1
|
ElBakry HA, Ammar MM, Moussa TA. Effect of nanodiamonds surface deposition on hydrophilicity, bulk degradation and in-vitrocell adhesion of 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055016. [PMID: 38917826 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad5bac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to deposit nanodiamonds (NDs) on 3D-printed poly-ϵ-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and evaluate their effect on the surface topography, hydrophilicity, degradation, andin-vitrocell adhesion compared to untreated PCL scaffolds. The PCL scaffold specimens were 3D-printed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique with specific porosity parameters. The 3D-printed specimens' surfaces were modified by NDs deposition followed by oxygen plasma post-treatment using a plasma focus device and a non-thermal atmospheric plasma jet, respectively. Specimens were evaluated through morphological characterization by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), microstructure characterization by Raman spectroscopy, chemical characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, hydrophilicity degree by contact angle and water uptake measurements, andin-vitrodegradation measurements (n= 6). In addition,in-vitrobone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhesion was evaluated quantitatively by confocal microscopy and qualitatively by FESEM at different time intervals after cell seeding (n= 6). The statistical significance level was set atp⩽ 0.05. The FESEM micrographs, the Raman, and FTIR spectra confirmed the successful surface deposition of NDs on scaffold specimens. The NDs treated specimens showed nano-scale features distributed homogeneously across the surface compared to the untreated ones. Also, the NDs treated specimens revealed a statistically significant smaller contact angle (17.45 ± 1.34 degrees), higher water uptake percentage after 24 h immersion in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (21.56% ± 1.73), and higher degradation rate after six months of immersion in PBS (43.92 ± 0.77%). Moreover, enhanced cell adhesion at all different time intervals was observed in NDs treated specimens with higher nuclei area fraction percentage (69.87 ± 3.97%) compared to the untreated specimens (11.46 ± 1.34%). Surface deposition of NDs with oxygen-containing functional groups on 3D-printed PCL scaffolds increased their hydrophilicity and degradation rate with significant enhancement of thein-vitrocell adhesion compared to untreated PCL scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadiah A ElBakry
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Ammar
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of oral and dental medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taheya A Moussa
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sarkar N, Zhao J, Zhang NY, Horenberg AL, Grayson WL. 3D printed O 2-generating scaffolds enhance osteoprogenitor- and type H vessel recruitment during bone healing. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00382-9. [PMID: 39009209 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2)-delivering tissue substitutes have shown tremendous potential for enhancing tissue regeneration, maturation, and healing. As O2 is both a metabolite and powerful signaling molecule, providing controlled delivery is crucial for optimizing its beneficial effects in the treatment of critical-sized injuries. Here, we report the design and fabrication of 3D-printed, biodegradable, O2-generating bone scaffold comprising calcium peroxide (CPO) that once hydrolytically activated, provides long-term generation of oxygen at a controlled, concentration-dependent manner, and polycaprolactone (PCL), a hydrophobic polymer that regulate the interaction of CPO with water, preventing burst release of O2 at early time points. When anoxic conditions were simulated in vitro, CPO-PCL scaffolds maintained the survival and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) relative to PCL-only controls. We assessed the in vivo osteogenic efficacy of hASC-seeded CPO-PCL scaffolds implanted in a non-healing critical-sized 4-mm calvarial defects in nude mice for 8 weeks. Even without exogenous osteoinductive factors, CPO-PCL scaffolds demonstrated increased new bone volume compared to PCL-only scaffolds as verified by both microcomputed tomography analysis and histological assessments. Lastly, we employed a quantitative 3D lightsheet microscopy platform to determine that O2-generating scaffolds had similar vascular volumes with slightly higher presence of CD31hiEmcnhi pro-osteogenic, type H vessels and increased number of Osterix+ skeletal progenitor cells relative to PCL-only scaffolds. In summary, 3D-printed O2 generating CPO-PCL scaffolds with tunable O2 release rates provide a facile, customizable strategy for effectively treating, craniofacial bone defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Oxygen(O2)-delivering bone substitutes show promise in defect repair applications by supplying O2 to the cells within or around the graft, improving cell survivability and enhancing bone matrix mineralization. A novel O2-generating bone scaffold has been 3D printed for the first-time which ensures patient and defect specificity. 3D printed calcium peroxide-polycaprolactone (CPO-PCL) bone scaffold provides uninterrupted O2 supply for 22 days allowing cell survival in deprived O2 and nutrient conditions. For the first time, O2-driven bone regenerative environment in mice calvaria has been captured by light-sheet imaging which illuminates abundance of Osterix+ cells, angiogenesis at a single cell resolution indicating active site of bone remodeling and growth in the presence of O2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naboneeta Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jingtong Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Allison L Horenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park JH, Tucker SJ, Yoon JK, Kim Y, Hollister SJ. 3D printing modality effect: Distinct printing outcomes dependent on selective laser sintering (SLS) and melt extrusion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1015-1024. [PMID: 38348580 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A direct and comprehensive comparative study on different 3D printing modalities was performed. We employed two representative 3D printing modalities, laser- and extrusion-based, which are currently used to produce patient-specific medical implants for clinical translation, to assess how these two different 3D printing modalities affect printing outcomes. The same solid and porous constructs were created from the same biomaterial, a blend of 96% poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and 4% hydroxyapatite (HA), using two different 3D printing modalities. Constructs were analyzed to assess their printing characteristics, including morphological, mechanical, and biological properties. We also performed an in vitro accelerated degradation study to compare their degradation behaviors. Despite the same input material, the 3D constructs created from different 3D printing modalities showed distinct differences in morphology, surface roughness and internal void fraction, which resulted in different mechanical properties and cell responses. In addition, the constructs exhibited different degradation rates depending on the 3D printing modalities. Given that each 3D printing modality has inherent characteristics that impact printing outcomes and ultimately implant performance, understanding the characteristics is crucial in selecting the 3D printing modality to create reliable biomedical implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hun Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for 3D Medical Fabrication, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jeong-Kee Yoon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - YongTae Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience (IBB), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Scott J Hollister
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for 3D Medical Fabrication, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naik SS, Torris A, Choudhury NR, Dutta NK, Sukumaran Nair K. Biodegradable and 3D printable lysine functionalized polycaprolactone scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 159:213816. [PMID: 38430722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has sparked interest in creating scaffolds with customizable properties and functional bioactive sites. However, due to limitations in medical practices and manufacturing technologies, it is challenging to replicate complex porous frameworks with appropriate architectures and bioactivity in vitro. To address these challenges, herein, we present a green approach that involves the amino acid (l-lysine) initiated polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone (CL) to produce modified polycaprolactone (PCL) with favorable active sites for TE applications. Further, to better understand the effect of morphology and porosity on cell attachment and proliferation, scaffolds of different geometries with uniform and interconnected pores are designed and fabricated, and their properties are evaluated in comparison with commercial PCL. The scaffold morphology and complex internal micro-architecture are imaged by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), revealing pore size in the range of ~300-900 μm and porosity ranging from 30 to 70 %, while based on the geometry of scaffolds the compressive strength varied from 143 ± 19 to 214 ± 10 MPa. Additionally, the degradation profiles of fabricated scaffolds are found to be influenced by both the chemical nature and product design, where Lys-PCL-based scaffolds with better porosity and lower crystallinity degraded faster than commercial PCL scaffolds. According to in vitro studies, Lys-PCL scaffolds have produced an environment that is better for cell adhesion and proliferation. Moreover, the scaffold design affects the way cells interact; Lys-PCL with zigzag geometry has demonstrated superior in vitro vitality (>90 %) and proliferation in comparison to other designs. This study emphasizes the importance of enhancing bioactivity while meeting morphology and porosity requirements in the design of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali S Naik
- Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India; School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Arun Torris
- Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | | | - Naba K Dutta
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Kiran Sukumaran Nair
- Polymer Science and Engineering, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghosh R, Gupta S, Mehrotra S, Kumar A. Surface-Modified Diopside-Reinforced PCL Biopolymer Composites with Enhanced Interfacial Strength and Mechanical Properties for Orthopedic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7670-7685. [PMID: 38310585 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The phase separation of ceramics in a biopolymer matrix makes it challenging to achieve satisfactory mechanical properties required for orthopedic applications. It has been found that silane coupling agents can modify the surface of the bioceramic phase by forming a molecular bridge between the polymer and the ceramic, resulting in improved interfacial strength and adhesion. Therefore, in the present study, silane-modified diopside (DI) ceramic and ε-polycaprolactone (PCL) biopolymer composites were fabricated by injection molding method. The silane modification of DI resulted in their uniform dispersion in the PCL matrix, whereas agglomeration was found in composites containing unmodified DI. The thermal stability of the silane-modified DI-containing composites also increased. The Young's modulus of the composite containing 50% w/w DI modified by 3% w/w silane increased by 103% compared to composites containing 50% w/w unmodified DI. The biodegradation of the unmodified composites was significantly high, indicating their weak interfacial strength with the PCL matrix (p ≤ 0.001). The osteoconductive behavior of the composites was also validated by in vitro cell-material studies. Overall, our findings supported that the silane-modified composites have improved surface roughness, mechanical, and osteoconductive properties compared to the unmodified composite and have the potential for orthopedic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupita Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Sneha Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Shreya Mehrotra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- Centre of Excellence for Orthopedics and Prosthetics, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stafin K, Śliwa P, Piątkowski M. Towards Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering: A Biomimetic Approach in a 3D Printing Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16180. [PMID: 38003368 PMCID: PMC10671727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The alveolar bone is a unique type of bone, and the goal of bone tissue engineering (BTE) is to develop methods to facilitate its regeneration. Currently, an emerging trend involves the fabrication of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds using a three-dimensional (3D) printing technique to enhance an osteoconductive architecture. These scaffolds are further modified with hydroxyapatite (HA), type I collagen (CGI), or chitosan (CS) to impart high osteoinductive potential. In conjunction with cell therapy, these scaffolds may serve as an appealing alternative to bone autografts. This review discusses research gaps in the designing of 3D-printed PCL-based scaffolds from a biomimetic perspective. The article begins with a systematic analysis of biological mineralisation (biomineralisation) and ossification to optimise the scaffold's structural, mechanical, degradation, and surface properties. This scaffold-designing strategy lays the groundwork for developing a research pathway that spans fundamental principles such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and fabrication techniques. Ultimately, this paves the way for systematic in vitro and in vivo studies, leading to potential clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Stafin
