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Khan MUA, Aslam MA, Abdullah MFB, Abdal-Hay A, Gao W, Xiao Y, Stojanović GM. Recent advances of bone tissue engineering: carbohydrate and ceramic materials, fundamental properties and advanced biofabrication strategies ‒ a comprehensive review. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:052005. [PMID: 39105493 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad6b8a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that can always regenerate itself through remodeling to maintain biofunctionality. This tissue performs several vital physiological functions. However, bone scaffolds are required for critical-size damages and fractures, and these can be addressed by bone tissue engineering. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has the potential to develop scaffolds for repairing critical-size damaged bone. BTE is a multidisciplinary engineered scaffold with the desired properties for repairing damaged bone tissue. Herein, we have provided an overview of the common carbohydrate polymers, fundamental structural, physicochemical, and biological properties, and fabrication techniques for bone tissue engineering. We also discussed advanced biofabrication strategies and provided the limitations and prospects by highlighting significant issues in bone tissue engineering. There are several review articles available on bone tissue engineering. However, we have provided a state-of-the-art review article that discussed recent progress and trends within the last 3-5 years by emphasizing challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Azhar Aslam
- Department of Physics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Faizal Bin Abdullah
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Abdalla Abdal-Hay
- Department of Engineering Materials and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Wendong Gao
- School of Medicine and Dentistry , Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Medicine and Dentistry , Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Goran M Stojanović
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, T. D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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2
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Nandi AK. A Review on Self-Assembly Driven Optoelectronic Properties of Polythiophene-Peptide and Polythiophene-Polymer Conjugates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:9385-9405. [PMID: 38682339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Polythiophene (PT) is an important conducting polymer for its outstanding optoelectronic properties. Here, we delineate the self-assembly-driven optoelectronic properties of PT-peptide and PT-polymer conjugates, taking examples from recent literature reports. PT-peptide conjugates made by both covalent and noncovalent approaches are discussed. Poly(3-thiophene acetic acid) (P3TAA) covalently coupled with Gly-Gly-His tripeptide, C-protected and deprotected tripeptide H2N-F-F-V-OMe, etc. exhibits self-assembly-driven absorbance, fluorescence, photocurrent, and electronic properties. Noncovalent PT-peptide conjugates produced via ionic, H-bonding, and π-stacking interactions show tunable morphology and optoelectronic properties by varying the composition of a component. PT conjugated with Alzheimer's disease peptide (KLVFFAE, Aβ16-22) shows enhanced photocatalytic water splitting, cationic PT(CPT-I)-perylene bisimide-appended dipeptide (PBI-DY), and anionic PT-perylene diimide-appended cationic peptide (PBI-NH3+) conjugates and exhibits self-assembly-driven enhanced photoswitching and organic mixed electronic and ionic conductivity (OMEIC) properties. In the PT-polymer conjugates, self-assembly-driven optoelectronic properties of covalently produced PT-random copolymers, PT-block copolymers, PT-graft-random copolymers, and PT-graft-block copolymer conjugates are discussed. The HOMO-LUMO levels of hyperbranched polymers are optimized to obtain better power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell than in linear polymers, and P3TAA-ran-P3HT (43 mol % P3TAA) conjugated with MAPbI3 perovskite exhibits higher PCE (10%) than that with only P3TAA hole-transporting material. In the ampholytic polythiophene (APT), on increasing pH, the morphology changes from the vesicle to fibrillar network for the dethreading of the PT chain, resulting in a red shift of the absorbance peak, an enormous increase in PL intensity, lowering of the charge transfer resistance, and an induction of Warburg impedance for the release of quencher I- ions. The PT-g-(PDMAEMA-co-PGLU-HEM) graft copolymer self-assembles with Con-A lectin, causing fluorescence quenching, and acts as a sensor for Con-A with a LOD of 57 mg/L. Varying sequences of the block copolymer containing pH-responsive PDMAEMA and temperature-responsive PDEGMEM grafted to the PT backbone shows different self-assembly, optical, electronic, and photocurrent properties depending on the proximity and preponderance of the block sequence on the PT backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Nandi
