some commentators wholeheartedly disagreed with the central tenet of the network perspective on personality, namely that traits are the result of mutual interactions between thoughts, feelings and behaviours. In this rejoinder, we primarily focus on these commentaries by (i) clarifying the main differences between the latent versus the network view on traits; (ii) discussing some of the arguments in favour of the latent trait views that were put forward by these commentators; and by (iii) comparing the capacity of both views to explain thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Some commentators were by and large positive about the network perspective, and we discuss their excellent suggestions for defining components and linking these to genes and other biological mechanisms. We conclude that no doors should be closed in the study of personality and that, as such, alternative theories such as the network perspective should be welcomed, formalised and tested. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Van Der Sluis
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Complex Trait Genetics, Department Functional Genomics & Dept. Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), FALW-VUA, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Noordhof
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Wichers
- European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Geschwind
- European Graduate School for Neuroscience, SEARCH, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
- Research Group on Health Psychology, Centre for the Psychology of Learning and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven H. Aggen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Denny Borsboom
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Baumert A, Otto K, Thomas N, Bobocel DR, Schmitt M. Processing of Unjust and Just Information: Interpretation and Memory Performance Related to Dispositional Victim Sensitivity. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/per.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
With two studies, we tested whether dispositional victim sensitivity involves one of two kinds of biased processing style: either a processing style in which unjust—but not just—information is processed more readily and accurately than neutral information or a processing style in which unjust and just information is processed preferentially over neutral information. In Study 1, victim sensitivity increased the speed with which participants resolved ambiguous sentence fragments in cases in which the resolution yielded an unjust connotation, as well as in cases in which the resolution yielded a just connotation, but not when the resolution was neutral with respect to justice. In Study 2, persons high in victim sensitivity displayed enhanced memory performance for both unjust and just information relative to neutral information over a 1–week retention interval. The results are consistent with the assumption that victim sensitivity is characterized by the activation potential and elaboration of both injustice and justice concepts. Our findings are important for the understanding of how the fear of being exploited among victim–sensitive persons shapes antisocial behaviour. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baumert
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - Kathleen Otto
- Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadine Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Schmitt
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
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