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Śliwa
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Marek Piątkowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Laubach M, Herath B, Bock N, Suresh S, Saifzadeh S, Dargaville BL, McGovern J, Wille ML, Hutmacher DW, Medeiros Savi F. In vivo characterization of 3D-printed polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite scaffolds with Voronoi design to advance the concept of scaffold-guided bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1272348. [PMID: 37860627 PMCID: PMC10584154 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1272348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)-printed medical-grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) composite scaffolds have been the first to enable the concept of scaffold-guided bone regeneration (SGBR) from bench to bedside. However, advances in 3D printing technologies now promise next-generation scaffolds such as those with Voronoi tessellation. We hypothesized that the combination of a Voronoi design, applied for the first time to 3D-printed mPCL and ceramic fillers (here hydroxyapatite, HA), would allow slow degradation and high osteogenicity needed to regenerate bone tissue and enhance regenerative properties when mixed with xenograft material. We tested this hypothesis in vitro and in vivo using 3D-printed composite mPCL-HA scaffolds (wt 96%:4%) with the Voronoi design using an ISO 13485 certified additive manufacturing platform. The resulting scaffold porosity was 73% and minimal in vitro degradation (mass loss <1%) was observed over the period of 6 months. After loading the scaffolds with different types of fresh sheep xenograft and ectopic implantation in rats for 8 weeks, highly vascularized tissue without extensive fibrous encapsulation was found in all mPCL-HA Voronoi scaffolds and endochondral bone formation was observed, with no adverse host-tissue reactions. This study supports the use of mPCL-HA Voronoi scaffolds for further testing in future large preclinical animal studies prior to clinical trials to ultimately successfully advance the SGBR concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Laubach
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Buddhi Herath
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Jamieson Trauma Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sinduja Suresh
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Biomechanics and Spine Research Group at the Centre of Children’s Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Siamak Saifzadeh
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Bronwin L. Dargaville
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacqui McGovern
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marie-Luise Wille
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dietmar W. Hutmacher
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Flavia Medeiros Savi
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Z, Zhang W, Bai G, Lu Q, Li X, Zhou Y, Yang C, Xiao Y, Lang M. Highly resilient and fatigue-resistant poly(4-methyl- ε-caprolactone) porous scaffold fabricated via thiol-yne photo-crosslinking/salt-templating for soft tissue regeneration. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:311-325. [PMID: 37334070 PMCID: PMC10275743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Elastomeric scaffolds, individually customized to mimic the structural and mechanical properties of natural tissues have been used for tissue regeneration. In this regard, polyester elastic scaffolds with tunable mechanical properties and exceptional biological properties have been reported to provide mechanical support and structural integrity for tissue repair. Herein, poly(4-methyl-ε-caprolactone) (PMCL) was first double-terminated by alkynylation (PMCL-DY) as a liquid precursor at room temperature. Subsequently, three-dimensional porous scaffolds with custom shapes were fabricated from PMCL-DY via thiol-yne photocrosslinking using a practical salt template method. By manipulating the Mn of the precursor, the modulus of compression of the scaffold was easily adjusted. As evidenced by the complete recovery from 90% compression, the rapid recovery rate of >500 mm min-1, the extremely low energy loss coefficient of <0.1, and the superior fatigue resistance, the PMCL20-DY porous scaffold was confirmed to harbor excellent elastic properties. In addition, the high resilience of the scaffold was confirmed to endow it with a minimally invasive application potential. In vitro testing revealed that the 3D porous scaffold was biocompatible with rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), inducing BMSCs to differentiate into chondrogenic cells. In addition, the elastic porous scaffold demonstrated good regenerative efficiency in a 12-week rabbit cartilage defect model. Thus, the novel polyester scaffold with adaptable mechanical properties may have extensive applications in soft tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochuang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery of Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Guo Bai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery of Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Qiaohui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Chi Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery of Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Meidong Lang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Geoghegan N, O'Loughlin M, Delaney C, Rochfort KD, Kennedy M, Kolagatla S, Podhorska L, Rodriguez BJ, Florea L, Kelleher SM. Controlled degradation of polycaprolactone-based micropillar arrays. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3077-3091. [PMID: 36876330 PMCID: PMC10152922 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00165b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate the fabrication of arrays of micropillars, achieved through the combination of direct laser writing and nanoimprint lithography. By combining two diacrylate monomers, polycaprolactone dimethacrylate (PCLDMA) and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), two copolymer formulations that, owing to the varying ratios of the hydrolysable ester functionalities present in the polycaprolactone moiety, can be degraded in the presence of base in a controllable manner. As such, the degradation of the micropillars can be tuned over several days as a function of PCLDMA concentration within the copolymer formulations, and the topography greatly varied over a short space of time, as visualised using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Crosslinked neat HDDA was used as a control material, demonstrating that the presence of the PCL was responsible for the ability of the microstructures to degrade in the controlled manner. In addition, the mass loss of the crosslinked materials was minimal, demonstrating the degradation of microstructured surfaces without loss of bulk properties was possible. Moreover, the compatibility of these crosslinked materials with mammalian cells was explored. The influence of both indirect and direct contact of the materials with A549 cells was assessed by profiling indices reflective of cytotoxicity such as morphology, adhesion, metabolic activity, oxidative balance, and release of injury markers. No significant changes in the aforementioned profile were observed in the cells cultured under these conditions for up to 72 h, with the cell-material interaction suggesting these materials may have potential in microfabrication contexts towards biomedical application purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Geoghegan
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. .,CURAM, Science Foundation Ireland Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mark O'Loughlin
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Colm Delaney
- School of Chemistry and AMBER, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Keith D Rochfort
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy, and Community Health, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Meabh Kennedy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Srikanth Kolagatla
- School of Chemistry and AMBER, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Lucia Podhorska
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Brian J Rodriguez
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Larisa Florea
- School of Chemistry and AMBER, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susan M Kelleher
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. .,CURAM, Science Foundation Ireland Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gomez-Cerezo MN, Perevoshchikova N, Ruan R, Moerman KM, Bindra R, Lloyd DG, Zheng MH, Saxby DJ, Vaquette C. Additively manufactured polyethylene terephthalate scaffolds for scapholunate interosseous ligament reconstruction. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 149:213397. [PMID: 37023566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The regeneration of the ruptured scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) represents a clinical challenge. Here, we propose the use of a Bone-Ligament-Bone (BLB) 3D-printed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) scaffold for achieving mechanical stabilisation of the scaphoid and lunate following SLIL rupture. The BLB scaffold featured two bone compartments bridged by aligned fibres (ligament compartment) mimicking the architecture of the native tissue. The scaffold presented tensile stiffness in the range of 260 ± 38 N/mm and ultimate load of 113 ± 13 N, which would support physiological loading. A finite element analysis (FEA), using inverse finite element analysis (iFEA) for material property identification, showed an adequate fit between simulation and experimental data. The scaffold was then biofunctionalized using two different methods: injected with a Gelatin Methacryloyl solution containing human mesenchymal stem cell spheroids (hMSC) or seeded with tendon-derived stem cells (TDSC) and placed in a bioreactor to undergo cyclic deformation. The first approach demonstrated high cell viability, as cells migrated out of the spheroid and colonised the interstitial space of the scaffold. These cells adopted an elongated morphology suggesting the internal architecture of the scaffold exerted topographical guidance. The second method demonstrated the high resilience of the scaffold to cyclic deformation and the secretion of a fibroblastic related protein was enhanced by the mechanical stimulation. This process promoted the expression of relevant proteins, such as Tenomodulin (TNMD), indicating mechanical stimulation may enhance cell differentiation and be useful prior to surgical implantation. In conclusion, the PET scaffold presented several promising characteristics for the immediate mechanical stabilisation of disassociated scaphoid and lunate and, in the longer-term, the regeneration of the ruptured SLIL.