- Polymer Science Unit, School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Sinsinbar G, Gudlur S, Liedberg B. Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli: Optimized Peptide-Polythiophene Interactions Help Reduce Assay Time and Improve Naked-Eye Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31541-31550. [PMID: 35797225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in methods for rapid detection of microbial contamination in food and water samples have aided in the development of on-site and point-of-care testing. Early detection, made possible via on-site testing, can help limit the spread of food and waterborne illnesses. Recently, we reported a novel fluorescence-based Omptin-Polythiophene assay (the assay) to detect Escherichia coli in contaminated water samples. The assay targets OmpT─an E. coli outer membrane protease─and exploits the protease's ability to cleave at dibasic sites within a peptide. By combining a peptide substrate optimized for OmpT with a conjugated polythiophene reporter molecule whose optical properties vary upon interaction with the intact or cleaved peptide, we demonstrated the detection of 1-10 CFU/mL and 105 CFU/mL E. coli in 5.5 and 1 h, respectively. In comparison, most microbial detection methods that rely on culturing and plating techniques take anywhere between 8 and 24 h to report their results. Herein we report significant improvements in the assay which include reducing the assay time from an already short 1 h to a mere 10 min for detecting E. coli in highly contaminated samples and augmenting the assay with colorimetric sensing capability for naked eye discernment under normal visible light or under UV-A light. These improvements were made possible by characterizing the optical changes resulting from the interaction of the peptide with five carboxylate-functionalized polythiophene variants carrying different 3- side chain carboxylic acids and by identifying preferential peptide substrates via the screening of ten peptide sequence variants for OmpT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sinsinbar
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Sushanth Gudlur
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
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Domínguez SE, Vuolle A, Fattori A, Ääritalo T, Cangiotti M, Damlin P, Ottaviani MF, Kvarnström C. Enhancement of charge-assisted hydrogen bond capabilities due to O-alkylation proximity in alkoxy cationic polythiophenes: solution- and solid-state evidence via EPR, AFM and surface free energy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6011-6025. [PMID: 35199803 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04792b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the array of applications for cationic polythiophenes (CPTs), there is still a need for structure-function guidelines and mechanistic understanding of their solution- and solid-state properties. This work presents a solution- and solid-state investigation of the effect of O-alkylation proximity on the hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) capabilities of alkoxy-CPTs, based on comparing an imidazolium alkoxy CPT with strong cation-pi, pi+ and positive charge-assisted hydrogen bonding (+CAHB) capabilities (PIMa), with two isothiouronium alkoxy CPTs with two-point +CAHB capabilities (PT1 & PT2), which have short and long alkoxy side chains, respectively. Our results show that a closer proximity of O-alkylation strengthens the +CAHB capabilities of PT1: in aqueous solutions, PT2 aggregates have a stronger interaction with cationic EPR spin probes than aggregates of PIMa and PT1, which in turn show a similar extent of repulsion towards the cationic spin probes. In solid-state, atomic force microscopy (AFM) shows that PIMa generates dendritic structures onto mica, with features of diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA), indicating strong interactions with the anionic substrate due to a high configurational entropy during spreading, regardless of being drop-casted from water or 1,4-dioxane-water (W-DI), despite the latter disturbing H-bonding due to selective solvation. PT1 is also capable of generating dendritic structures resembling ballistic aggregation (BA). However, this occurs only when casting from water, since W-DI generates island-like aggregates resembling attachment limited aggregation (ALA), which is the morphology generated by PT2 regardless of the solvent. Finally, spin-coated films of PIMa and PT1 show similar dispersivity of the surface free energy (SFE), which in turn is larger than that in PT2 films, which are also more affected when casted from W-DI, presenting much larger decreases of dispersivity. These results constitute a novel empirical structure-function guideline that could be useful for optimal design and/or processing of alkoxy CPTs. For example, dendritic patterns have recently gained attention since the colloidal droplet drying is related to engineering applications including inkjet printing, biosensing, and functional material design, while the SFE is relevant for opto- and bio-electronic applications of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs). This information could also be useful when analyzing previous results obtained from alkoxy CPTs with different side chain lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio E Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Antti Vuolle
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Alberto Fattori
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Timo Ääritalo
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Michela Cangiotti
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Pia Damlin
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - M Francesca Ottaviani
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Carita Kvarnström
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
