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Lignin-Based Phenolic Foam Reinforced by Poplar Fiber and Isocyanate-Terminated Polyurethane Prepolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071068. [PMID: 33800645 PMCID: PMC8036971 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic foams (PFs) are lightweight (<200 kg/m3), high-quality, and inexpensive thermal insulation materials whose heat and fire resistance are much better than those of foam plastics such as polyurethane and polystyrene. They are especially suitable for use as insulation in chemical, petroleum, construction, and other fields that are prone to fires. However, PFs have poor mechanical properties, poor abrasion resistance, and easy pulverization. In this paper, a polyurethane prepolymer was treated with an isocyanate, and then the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and poplar powder were used to prepare modified lignin-based phenolic foams (PUPFs), which improved the abrasion resistance and decreased the pulverization of the foam. The foam composites were comprehensively evaluated by characterizing their chemical structures, surface morphologies, mechanical properties, thermal conductivities, and flame-retardant properties. The pulverization ratio was reduced by 43.5%, and the thermal insulation performance and flame-retardancy (LOI) were improved. Compared with other methods to obtain lignin-based phenolic foam composites with anti-pulverization and flame-retardant properties, the hybrid reinforcement of foam composites with an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and poplar powder offers a novel strategy for an environmentally friendly alternative to the use of woody fibers.
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2
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Wang H, Wang S, Du X, Du Z, Wang H, Cheng X. A novel
DOPO
‐containing
HTBN
endowing waterborne polyurethane with excellent flame retardance and mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xiaosheng Du
- College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zongliang Du
- College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of EducationSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Haibo Wang
- College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of EducationSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xu Cheng
- College of Biomass Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of EducationSichuan University Chengdu China
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3
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Xu W, Chen R, Du Y, Wang G. Design water-soluble phenolic/zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 flame retardant coating via layer-by-layer assembly technology: Enhanced flame retardancy and smoke suppression of flexible polyurethane foam. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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4
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Xu W, Chen R, Xu J, Wang G, Cheng C, Yan H. Preparation and mechanism of polyurethane prepolymer and boric acid co‐modified phenolic foam composite: Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardant properties. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- Miami CollegeHenan University Jinming Avenue Kaifeng Henan People's Republic of China
| | - Guisong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanming Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Yan
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringAnhui Jianzhu University 292 Ziyun Road Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
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Tang Q, Fang L, Guo W. Effects of Bamboo Fiber Length and Loading on Mechanical, Thermal and Pulverization Properties of Phenolic Foam Composites. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2019. [DOI: 10.21967/jbb.v4i1.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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6
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Phenolic foams: A review of mechanical properties, fire resistance and new trends in phenol substitution. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Ge T, Tang K, Yu Y, Tan X. Preparation and Properties of the 3-pentadecyl-phenol In Situ Modified Foamable Phenolic Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1124. [PMID: 30961049 PMCID: PMC6403807 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this present study, 3-pentadecyl-phenol was selected as a modifier to prepare a foamable phenolic resin with excellent performance, which was successfully prepared by in situ modification. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR, 13C NMR) were used to test and characterize the molecular structure of the modified resin. The results showed that 3-pentadecyl-phenol successfully modified the molecular structure of phenolic resin with a reduction in the resin gel time. The effect of changing the added amount of 3-pentadecyl-phenol on the mechanical properties, microstructure, and flame retardancy of the modified foam was investigated. The results showed that when the amount of added 3-pentadecyl-phenol was 15% of the total amount of phenol, this resulted in the best toughness of the modified foam, which could be increased to 300% compared to the bending deflection of the unmodified phenolic foam. The cell structure showed that the modified phenolic foam formed a more regular and dense network structure and the closed cell ratio was high. Furthermore, the compressive strength, bending strength, and limited oxygen index were improved, while the water absorption rate was lowered. However, the foam density could be kept below 40 mg/cm³, which does not affect the load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Ge
- Plastic Engineering Research Center of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
- Liaoning Polymer Materials Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shenyang 110142, China.
- Shenyang Huada and Kangping Plastic Woven Research Institute, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Kaihong Tang
- Plastic Engineering Research Center of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
- Liaoning Polymer Materials Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Plastic Engineering Research Center of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
- Liaoning Polymer Materials Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Xiapeng Tan
- Plastic Engineering Research Center of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
- Liaoning Polymer Materials Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shenyang 110142, China.
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8
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Liu L, Wang Z. Facile synthesis of a novel magnesium amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate)-reduced graphene oxide hybrid and its high performance in mechanical strength, thermal stability, smoke suppression and flame retardancy in phenolic foam. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 357:89-99. [PMID: 29864692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a one-step synthesis of a magnesium amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate) (Mg-AMP)-reduced graphene oxide (Mg-rGO) hybrid involving graphene oxide (GO) reduction and growth in situ of Mg-AMP nanoparticles in the absence of a reducing agent. Mg-rGO was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies, transmission electronic microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Mg-rGO was then used to prepare flame-retardant and toughened phenolic (PF) foam. This additive was found to enhance the compressive and flexural strengths of PF foam as well as to reduce its high friability and brittleness. The limiting oxygen index of the foam with 4 phr Mg-rGO (sample PF/4Mg-rGO) increased to 41.5%, compared with the 38% of untreated foam; the peak heat release rate and total heat release of sample PF/4Mg-rGO were decreased by 28.7 and 18.4%, respectively. Also, the total smoke release and peak CO production rate of PF/4Mg-rGO were reduced by 52.5 and 38.1%, respectively. TGA results indicated that Mg-rGO clearly improved the thermal stability of PF foam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, PR China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201804, PR China.