Collapse
|
11
|
Synthesis of Bio-Based Polyester from Microbial Lipidic Residue Intended for Biomedical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054419. [PMID: 36901850 PMCID: PMC10003017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, selectively tuned bio-based polyesters have been increasingly used for their clinical potential in several biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery. With a biomedical application in mind, a flexible polyester was produced by melt polycondensation using the microbial oil residue collected after the distillation of β-farnesene (FDR) produced industrially by genetically modified yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After characterization, the polyester exhibited elongation up to 150% and presented Tg of -51.2 °C and Tm of 169.8 °C. In vitro degradation revealed a mass loss of about 87% after storage in PBS solution for 11 weeks under accelerated conditions (40 °C, RH = 75%). The water contact angle revealed a hydrophilic character, and biocompatibility with skin cells was demonstrated. 3D and 2D scaffolds were produced by salt-leaching, and a controlled release study at 30 °C was performed with Rhodamine B base (RBB, 3D) and curcumin (CRC, 2D), showing a diffusion-controlled mechanism with about 29.3% of RBB released after 48 h and 50.4% of CRC after 7 h. This polymer offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for the potential use of the controlled release of active principles for wound dressing applications.
Collapse
|
12
|
Daskalakis E, Hassan MH, Omar AM, Acar AA, Fallah A, Cooper G, Weightman A, Blunn G, Koc B, Bartolo P. Accelerated Degradation of Poly-ε-caprolactone Composite Scaffolds for Large Bone Defects. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030670. [PMID: 36771970 PMCID: PMC9921763 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the accelerated hydrolytic degradation process of both anatomically designed bone scaffolds with a pore size gradient and a rectangular shape (biomimetically designed scaffolds or bone bricks). The effect of material composition is investigated considering poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) as the main scaffold material, reinforced with ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bioglass at a concentration of 20 wt%. In the case of rectangular scaffolds, the effect of pore size (200 μm, 300 μm and 500 μm) is also investigated. The degradation process (accelerated degradation) was investigated during a period of 5 days in a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) medium. Degraded bone bricks and rectangular scaffolds were measured each day to evaluate the weight loss of the samples, which were also morphologically, thermally, chemically and mechanically assessed. The results show that the PCL/bioglass bone brick scaffolds exhibited faster degradation kinetics in comparison with the PCL, PCL/HA and PCL/TCP bone bricks. Furthermore, the degradation kinetics of rectangular scaffolds increased by increasing the pore size from 500 μm to 200 μm. The results also indicate that, for the same material composition, bone bricks degrade slower compared with rectangular scaffolds. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the degradation process was faster on the external regions of the bone brick scaffolds (600 μm pore size) compared with the internal regions (200 μm pore size). The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) results show that the ceramic concentration remained constant throughout the degradation process, while differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that all scaffolds exhibited a reduction in crystallinity (Xc), enthalpy (Δm) and melting temperature (Tm) throughout the degradation process, while the glass transition temperature (Tg) slightly increased. Finally, the compression results show that the mechanical properties decreased during the degradation process, with PCL/bioglass bone bricks and rectangular scaffolds presenting higher mechanical properties with the same design in comparison with the other materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Daskalakis
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mohamed H Hassan
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Abdalla M Omar
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Anil A Acar
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Fallah
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Glen Cooper
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Andrew Weightman
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Bahattin Koc
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Paulo Bartolo
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters mediated by zinc complexes coordinated with benzotriazo-based imino-phenoxy ligands. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
14
|
Syed Mohamed SMD, Ansari NF, Md Iqbal N, Anis SNS. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-based responsive polymers. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1962874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nor Faezah Ansari
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
- Research Unit for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (RUBIC), International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Nor Syairah Anis
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang B, Wang Y, Vyas C, Bartolo P. Crystal Growth of 3D Poly(ε-caprolactone) Based Bone Scaffolds and Its Effects on the Physical Properties and Cellular Interactions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2203183. [PMID: 36394087 PMCID: PMC9811450 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion additive manufacturing is widely used to fabricate polymer-based 3D bone scaffolds. However, the insight views of crystal growths, scaffold features and eventually cell-scaffold interactions are still unknown. In this work, melt and solvent extrusion additive manufacturing techniques are used to produce scaffolds considering highly analogous printing conditions. Results show that the scaffolds produced by these two techniques present distinct physiochemical properties, with melt-printed scaffolds showing stronger mechanical properties and solvent-printed scaffolds showing rougher surface, higher degradation rate, and faster stress relaxation. These differences are attributed to the two different crystal growth kinetics, temperature-induced crystallization (TIC) and strain-induced crystallization (SIC), forming large/integrated spherulite-like and a small/fragmented lamella-like crystal regions respectively. The stiffer substrate of melt-printed scaffolds contributes to higher ratio of nuclear Yes-associated protein (YAP) allocation, favoring cell proliferation and differentiation. Faster relaxation and degradation of solvent-printed scaffolds result in dynamic surface, contributing to an early-stage faster osteogenesis differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Huang
- Singapore Centre for 3D PrintingSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
| | - Yaxin Wang
- School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Cian Vyas
- Singapore Centre for 3D PrintingSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
- School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Paulo Bartolo
- Singapore Centre for 3D PrintingSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
- School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dong B, Xu G, Yang R, Wang Q. Chemical Upcycling of Poly(ε-caprolactone) to Valuable Chemical via TBD-Catalyzed Efficient Methanolysis Strategy. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200667. [PMID: 35983673 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As a petroleum-derived polyester material, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) plays an essential role in biomedical field due to its excellent biocompatibility and non-toxicity. With the increasing use of PCL in recent years, its waste disposal has become a significant challenge. To address this challenge, we demonstrate a high-efficiency organocatalysis strategy for the chemical upcycling of PCL to valuable chemical. Among organocatalysts explored in this article, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4,4,0]dec-5-ene (TBD) shows superior performance for transforming end-of-life poly(ε-caprolactone) into highly value-added methyl 6-hydroxyhexanoate with quantitative conversion in a short time. The endwise unzipping depolymerization mechanism is corroborated by monitoring molecular weight during depolymerization process and 1 H NMR control experiments. Furthermore, this approach is also practicable for large-scale depolymerization for commercial PCL plastics, providing idea for promoting the sustainable development of PCL plastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhe Dong
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bio-based materials, CHINA
| | - Guangqiang Xu
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bio-based Materials, CHINA
| | - Rulin Yang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bio-based Materials, CHINA
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bio-based Materials, Songling Road 189., 266101, Qingdao, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Y, Wu J, Oku H, Ma G. Polymer‐Modified Micromotors with Biomedical Applications: Promotion of Functionalization. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Division of Molecular Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering Gunma University Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Hiroyuki Oku
- Division of Molecular Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering Gunma University Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu H, Wei X, Liu Y, Dong H, Tang Z, Wang N, Bao S, Wu Z, Shi L, Zheng X, Li X, Guo Z. Dynamic degradation patterns of porous polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate composites orchestrate macrophage responses and immunoregulatory bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2022; 21:595-611. [PMID: 36685731 PMCID: PMC9832114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate (PT) composites are desirable candidates for bone tissue engineering applications. A higher β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramic content improves the mechanical, hydrophilic and osteogenic properties of PT scaffolds in vitro. Using a dynamic degradation reactor, we established a steady in vitro degradation model to investigate the changes in the physio-chemical and biological properties of PT scaffolds during degradation.PT46 and PT37 scaffolds underwent degradation more rapidly than PT scaffolds with lower TCP contents. In vivo studies revealed the rapid degradation of PT (PT46 and PT37) scaffolds disturbed macrophage responses and lead to bone healing failure. Macrophage co-culture assays and a subcutaneous implantation model indicated that the scaffold degradation process dynamically affected macrophage responses, especially polarization. RNA-Seq analysis indicated phagocytosis of the degradation products of PT37 scaffolds induces oxidative stress and inflammatory M1 polarization in macrophages. Overall, this study reveals that the dynamic patterns of biodegradation of degradable bone scaffolds highly orchestrate immune responses and thus determine the success of bone regeneration. Therefore, through evaluation of the biological effects of biomaterials during the entire process of degradation on immune responses and bone regeneration are necessary in order to develop more promising biomaterials for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China
| | - Xinghui Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China
| | - Yichao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Zhen Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China
| | - Shusen Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 63750 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Xiongfei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China,Corresponding author.