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Domínguez SE, Kohn B, Ääritalo T, Damlin P, Scheler U, Kvarnström C. Cationic polythiophene-anionic fullerene pair in water and water-dioxane: studies on hydrogen bonding capabilities, kinetic and thermodynamic properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21013-21028. [PMID: 34522930 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the vast array of solution- and solid-state bio-analytical, bioelectronic and optoelectronic applications of cationic polythiophenes (CPTs), the number of studies focused on the role of hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) between these and other molecules is scarce, regardless of whether H-bonding is expected to play an important role in several such applications. Also, despite the advantages of using cosolvents to systematically examine the molecular interactions, there are no such studies for CPTs to our knowledge. This work presents a steady-state UV-vis/fluorescence spectroscopic, kinetic and thermodynamic study on the H-bonding interactions between a water-soluble, cationic-anionic (isothiouronium-tetraphosphonate), polythiophene-fullerene donor-acceptor pair with two-point, charge-assisted H-bonding (CAHB) capabilities, tuned using water or a 1,4-dioxane-water mixture (W-DI). Both solvents generate photoinduced electron transfer (PET), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), spontaneous binding, H-bonding, ground-state complexing via multiple site binding, formation of micelle-like aggregates and equivalence points at a similar concentration of the quencher. However, in comparison with water, W-DI promotes less-ordered, less packed micellar aggregates, due to hydrophobic desolvation of the H-bond and larger solvent displacement during the PT1-4Fo complexation. This would decrease the extent of charge-transfer and the size of the sphere-of-quenching, mainly by displacements or rotations of the H-bonds, instead of elongations, together with a possible larger extent of diffusion-controlled static quenching. At [4Fo] larger than the equivalence point the micelles formed in water do not have available binding sites due to a tighter aggregation, causing a decrease in the quenching efficiency, while the micelles formed in W-DI start showing larger quenching efficiencies, possibly due to an increase in entropy that overcomes the desolvation of the H-bonding. These results could be useful when analyzing outputs from systems including CPTs with H-bonding capabilities, operating in (or casted from) solvents with clear differences in polarity and/or H-bonding capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio E Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Benjamin Kohn
- Leibniz-Institut für, University of Turku, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Timo Ääritalo
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Pia Damlin
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Ulrich Scheler
- Leibniz-Institut für, University of Turku, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carita Kvarnström
- Department of Chemistry, Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
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6
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Tsuchiya T, Mizuno H, Fukuhara G. The factors that govern the allosteric chemical sensing of polythiophene chemosensors: scope and limitation toward signal-amplification sensing. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30472-30478. [PMID: 35493992 PMCID: PMC9041329 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05795b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly designed polythiophene chemosensors (PT1 and PT2) were synthesized via the Suzuki-Miyaura polymerization with appropriate yields. The photophysical properties of PTs thus obtained were examined by means of UV/vis, fluorescence, excitation spectroscopy, and time-correlated single-photon-counting method. The π-π* transitions around 400-600 nm and the emissions in the range of 400-650 nm were observed. The binding behavior of PTs was also investigated upon the interaction of tetrabutylammonium or tetrabutylphosphonium isophthalate, affording the binding constants (K) of 5790-8310 M-1, which were quite smaller than those observed in the corresponding repeating unit. The comprehensive analyses of the UV/vis data and theoretical calculation supports revealed the origins of scope and limitation toward signal-amplification sensing. The present results obtained herein will guide the development of new amplification chemosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Tsuchiya
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mizuno
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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7
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Reiber T, Zavoiura O, Dose C, Yushchenko DA. Fluorophore Multimerization as an Efficient Approach towards Bright Protein Labels. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorge Reiber
- Department of Chemical Biology Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG Friedrich-Ebert Straße 68 51429 Bergisch Gladbach Germany
| | - Oleksandr Zavoiura
- Department of Chemical Biology Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG Friedrich-Ebert Straße 68 51429 Bergisch Gladbach Germany
| | - Christian Dose
- Department of Chemical Biology Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG Friedrich-Ebert Straße 68 51429 Bergisch Gladbach Germany
| | - Dmytro A. Yushchenko
- Department of Chemical Biology Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG Friedrich-Ebert Straße 68 51429 Bergisch Gladbach Germany
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo namesti 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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Chevrier M, Kesters J, Houston JE, Van den Brande N, Chambon S, Richeter S, Van Mele B, Arnold T, Mehdi A, Lazzaroni R, Dubois P, Evans RC, Maes W, Clément S. Phosphonium‐based polythiophene conjugated polyelectrolytes with different surfactant counterions: thermal properties, self‐assembly and photovoltaic performances. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Chevrier
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Montpellier France
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC), Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux et Polymères (CIRMAP), Université de Mons – UMONS Mons Belgium
| | - Jurgen Kesters
- UHasselt – Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Design and Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS) Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Judith E Houston