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9
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Wang Z, Li X. Synthesis of CoAl-layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide nanohybrid and its reinforcing effect in phenolic foams. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008317716976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A graphene oxide (GO) immobilized with layered double hydroxide (CoAl-LDH/GO) nanohybrid was prepared via a hydrothermal method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, field emission scan electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA results show that the immobilization of CoAl-LDH nanoparticles on GO surface greatly promotes the thermal stability of GO. More importantly, the incorporation of the CoAl-LDH/GO nanohybrid into PF foams leads to not only a great improvement in their mechanical strengths but also a reduction in their brittleness and friability. Specifically, compared to neat phenolic (PF) foam, at only 0.9 phr (parts per hundred of resin by mass) of CoAl-LDH/GO, the compressive and flexural strengths of the modified PF foam increase by 54.8% and 35.2%, respectively, and pulverization ratio decreases by 55.2%. The addition of the CoAl-LDH/GO nanohybrid also results in an increase in the limiting oxygen index and a decrease in the peak heat release of the modified PF foam in cone calorimeter test. Moreover, the thermal stability of the PF foam is enhanced by the addition of the nanohybrid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhou Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Li Q, Chen L, Li X, Zhang J, Zheng K, Zhang X, Tian X. Effect of nano-titanium nitride on thermal insulating and flame-retardant performances of phenolic foam. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiulong Li
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohai Li
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyou Tian
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei 230031 People's Republic of China
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11
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Li X, Wang Z, Wu L, Tsai T. One-step in situ synthesis of a novel α-zirconium phosphate/graphene oxide hybrid and its application in phenolic foam with enhanced mechanical strength, flame retardancy and thermal stability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12208f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel α-zirconium phosphate/graphene oxide hybrid was synthesized, and its incorporation into phenolic foam can greatly improve mechanical strengths, thermal stability and flame retardancy of the foam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P. R. China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji University)
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Materials
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Tsungyen Tsai
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Chung-Li 32023
- Taiwan
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12
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Bo C, Wei S, Hu L, Jia P, Liang B, Zhou J, Zhou Y. Synthesis of a cardanol-based phosphorus-containing polyurethane prepolymer and its application in phenolic foams. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cardanol-based P-containing polyurethane prepolymer (PPUP), a novel cardanol derivative, was synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiying Bo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- CAF
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering
- SFA
| | - Shikang Wei
- Technical Department of Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical Co., LTD
- Nanjing 210048
- China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- CAF
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering
- SFA
| | - Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- CAF
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering
- SFA
| | - Bingchuang Liang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- CAF
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering
- SFA
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- CAF
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering
- SFA
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- CAF
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering
- SFA
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13
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Enhanced mechanical properties, thermal stability of phenolic-formaldehyde foam/silica nanocomposites viain situpolymerization. POLYM ENG SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Yuan J, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Phenolic foams toughened with crosslinked poly (n-butyl acrylate)/silica core-shell nanocomposite particles. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yuan
- Department of Polymer; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Department of Polymer; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- Department of Polymer; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Ministry of Education; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 People's Republic of China
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15
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Ding H, Wang J, Liu J, Xu Y, Chen R, Wang C, Chu F. Preparation and properties of a novel flame retardant polyurethane quasi-prepolymer for toughening phenolic foam. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Ding
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Jifu Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Juan Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Riqing Chen
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Chunpeng Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
| | - Fuxiang Chu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products; CAF China Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization China; Nanjing China
- Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering; SFA Nanjing 210042 China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry; Beijing 100091 China
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16
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Li X, Wang Z, Wu L. Preparation of a silica nanospheres/graphene oxide hybrid and its application in phenolic foams with improved mechanical strengths, friability and flame retardancy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19830e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A silica nanospheres/graphene oxide hybrid (SGO) was synthesized, and it is found that SGO can greatly improve the mechanical strengths, thermal stability and flame retardancy of phenolic foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P.R. China
| | - Zhengzhou Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials (Tongji University)
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Materials
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- P.R. China
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17
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Li H, Liu J, Lin L, Mu Q, Sun X, Liu X. Preparation and characterization of UV-curable copolymers containing alkali soluble carboxyl pendant for negative photoresist. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090414770024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Yang C, Zhuang ZH, Yang ZG. Pulverized polyurethane foam particles reinforced rigid polyurethane foam and phenolic foam. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Materials Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhe-Hui Zhuang
- Department of Materials Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhen-Guo Yang
- Department of Materials Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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