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, PR China,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Grobelny Z, Jurek-Suliga J, Golba S. The influence of hydroxylic compounds on cationic polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone mediated by iron (III) chloride in tetrahydrofuran solution. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
20
|
Ghosal K, Pal S, Ghosh D, Jana K, Sarkar K. In vivo biocompatible shape memory polyester derived from recycled polycarbonate e-waste for biomedical application. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212961. [PMID: 35913244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
From the last few decades, the usage of polycarbonate (PC) has tremendously increased due to its engineering properties such as outstanding mechanical strength, superior toughness, and good optical transparency. Owning to these properties, PC has widespread applications in the field of electronics, construction, data storage, automotive industry and subsequently resulted in an ever-increasing volume of post-consumer PC e-waste, which also increases the environmental pollution with time due to its nonbiodegradability nature. Therefore, recycling of PC has become a significant challenge throughout the globe. Herein, we first time reported synthesis of a family of low-cost biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers using solvent and catalyst free melt polycondensation reaction of recycled PC e-waste derived monomer bis(hydroxyethyl ether) of bisphenol A (BHEEB) along with other renewable resources such as sebacic acid, citric acid and mannitol. The synthesis of the polyester was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, XRD and DSC. The mechanical properties and biodegradation behaviour of the polyester can be fine-tuned by simply varying the monomer feed ratio. In addition to that, the polyester demonstrated excellent shape memory property in ambient temperature along with outstanding recovery properties. In addition to this, the synthesized polyester showed exceptional in vitro and in vivo cytocompatibility as well as cell proliferation rate against mouse fibroblast cells (NIH-3 T3) and biocompatibility, respectively. Therefore, the novel polyesters derived from recycled PC e-waste may be potential resorbable biomaterial for tissue engineering applications in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishanu Ghosal
- Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Shaipayan Pal
- Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Debleena Ghosh
- Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Centenary Campus, Bose Institute, P-1/12 C.I.T. Scheme VII-M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Kishor Sarkar
- Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
3D Plotting of Calcium Phosphate Cement and Melt Electrowriting of Polycaprolactone Microfibers in One Scaffold: A Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Process. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020075. [PMID: 35735931 PMCID: PMC9225379 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of patient-specific scaffolds for bone substitutes is possible through extrusion-based 3D printing of calcium phosphate cements (CPC) which allows the generation of structures with a high degree of customization and interconnected porosity. Given the brittleness of this clinically approved material, the stability of open-porous scaffolds cannot always be secured. Herein, a multi-technological approach allowed the simultaneous combination of CPC printing with melt electrowriting (MEW) of polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibers in an alternating, tunable design in one automated fabrication process. The hybrid CPC+PCL scaffolds with varying CPC strand distance (800-2000 µm) and integrated PCL fibers featured a strong CPC to PCL interface. While no adverse effect on mechanical stiffness was detected by the PCL-supported scaffold design; the microfiber integration led to an improved integrity. The pore distance between CPC strands was gradually increased to identify at which critical CPC porosity the microfibers would have a significant impact on pore bridging behavior and growth of seeded cells. At a CPC strand distance of 1600 µm, after 2 weeks of cultivation, the incorporation of PCL fibers led to pore coverage by a human mesenchymal stem cell line and an elevated proliferation level of murine pre-osteoblasts. The integrated fabrication approach allows versatile design adjustments on different levels.
Collapse
|
22
|
Joo G, Park M, Park S, Tripathi G, Lee BT. Tailored alginate/PCL-gelatin-β-TCP membrane for guided bone regeneration. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35487207 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac6bd8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Membranes prepared for guided bone regeneration (GBR) signify valued resources, inhibiting fibrosis and assisting bone regenration. However, existing membranes lack bone regenerative capacity or adequate degradation profile. An alginate-casted polycaprolactone (PCL)-gelatin-β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) dual membrane was fabricated by electrospinning and casting processes to enhance new bone formation under a guided bone regeneration (GBR) process. Porous membranes were synthesized with suitable hydrophilicity, swelling, and degradation behavior to confirm the compatibility of the product in the body. Furthermore, osteoblast-type cell toxicity and cell adhesion results showed that the electrospun membrane offered compatible environment to cells while the alginate sheet was found capable enough to supress the cellular attachment, but was a non-toxic material. Post-implantation, the in-vivo outcomes of the dual-layered membrane, showed appreciable bone formation. Significantly, osteoid islands had fused in the membrane group by 8 weeks. The infiltration of fibrous tissues was blocked by the alginate membrane, and the ingrowth of new bone was enhanced. Immunocytochemical analysis indicated that the dual membrane could direct more proteins which control mineralization and convene osteoconductive properties of tissue-engineered bone grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongjin Joo
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Myeongki Park
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seongsu Park
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Garima Tripathi
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 2Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 366-1, Ssangyougndong, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31204, Korea (the Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ataie M, Nourmohammadi J, Seyedjafari E. Carboxymethyl carrageenan immobilized on 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffold for the adsorption of calcium phosphate/strontium phosphate adapted to bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:861-874. [PMID: 35314263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) substrates based on natural and synthetic polymers enhance the osteogenic and mechanical properties of the bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Here, a novel bioactive composite scaffolds from polycaprolactone /kappa-carrageenan were developed for bone regeneration applications. 3D PCL scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing method followed by coating with carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan. This organic film was used to create calcium and strontium phosphate layers via a modified alternate soaking process in CaCl 2 /SrCl 2 and Na2HPO4 solutions in which calcium ions were replaced by strontium, with different amounts of strontium in the solutions. Various characterization techniques were executed to analyze the effects of strontium ion on the scaffold properties. The morphological results demonstrated the highly porous with interconnected pores and uniform pore sizes scaffolds. It was indicated that the highest crystallinity and compressive strength were obtained when 100% CaCl2 was replaced by SrCl2 in the solution (P-C-Sr). Incorporation of Sr onto the structure increased the degradation rate of the scaffolds. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) culture on the scaffolds showed that Sr effectively improved attachment and viability of the MSCs and accelerated osteogenic differentiation as revealed by Alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content and Real Time-Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ataie
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jhamak Nourmohammadi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vaquette C, Mitchell J, Ivanovski S. Recent Advances in Vertical Alveolar Bone Augmentation Using Additive Manufacturing Technologies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:798393. [PMID: 35198550 PMCID: PMC8858982 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.798393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertical bone augmentation is aimed at regenerating bone extraskeletally (outside the skeletal envelope) in order to increase bone height. It is generally required in the case of moderate to severe atrophy of bone in the oral cavity due to tooth loss, trauma, or surgical resection. Currently utilized surgical techniques, such as autologous bone blocks, distraction osteogenesis, and Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR), have various limitations, including morbidity, compromised dimensional stability due to suboptimal resorption rates, poor structural integrity, challenging handling properties, and/or high failure rates. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) facilitates the creation of highly porous, interconnected 3-dimensional scaffolds that promote vascularization and subsequent osteogenesis, while providing excellent handling and space maintaining properties. This review describes and critically assesses the recent progress in additive manufacturing technologies for scaffold, membrane or mesh fabrication directed at vertical bone augmentation and Guided Bone Regeneration and their in vivo application.
