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Snyder D, Emrick T. Embedding Thiols into Choline Phosphate Polymer Zwitterions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300690. [PMID: 38207336 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The compositional scope of polymer zwitterions has grown significantly in recent years and now offers designer synthetic materials that are broadly applicable across numerous areas, including supracolloidal structures, electronic materials interfaces, and macromolecular therapeutics. Among recent developments in polymer zwitterion syntheses are those that allow insertion of reactive functionality directly into the zwitterionic moiety, yielding new monomer and polymer structures that hold potential for maximizing the impact of zwitterions on the macromolecular materials chemistry field. This manuscript describes the preparation of zwitterionic choline phosphate (CP) methacrylates containing either aromatic or aliphatic thiols embedded directly into the zwitterionic moiety. The polymerization of these functional CP methacrylates by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer methodology yields polymeric zwitterionic thiols containing protected thiol functionality in the zwitterionic units. After polymerization, the protected thiols are liberated to yield thiol-rich polymer zwitterions which serve as precursors to subsequent reactions that produce polymer networks as well as polymer-protein bioconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Snyder
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science & Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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2
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Day EC, Chittari SS, Bogen MP, Knight AS. Navigating the Expansive Landscapes of Soft Materials: A User Guide for High-Throughput Workflows. ACS POLYMERS AU 2023; 3:406-427. [PMID: 38107416 PMCID: PMC10722570 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are highly customizable with tailored structures and functionality, yet this versatility generates challenges in the design of advanced materials due to the size and complexity of the design space. Thus, exploration and optimization of polymer properties using combinatorial libraries has become increasingly common, which requires careful selection of synthetic strategies, characterization techniques, and rapid processing workflows to obtain fundamental principles from these large data sets. Herein, we provide guidelines for strategic design of macromolecule libraries and workflows to efficiently navigate these high-dimensional design spaces. We describe synthetic methods for multiple library sizes and structures as well as characterization methods to rapidly generate data sets, including tools that can be adapted from biological workflows. We further highlight relevant insights from statistics and machine learning to aid in data featurization, representation, and analysis. This Perspective acts as a "user guide" for researchers interested in leveraging high-throughput screening toward the design of multifunctional polymers and predictive modeling of structure-property relationships in soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew P. Bogen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Abigail S. Knight
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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3
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Click chemistry strategies for the accelerated synthesis of functional macromolecules. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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4
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Teulère C, Ben-Osman C, Barry C, Nicolaÿ R. Synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic heterografted molecular brushes prepared by telomerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Eom T, Khan A. Disulfides as mercapto-precursors in nucleophilic ring opening reaction of polymeric epoxides: establishing equimolar stoichiometric conditions in a thiol–epoxy ‘click’ reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7419-7422. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02601h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work establishes equimolar stoichiometric conditions in a thiol–epoxy ‘click’ reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejun Eom
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul 02841
- Korea
| | - Anzar Khan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Korea University
- Seoul 02841
- Korea
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Cazares-Cortes E, Baker BC, Nishimori K, Ouchi M, Tournilhac F. Polymethacrylic Acid Shows Thermoresponsivity in an Organic Solvent. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cazares-Cortes
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials Laboratory, CNRS, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Benjamin C. Baker
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials Laboratory, CNRS, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kana Nishimori
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Ouchi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510 Kyoto, Japan
| | - François Tournilhac
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry, and Materials Laboratory, CNRS, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
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Williamson JB, Czaplyski WL, Alexanian EJ, Leibfarth FA. Regioselective C−H Xanthylation as a Platform for Polyolefin Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill B. Williamson
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - William L. Czaplyski
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Erik J. Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
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Williamson JB, Czaplyski WL, Alexanian EJ, Leibfarth FA. Regioselective C−H Xanthylation as a Platform for Polyolefin Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6261-6265. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill B. Williamson
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - William L. Czaplyski
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Erik J. Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 125 South Rd Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
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Frank D, Espeel P, Badi N, Du Prez F. Structurally diverse polymers from norbornene and thiolactone containing building blocks. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Abstract
This work reports the straightforward synthesis of molecular brushes by telomerization from polythiol multifunctional macrotransfer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Teulère
- Matière Molle et Chimie
- École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris)–CNRS