Collapse
|
25
|
Muralidharan A, McLeod RR, Bryant SJ. Hydrolytically degradable Poly (β-amino ester) resins with tunable degradation for 3D printing by projection micro-stereolithography. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2022; 32:2106509. [PMID: 35813039 PMCID: PMC9268535 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202106509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Applications of 3D printing that range from temporary medical devices to environmentally responsible manufacturing would benefit from printable resins that yield polymers with controllable material properties and degradation behavior. Towards this goal, poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE)-diacrylate resins were investigated due to the wide range of available chemistries and tunable material properties. PBAE-diacrylate resins were synthesized from hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemistries and with varying electron densities on the ester bond to provide control over degradation. Hydrophilic PBAE-diacrylates led to degradation behaviors characteristic of bulk degradation while hydrophobic PBAE-diacrylates led to degradation behaviors dominated initially by surface degradation and then transitioned to bulk degradation. Depending on chemistry, the crosslinked PBAE-polymers exhibited a range of degradation times under accelerated conditions, from complete mass loss in 90 min to minimal mass loss at 45 days. Patterned features with 55 μm resolution were achieved across all resins, but their fidelity was dependent on PBAE-diacrylate molecular weight, reactivity, and printing parameters. In summary, simple chemical modifications in the PBAE-diacrylate resins coupled with projection microstereolithography enables high resolution 3D printed parts with similar architectures and initial properties, but widely different degradation rates and behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Archish Muralidharan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Robert R. McLeod
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen J, Wu X, Zhang L, Duan Z, Liu B. Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone Mediated by Di-Zinc Complex Bearing Macrocyclic Thioether-phenolate [OSSO]-type Ligand. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unique example of zinc bromide complexes bearing macrocyclic [OSSO]-type thioetherphenolate ligand (Di-[OSSO]ZnBr) has been successfully explored toward ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of -caprolactone (ε-CL) in the presence of epoxides and...
Collapse
|
27
|
Cohen J, Bektas CK, Mullaghy A, Perera MM, Gormley AJ, Kohn J. Tyrosol-Derived Biodegradable Inks with Tunable Properties for 3D Printing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4454-4462. [PMID: 34396772 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a valuable tool in medicine over the past few decades. With a growing number of applications using this advanced processing technique, new polymer libraries with varied properties are required. Herein, we investigate tyrosol-based poly(ester-arylate)s as biodegradable inks in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Tyrosol-based polycarbonates and polyesters have proven to be useful biomaterials due to their excellent tunability, nonacidic degradation components, and the ability to be functionalized. Polymers are synthesized by polycondensation between a custom diphenol and commercially available diacids. Thermal properties, degradation rates, and mechanical properties are all tunable based on the diphenol and diacid chosen. Evaluation of material print as it relates to chemical structure, molecular weight, and thermal properties was explored. Higher-molecular-weight polymers greater than 50 kDa exhibit thermal degradation during printing and at some points are too viscous to print. It was determined that polymers with lower processing temperatures and molecular weights were printable regardless of the structure. An exception to this was pHTy6 that was printed at 65 kDa with minimal degradation. This is most likely due to its low melting temperature and, as a result, lower printing temperatures. Additionally, chemical improvements were made to incorporate thiol-alkene click chemistry as a means for postprint curing. Low-molecular-weight pHTy6 was end-capped with alkene functionality. This material was then formulated with either a dithiol for chain extension or tetrathiol for cross-linking. Scaffolds were cured after printing for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min intervals where longer cure times resulted in a tougher material. This design builds on the library of biologically active materials previously explored and aims to bring new biomaterials to the field of 3D-printed personal medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Cemile Kilic Bektas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Andrew Mullaghy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - M Mario Perera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Adam J Gormley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Invitro and Invivo Study of PCL-Hydrogel Scaffold to Advance Bioprinting Translation in Microtia Reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:1931-1936. [PMID: 33177423 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioprinting has shown promise in the area of microtia reconstruction. However clinical translation has been challenged by the lack of robust techniques to control delivery of stem cells. Hybrid printing allowing multiple materials, both cell and support, to be printed together may overcome these challenges. OBJECTIVE This study assesses the degradation behavior and tissue compatibility of hybrid scaffolds (PCL-Hydrogel) compared to single material Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds in-vitro and in-vivo. Sheep demonstrate similar fascial anatomy to humans. This is the first reported study using a sheep model to study hybrid scaffolds for microtia. METHODS PCL and PCL-Hydrogel samples of increasing porosity were subjected to an accelerated enzymatic degradation assay to study degradation behavior in-vitro. In addition, a 6-month study using Merino-Dorset sheep was conducted to compare the biological reaction of the host to PCL and PCL-hydrogel scaffolds. RESULTS In-vitro degradation showed homogenous degradation of the scaffold. PCL presented the dominating influence on degradation volume compared to hydrogel. In-vivo, there was no evidence of skin irritation or infection over 6 months in both control and test, though PCL-hydrogel scaffolds showed higher levels of tissue ingrowth. CONCLUSION Homogenous degradation pattern of porous scaffolds may create less surrounding tissue irritation. Hybrid scaffolds had good biological compatibility and showed better tissue ingrowth than PCL alone.
Collapse
|
30
|
Littlefield CP, Wang C, Leucht P, Egol KA. The Basic Science Behind the Clinical Success of the Induced Membrane Technique for Critical-Sized Bone Defects. JBJS Rev 2021; 9:01874474-202106000-00010. [PMID: 34125719 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.20.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
» The induced membrane technique (IMT) takes advantage of an osteoinductive environment that is created by the placement of a cement spacer into a bone defect. » Most commonly, a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spacer has been used, but spacers made from other materials have emerged and achieved good clinical outcomes. » The IMT has demonstrated good results for long-bone repair; however, more research is required in order to optimize union rates as well as delineate more precise indications and surgical timing.
Collapse
|
31
|
Revathi S, Raja P, Saha S, Eisen MS, Ghatak T. Recent developments in highly basic N-heterocyclic iminato ligands in actinide chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5483-5502. [PMID: 34008633 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00933h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, major conceptual advances in the chemistry of actinide molecules and materials have been made to demonstrate their distinct reactivity profiles as compared to lanthanide and transition metal compounds, but some difficult questions remain concerning the intriguing stability of low-valent actinide complexes, and the importance of the 5f-orbitals in reactivity and bonding. The imidazolin-2-iminato moiety has been extensively used in ligands for the advancement of actinide chemistry owing to its unique capability of stabilizing the reactive and highly electrophilic metal ions by virtue of its strong electron donation and steric tunability. The current review article describes recent developments in the chemistry of light actinide metal ions (thorium and uranium) bearing these N-heterocyclic iminato moieties as supporting ligands. In addition, the effect of ring expansion of the N-heterocycle on the catalytic aptitude of the organoactinides is also described herein. The synthesis and reactivity of actinide complexes bearing N-heterocyclic iminato ligands are presented, and promising apposite applications are also presented. The current review focuses on addressing the catalytic behavior of actinide complexes with oxygen-containing substrates such as in the Tishchenko reaction, hydroelementation processes, and polymerization reactions. Actinide complexes have also found new catalytic applications, as demonstrated by the potent chemoselective carbonyl hydroboration and tandem proton-transfer esterification (TPTE) reaction, featuring coupling between an aldehyde and alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Revathi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Evaluation of Auricular Cartilage Reconstruction Using a 3-Dimensional Printed Biodegradable Scaffold and Autogenous Minced Auricular Cartilage. Ann Plast Surg 2021; 85:185-193. [PMID: 32118635 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000002313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Auricular cartilage reconstruction represents one of the greatest challenges for otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. The native structure and composition of the auricular cartilage can be achieved by combining a suitable chondrogenic cell source with an appropriate scaffold. In reconstructive surgery for cartilage tissue, autogenous cartilage is considered to be the best chondrogenic cell source. Polycaprolactone is mainly used as a tissue-engineered scaffold owing to its mechanical properties, miscibility with a large range of other polymers, and biodegradability. In this study, scaffolds with or without autogenous minced auricular cartilage were implanted bilaterally in rabbits for auricular regeneration. Six weeks (n = 4) and 16 weeks (n = 4) after implantation, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and histology were used to assess the regeneration of the auricular cartilage. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the messenger RNA expression of aggrecan, collagen I, and collagen II was higher in scaffolds with 50% minced cartilage than the scaffold-only groups or scaffolds with 30% minced cartilage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, histological analysis demonstrated significantly superior cartilage regeneration in scaffolds with the minced cartilage group compared with the scaffold-only and control groups (P < 0.05). Autogenous cartilage can be easily obtained and loaded onto a scaffold to promote the presence of chondrogenic cells, allowing for an improvement of the reconstruction of auricular cartilage. Here, the regeneration of auricular cartilage was also successful in the 50% minced cartilage group. The results presented in this study could have clinical implications, as they demonstrate the potential of a 1-stage process for auricular reconstruction.
Collapse
|
33
|
Bayart M, Charlon S, Soulestin J. Fused filament fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering; how realistic is shape-memory? A review. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
34
|
Vaquette C, Mitchell J, Fernandez-Medina T, Kumar S, Ivanovski S. Resorbable additively manufactured scaffold imparts dimensional stability to extraskeletally regenerated bone. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120671. [PMID: 33493771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dimensionally stable vertical bone regeneration outside of the existing bony envelope is a major challenge in the field of orofacial surgery. In this study, we demonstrate that a highly porous, resorbable scaffold fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques enables reproducible extra-skeletal bone formation and prevents bone resorption. An additively manufactured medical grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) biphasic scaffold mimicking the architecture of the jaw bone, consisting of a 3D-printed outer shell overlying an inner highly porous melt electrowritten scaffold, was assessed for its ability to support dimensionally stable bone regeneration in an extraskeletal ovine calvarial model. To investigate bone formation capacity (stage 1), 7 different constructs placed under a protective dome were assessed 8 weeks post-implantation: Empty control, Biphasic scaffold with hydrogel (PCL-Gel), PCL-Gel with 75 or 150 μg of BMP-2 (PCL-BMP-75 and PCL-BMP-150), hydrogel only (Gel), Gel containing 75 or 150 μg of BMP-2 (Gel-BMP-75 and Gel-BMP-150). To assess dimensional stability (stage 2), in a separate cohort, 5 animals were similarly implanted with 2 samples of each of the Gel-BMP-150 and PCL-BMP-150 groups, and after 8 weeks of healing, the protective domes were removed and titanium implants were placed in the regenerated bone and allowed to heal for a further 8 weeks. Bone formation and osseointegration were assessed using micro-computed tomography, histology and histomorphometry. In stage 1, enhanced bone formation was found in the BMP-2 containing groups, especially the PCL-BMP constructs whereby regeneration of full bone height was achieved in a reproducible manner. There was no significant bone volume increase with the higher dose of BMP-2. In the dimensional stability assessment (stage 2), after the rtemoval of the protective dome, the biphasic scaffold prevented bone resorption whereas in the absence of the scaffold, the bone previously formed in the hydrogel underwent extensive resorption. This was attributed to the space maintenance properties and dimensional stability of the biphasic scaffold. Titanium implants osseointegrated into the newly formed bone within the biphasic scaffolds. In conclusion, additively manufactured biphasic scaffolds functionalized with BMP-2 facilitated dimensionally stable bone regeneration that supported dental implant osseointegration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Vaquette
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - J Mitchell
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - T Fernandez-Medina
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| | - S Kumar
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - S Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Naik C, Srinath N, Ranganath MK, Umashankar DN, Gupta H. Evaluation of polycaprolactone scaffold for guided bone regeneration in maxillary and mandibular defects: A clinical study. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2020; 11:207-212. [PMID: 33897182 PMCID: PMC8051649 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_35_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was carried out to assess bone regeneration following the use of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold in maxillary and mandibular osseous defects. Materials and Methods This prospective study included ten patients with maxillary or mandibular osseous defects present due to enucleation of periapical cysts or alveolar clefts requiring bone grafting and for lateral ridge augmentation that were treated with PCL scaffold. The patients were assessed clinically for pain, swelling, infection, and graft exposure at 1 week, 3rd, and 5th month postoperatively and were also evaluated radiographically for bone fill using intraoral periapical and/or panoramic radiographs at 4th, 6th, and 9th month postoperatively. Results PCL scaffold was used in a total of six alveolar clefts and three cases of periapical cysts and one case of lateral ridge augmentation. Nine out of ten cases demonstrated wound dehiscence and scaffold exposure in the oral cavity. Radiographically, on comparison to the control regions, all these nine cases failed to demonstrate appreciable bone density gain. Only one case of radicular cyst in the mandible was recorded to have satisfactory healing. Conclusion Although PCL scaffold has the potential for bone regeneration in osseous defects, the scaffold exhibited marked tendency for dehiscence in intraoral defects that significantly affected bone healing. A long-term study designed with a larger sample size and categorization of the defects is required to assess its efficacy in varied defects. Moreover, comparative evaluation of PCL and autogenous or alloplastic bone grafting material could provide assenting results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charudatta Naik
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - N Srinath
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Ranganath
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - D N Umashankar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Himani Gupta
- Department of Periodontics, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dias D, Vale AC, Cunha EPF, C Paiva M, Reis RL, Vaquette C, Alves NM. 3D-printed cryomilled poly(ε-caprolactone)/graphene composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:961-972. [PMID: 33241654 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, composite scaffolds based on poly(caprolactone) (PCL) and non-covalently functionalized few-layer graphene (FLG) were manufactured by an extrusion-based system for the first time. For that, functionalized FLG powder was obtained through the evaporation of a functionalized FLG aqueous suspension prepared from a graphite precursor. Cryomilling was shown to be an efficient mixing method, producing a homogeneous dispersion of FLG particles onto the PCL polymeric matrix. Thereafter, fused deposition modeling (FDM) was used to print 3D scaffolds and their morphology, thermal, biodegradability, mechanical, and cytotoxicity properties were analysed. The presence of functionalized FLG demonstrated to induce slight changes in the microstructure of the scaffold, did not affect the thermal stability and enhanced significantly the compressive modulus. The composite scaffolds presented a porosity of around 40% and a mean pore size in the range of 300 μm. The cell viability and proliferation of SaOs-2 cells were assessed and the results showed good cell viability and long-term proliferation onto produced composite scaffolds. Therefore, these new FLG/PCL scaffolds comprised adequate morphological, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties to be used in bone tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Dias
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana C Vale
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eunice P F Cunha
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maria C Paiva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Cedryck Vaquette
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Natália M Alves
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Long-term hydrolytic degradation study of polycaprolactone films and fibers grafted with poly(sodium styrene sulfonate): Mechanism study and cell response. Biointerphases 2020; 15:061006. [PMID: 33203213 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a widely used biodegradable polyester for tissue engineering applications when long-term degradation is preferred. In this article, we focused on the analysis of the hydrolytic degradation of virgin and bioactive poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (pNaSS) functionalized PCL surfaces under simulated physiological conditions (phosphate buffer saline at 25 and 37 °C) for up to 120 weeks with the aim of applying bioactive PCL for ligament tissue engineering. Techniques used to characterize the bulk and surface degradation indicated that PCL was hydrolyzed by a bulk degradation mode with an accelerated degradation-three times increased rate constant-for pNaSS grafted PCL at 37 °C when compared to virgin PCL at 25 °C. The observed degradation mechanism is due to the pNaSS grafting process (oxidation and radical polymerization), which accelerated the degradation until 48 weeks, when a steady state is reached. The PCL surface was altered by pNaSS grafting, introducing hydrophilic sulfonate groups that increase the swelling and smoothing of the surface, which facilitated the degradation. After 48 weeks, pNaSS was largely removed from the surface, and the degradation of virgin and pNaSS grafted surfaces was similar. The cell response of primary fibroblast cells from sheep ligament was consistent with the surface analysis results: a better initial spreading of cells on pNaSS surfaces when compared to virgin surfaces and a tendency to become similar with degradation time. It is worthy to note that during the extended degradation process the surfaces were able to continue inducing better cell spreading and preserve their cell phenotype as shown by collagen gene expressions.