- UMR-7167
- Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University
- 75005 Paris
| | - Renaud Nicolaÿ
- Matière Molle et Chimie
- École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris)–CNRS
- UMR-7167
- Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University
- 75005 Paris
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11
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Abstract
A simple synthetic pathway to broaden the accessibility of thiol-functional polymers including formation of dendritic hydrogelsviaTEC chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. C. J. Andrén
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - M. Malkoch
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
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Stuparu MC, Khan A. Thiol-epoxy “click” chemistry: Application in preparation and postpolymerization modification of polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaiela C. Stuparu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University; 21-Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Anzar Khan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
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Gu L, Xue Q, Peng S, Wang G, Han J, Wu X. A novel and facile strategy to inhibit corrosion: thiol-click synthesis of polythiols and their skinning on a metal surface to form super thick protective films. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polythiols were prepared via thiol-click chemistry and employed to form super thick films to inhibit corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Gu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Qingquan Xue
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Shusen Peng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Gang Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Jin Han
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Xuedong Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
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Wu J, Liou JH, Shu CY, Patel Y, Menon R, Santucci C, Iacono ST, Smith DW, Novak BM. Facile method towards functionalization of partially fluorinated polyarylethers via sequential post-polymerization modification. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Espeel P, Du Prez FE. One-pot multi-step reactions based on thiolactone chemistry: A powerful synthetic tool in polymer science. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Wang G, Peng L, Zheng Y, Gao Y, Wu X, Ren T, Gao C, Han J. Novel triethylamine catalyzed S → O acetyl migration reaction to generate candidate thiols for construction of topological and functional sulfur-containing polymers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09842k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Various sulphur-containing monomers and polymer materials transformed from different epoxy compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine New Materials and Related Technology
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protection Technology
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Li Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yaochen Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yanqin Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine New Materials and Related Technology
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protection Technology
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
| | - Tianhui Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jin Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine New Materials and Related Technology
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protection Technology
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
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Gadwal I, Stuparu MC, Khan A. Homopolymer bifunctionalization through sequential thiol–epoxy and esterification reactions: an optimization, quantification, and structural elucidation study. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01453g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we probe various aspects of a post-polymerization double-modification strategy involving sequential thiol–epoxy and esterification reactions for the preparation of dual-functional homopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhlas Gadwal
- Department of Materials
- ETH-Zürich
- CH-8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Mihaiela C. Stuparu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- and School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Anzar Khan
- Department of Materials
- ETH-Zürich
- CH-8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
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Gadwal I, Khan A. Multiply functionalized dendrimers: protective-group-free synthesis through sequential thiol-epoxy ‘click’ chemistry and esterification reaction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05820a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A protective-group-free synthetic route to multiply functionalized dendrimers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhlas Gadwal
- Department of Materials
- ETH-Zürich
- CH-8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Anzar Khan
- Department of Materials
- ETH-Zürich
- CH-8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
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Hornung CH, von Känel K, Martinez-Botella I, Espiritu M, Nguyen X, Postma A, Saubern S, Chiefari J, Thang SH. Continuous Flow Aminolysis of RAFT Polymers Using Multistep Processing and Inline Analysis. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501628f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin von Känel
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | | | - Maria Espiritu
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Xuan Nguyen
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Almar Postma
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Simon Saubern
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - John Chiefari
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - San H. Thang
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Bag 33, Clayton
South, Victoria 3169, Australia
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22
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Le Neindre M, Nicolaÿ R. Polythiol copolymers with precise architectures: a platform for functional materials. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00293h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sequential Thiol-Epoxy and Esterification Reactions: A Facile Route to Bifunctional Homopolymer Sequences. MULTI-COMPONENT AND SEQUENTIAL REACTIONS IN POLYMER SYNTHESIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2014_299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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