Collapse
|
38
|
Balcucho J, Narváez DM, Castro-Mayorga JL. Antimicrobial and Biocompatible Polycaprolactone and Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Wound Dressings against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091692. [PMID: 32872095 PMCID: PMC7560150 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
One of the major health problems linked to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is severe diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), which are associated with hospital-acquired infections, lower limb amputations and emerging resistance to the current antibiotics. As an alternative, this work aims to develop a biodegradable and biocompatible material with antimicrobial capacity to prevent DFU. This was achieved by producing active polymeric films with metallic nanoparticles dispersed through a polycaprolactone (PCL) dressing. First, the antimicrobial activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) was tested by the microdilution method, selecting the lowest concentration that has an inhibitory effect on MRSA. Then, active PCL films were prepared and characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties, antimicrobial performance, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and hemocompatibility. Active films had chemical and thermal properties like the ones without the antimicrobial agents, which was confirmed through FTIR, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis. In relation to antimicrobial activity, active PCL films inhibited MRSA growth when treated with CuONPs at a concentration of 0.07% (w/w). After exposure to the active film extracts, human foreskin fibroblast cells (ATCC® SCRC1041™) (HFF-1) exhibited a cell viability average above 80% for all treatments and no DNA damage was found. Finally, PCL films with 0.07% (w/w) CuONPs proved to be hemocompatible, and none of the films evaluated had red blood cell breakage greater than 5%, being within the acceptable limits established by the International Organization for Standardization ISO 10993-4:2002.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Balcucho
- Nanotechnology and Applied Microbiology Research Group (NANOBIOT), Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Diana M. Narváez
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Jinneth Lorena Castro-Mayorga
- Nanotechnology and Applied Microbiology Research Group (NANOBIOT), Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Influence of Controlled Cooling on Crystallinity of Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Scaffolds after Hydrolytic Degradation. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13132943. [PMID: 32630123 PMCID: PMC7372402 DOI: 10.3390/ma13132943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of hybrid manufacturing to produce bimodal scaffolds has represented a great advancement in tissue engineering. These scaffolds provide a favorable environment in which cells can adhere and produce new tissue. However, there are several areas of opportunity to manufacture structures that provide enough strength and rigidity, while also improving chemical integrity. As an advancement in the manufacturing process of scaffolds, a cooling system was introduced in a fused deposition modeling (FDM) machine to vary the temperature on the printing bed. Two groups of polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds were then printed at two different bed temperatures. The rate of degradation was evaluated during eight weeks in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) in a controlled environment (37 °C-120 rpm) to assess crystallinity. Results showed the influence of the cooling system on the degradation rate of printed scaffolds after the immersion period. This phenomenon was attributable to the mechanism associated with alkaline hydrolysis, where a higher degree of crystallinity obtained in one group induced greater rates of mass loss. The overall crystallinity was observed, through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, to increase with time because of the erosion of some amorphous parts after immersion.
Collapse
|
40
|
Shanjani Y, Siebert SM, Ker DFE, Mercado-Pagán AE, Yang YP. Acoustic Patterning of Growth Factor for Three-Dimensional Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:602-612. [PMID: 31950880 PMCID: PMC7310194 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal and spatial presentations of biological cues are critical for tissue engineering. There is a great need in improving the incorporation of bioagent(s) (specifically growth factor(s) [GF(s)]) onto three-dimensional scaffolds. In this study, we developed a process to combine additive manufacturing (AM) technology with acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) technology to control GF distribution. More specifically, we implemented ADE to control the distribution of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) onto polycaprolactone (PCL)-based tissue engineering constructs (TECs). Three substrates were used in this study: (1) succinimide-terminated PCL (PCL-N-hydroxysuccinimide [NHS]) as model material, (2) alkali-treated PCL (PCL-NaOH) as first control material, and (3) fibrin-coated PCL (PCL-Fibrin) as second control material. It was shown that our process enables a pattern of BMP-2 spots of ∼250 μm in diameter with ∼700 μm center-to-center spacing. An initial concentration of BMP-2 higher than 300 μg/L was required to retain a detectable amount of GF on the substrate after a wash with phosphate-buffered solution. However, to obtain detectable osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells, the initial concentration of BMP-2 higher than 750 μg/L was needed. The cells on PCL-NHS samples showed spatial alkaline phosphatase staining correlating with local patterns of BMP-2, although the intensity was lower than the controls (PCL-NaOH and PCL-Fibrin). Our results have demonstrated that the developed AM-ADE process holds great promise in creating TECs with highly controlled GF patterning. Impact statement The combined process of additive manufacturing with acoustic droplet ejection to control growth factor (GF) distribution across three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds that is presented in this study enables creating 3D tissue engineering constructs with highly controlled GF patterning. Such constructs enable temporal and spatial presentations of biological cues for enhancing cell migration and differentiation and eventually the formation of targeted tissues in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Shanjani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sean Michael Siebert
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Dai Fei Elmer Ker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Angel E. Mercado-Pagán
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nguyen TN, Rangel A, Migonney V. Kinetic and degradation reactions of poly (sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) grafting “from” ozonized poly (ϵ-caprolactone) surfaces. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
42
|
The Influence of Electron Beam Sterilization on In Vivo Degradation of β-TCP/PCL of Different Composite Ratios for Bone Tissue Engineering. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11030273. [PMID: 32155781 PMCID: PMC7142760 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of electron beam (E-beam) sterilization (25 kGy, ISO 11137) on the degradation of β-tricalcium phosphate/polycaprolactone (β-TCP/PCL) composite filaments of various ratios (0:100, 20:80, 40:60, and 60:40 TCP:PCL by mass) in a rat subcutaneous model for 24 weeks. Volumes of the samples before implantation and after explantation were measured using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The filament volume changes before sacrifice were also measured using a live micro-CT. In our micro-CT analyses, there was no significant difference in volume change between the E-beam treated groups and non-E-beam treated groups of the same β-TCP to PCL ratios, except for the 0% β-TCP group. However, the average volume reduction differences between the E-beam and non-E-beam groups in the same-ratio samples were 0.76% (0% TCP), 3.30% (20% TCP), 4.65% (40% TCP), and 3.67% (60% TCP). The E-beam samples generally had more volume reduction in all experimental groups. Therefore, E-beam treatment may accelerate degradation. In our live micro-CT analyses, most volume reduction arose in the first four weeks after implantation and slowed between 4 and 20 weeks in all groups. E-beam groups showed greater volume reduction at every time point, which is consistent with the results by micro-CT analysis. Histology results suggest the biocompatibility of TCP/PCL composite filaments.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Molino BZ, Pitkänen S, Ojansivu M, Xu C, Hannula M, Hyttinen J, Miettinen S, Hupa L, Wallace G. 3D Scaffolds of Polycaprolactone/Copper-Doped Bioactive Glass: Architecture Engineering with Additive Manufacturing and Cellular Assessments in a Coculture of Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Endothelial Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4496-4510. [PMID: 33438415 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The local delivery of Cu2+ from copper-doped bioactive glass (Cu-BaG) was combined with 3D printing of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds for its potent angiogenic effect in bone tissue engineering. PCL and Cu-BaG were, respectively, dissolved and dispersed in acetone to formulate a moderately homogeneous ink. The PCL/Cu-BaG scaffolds were fabricated via direct ink writing into a cold ethanol bath. The architecture of the printed scaffolds, including strut diameter, strut spacing, and porosity, were investigated and characterized. The PCL/Cu-BaG scaffolds showed a Cu-BaG content-dependent mechanical property, as the compressive Young's modulus ranged from 7 to 13 MPa at an apparent porosity of 60%. The ion dissolution behavior in simulated body fluid was evaluated, and the hydroxyapatite-like precipitation on the strut surface was confirmed. Furthermore, the cytocompatibility of the PCL/Cu-BaG scaffolds was assessed in human bone marrow stem cell (hBMSC) culture, and a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Cu2+ was observed. Here, the PCL/BaG scaffold induced the higher expression of late osteogenic genes OSTEOCALCIN and DLX5 in comparison to the PCL scaffold. The doping of Cu2+ in BaG elicited higher expression of the early osteogenic marker gene RUNX2a but decreased the expression of late osteogenic marker genes OSTEOCALCIN and DLX5 in comparison to the PCL/BaG scaffold, demonstrating the suppressing effect of Cu2+ on osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. In a coculture of hBMSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, both the PCL/BaG and PCL/Cu-BaG scaffolds stimulated the formation of a denser tubule network, compared to the PCL scaffold. Meanwhile, only slightly higher gene expression of vWF was observed with the PCL/Cu-BaG scaffold than with the PCL/BaG scaffold, indicating the potent angiogenic effect of the released Cu2+.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Wang
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Binbin Zhang Molino
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Sanna Pitkänen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, P.O. BOX 100, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Arvo Ylpön katu 6, P.O. BOX 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Miina Ojansivu
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, P.O. BOX 100, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Arvo Ylpön katu 6, P.O. BOX 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Hannula
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, P.O. BOX 100, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland.,Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Arvo Ylpön katu 6, P.O. BOX 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Melnik EV, Shkarina SN, Ivlev SI, Weinhardt V, Baumbach T, Chaikina MV, Surmeneva MA, Surmenev RA. In vitro degradation behaviour of hybrid electrospun scaffolds of polycaprolactone and strontium-containing hydroxyapatite microparticles. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
45
|
|
46
|
Lyubov DM, Tolpygin AO, Trifonov AA. Rare-earth metal complexes as catalysts for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
47
|
Bas O, Hanßke F, Lim J, Ravichandran A, Kemnitz E, Teoh SH, Hutmacher DW, Börner HG. Tuning mechanical reinforcement and bioactivity of 3D printed ternary nanocomposites by interfacial peptide-polymer conjugates. Biofabrication 2019; 11:035028. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aafec8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
48
|
Bertlein S, Hochleitner G, Schmitz M, Tessmar J, Raghunath M, Dalton PD, Groll J. Permanent Hydrophilization and Generic Bioactivation of Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801544. [PMID: 30892836 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an emerging additive manufacturing technology that direct-writes low-micron diameter fibers into 3D scaffolds with high porosities. Often, the polymers currently used for MEW are hydrophobic thermoplastics that induce unspecific protein adsorption and subsequent uncontrolled cell adhesion. Here are developed a coating strategy for MEW scaffolds based on six-arm star-shaped NCO-poly(ethylene oxide-stat-propylene oxide) (sP(EO-stat-PO)). This permanently hydrophilizes the PCL through the formation of a hydrogel coating and minimizes unspecific interactions with proteins and cells. It also provides the option of simultaneous covalent attachment of bioactive molecules through reaction with isocyanates before these are hydrolyzed. Furthermore, a photoactivatable chemical functionalization is introduced that is not dependent on the time-limited window of isocyanate chemistry. For this, photo-leucine is covalently immobilized into the sP(EO-stat-PO) layer, resulting in a photoactivatable scaffold that enables the binding of sterically demanding molecules at any timepoint after scaffold preparation and coating and is decoupled from the isocyanate chemistry. A successful biofunctionalization of MEW scaffolds via this strategy is demonstrated with streptavidin and collagen as examples. This hydrogel coating system is a generic one that introduces flexible specific and multiple surface functionalization, potentially for a spectrum of polymers made from different manufacturing processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bertlein
- Department of Functional Materials for Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversity of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Gernot Hochleitner
- Department of Functional Materials for Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversity of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Michael Schmitz
- Department of Functional Materials for Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversity of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jörg Tessmar
- Department of Functional Materials for Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversity of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology (ICBT)Centre for Cell Biology and Tissue EngineeringZurich University of Applied Sciences Wädenswil CH‐8820 Switzerland
| | - Paul D. Dalton
- Department of Functional Materials for Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversity of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials for Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversity of Würzburg Pleicherwall 2 97070 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Brückner T, Fuchs A, Wistlich L, Hoess A, Nies B, Gbureck U. Prefabricated and Self-Setting Cement Laminates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E834. [PMID: 30871007 PMCID: PMC6427253 DOI: 10.3390/ma12050834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber mats with defined pore architecture were shown to provide sufficient support for a premixed calcium phosphate cement (CPC) paste to serve as a flat and flexible composite material for the potential application in 2-dimensional, curved cranial defects. Fiber mats were fabricated by either melt electrospinning writing (MEW) or solution electrospinning (SES) with a patterned collector. While MEW processed fiber mats led to a deterioration of the cement bending strength by approximately 50%, due to a low fiber volume content in conjunction with a weak fiber-matrix interface, fiber mats obtained by solution electrospinning resulted in a mechanical reinforcement of the cement matrix in terms of both bending strength and absorbed fracture energy. This was attributed to a higher fiber volume content and a large contact area between nanosized fibers and cement matrix. Hydrophilization of the PCL scaffolds prior to lamination further improved composite strength and preserved the comparably higher fracture energy of 1.5 to 2.0 mJ/mm². The laminate composite approach from this study was successful in demonstrating the limitations and design options of such novel composite materials. However, fiber-cement compatibility remains an issue to be addressed, since a high degree of hydrophilicity does not necessarily provoke a stronger interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Brückner
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Fuchs
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Laura Wistlich
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Hoess
- INNOTERE GmbH, Meissner Strasse 191, 01445 Radebeul, Germany.
| | - Berthold Nies
- INNOTERE GmbH, Meissner Strasse 191, 01445 Radebeul, Germany.
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Efficient Fabrication of Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Printing Hybrid Tissue-Engineered Constructs. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12040613. [PMID: 30781670 PMCID: PMC6416605 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid constructs represent substantial progress in tissue engineering (TE) towards producing implants of a clinically relevant size that recapitulate the structure and multicellular complexity of the native tissue. They are created by interlacing printed scaffolds, sacrificial materials, and cell-laden hydrogels. A suitable biomaterial is a polycaprolactone (PCL); however, due to the higher viscosity of this biopolymer, three-dimensional (3D) printing of PCL is slow, so reducing PCL print times remains a challenge. We investigated parameters, such as nozzle shape and size, carriage speed, and print temperature, to find a tradeoff that speeds up the creation of hybrid constructs of controlled porosity. We performed experiments with conical, cylindrical, and cylindrical shortened nozzles and numerical simulations to infer a more comprehensive understanding of PCL flow rate. We found that conical nozzles are advised as they exhibited the highest shear rate, which increased the flow rate. When working at a low carriage speed, conical nozzles of a small diameter tended to form-flatten filaments and became highly inefficient. However, raising the carriage speed revealed shortcomings because passing specific values created filaments with a heterogeneous diameter. Small nozzles produced scaffolds with thin strands but at long building times. Using large nozzles and a high carriage speed is recommended. Overall, we demonstrated that hybrid constructs with a clinically relevant size could be much more feasible to print when reaching a tradeoff between temperature, nozzle diameter, and speed.
Collapse
|