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at the Heinz Maier‐Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Garching Germany
| | - Niko Van den Brande
- Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science (FYSC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Sylvain Chambon
- Univ. Bordeaux, IMS, CNRS, UMR 5218, Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP Talence France
| | | | - Bruno Van Mele
- Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science (FYSC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Thomas Arnold
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot UK
- European Spallation Source ERIC Lund Sweden
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Bath UK
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot UK
| | - Ahmad Mehdi
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Montpellier France
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, CIRMAP University of Mons – UMONS Mons Belgium
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC), Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux et Polymères (CIRMAP), Université de Mons – UMONS Mons Belgium
| | - Rachel C Evans
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Wouter Maes
- UHasselt – Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Design and Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors (DSOS) Diepenbeek Belgium
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Cheng CC, Lai YC, Shieh YT, Chang YH, Lee AW, Chen JK, Lee DJ, Lai JY. CO 2-Responsive Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymers for In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5282-5291. [PMID: 33155800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble conjugated polymers (WCPs) composed of a hydrophobic polythiophene main chain with hydrophilic tertiary amine side-chains can directly self-assemble into sphere-like nano-objects in an aqueous solution due to phase separation between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments of the polymeric structure. Due to the presence of gas-responsive tertiary amine moieties in the spherical structure, the resulting polymers rapidly and reversibly tune their structural features, surface charge, and fluorescence performance in response to alternating carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) bubbling, which leads to significantly enhanced fluorescence and surface charge switching properties and a stable cycle of on and off switching response. In vitro studies confirmed that the CO2-treated polymers exhibited extremely low cytotoxicity and enhanced cellular uptake ability in normal and tumor cells, and thus possess significantly improved fluorescence stability, distribution, and endocytic uptake efficiency within cellular organisms compared to the pristine polymer. More importantly, in vivo assays demonstrated that the CO2-treated polymers displayed excellent biocompatibility and high fluorescence enhancement in living zebrafish, whereas the fluorescence intensity and stability of zebrafish incubated with the pristine polymer decreased linearly over time. Thus, these CO2 and N2-responsive WCPs could potentially be applied as multifunctional fluorescent probes for in vivo biological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Tarng Shieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Wei Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jem-Kun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32043, Taiwan
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Sinsinbar G, Gudlur S, Wood SE, Ammanath G, Yildiz HU, Alagappan P, Mrksich M, Liedberg B. Outer‐Membrane Protease (OmpT) Based
E. coli
Sensing with Anionic Polythiophene and Unlabeled Peptide Substrate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sinsinbar
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Materials Science Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637553 Singapore
| | - Sushanth Gudlur
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Materials Science Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637553 Singapore
| | - Sarah E. Wood
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Gopal Ammanath
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Materials Science Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637553 Singapore
| | - Hakan U. Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry Izmir Institute of Technology Urla 35430 Izmir Turkey
| | - Palaniappan Alagappan
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Materials Science Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637553 Singapore
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Materials Science Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637553 Singapore
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11
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Sinsinbar G, Gudlur S, Wood SE, Ammanath G, Yildiz HU, Alagappan P, Mrksich M, Liedberg B. Outer-Membrane Protease (OmpT) Based E. coli Sensing with Anionic Polythiophene and Unlabeled Peptide Substrate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18068-18077. [PMID: 32618102 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
E. coli and Salmonella are two of the most common bacterial pathogens involved in foodborne and waterborne related deaths. Hence, it is critical to develop rapid and sensitive detection strategies for near-outbreak applications. Reported is a simple and specific assay to detect as low as 1 CFU mL-1 of E. coli in water within 6 hours by targeting the bacteria's surface protease activity. The assay relies on polythiophene acetic acid (PTAA) as an optical reporter and a short unlabeled peptide (LL37FRRV ) previously optimized as a substrate for OmpT, an outer-membrane protease on E. coli. LL37FRRV interacts with PTAA to enhance its fluorescence while also inducing the formation of a helical PTAA-LL37FRRV construct, as confirmed by circular dichroism. However, in the presence of E. coli LL37FRRV is cleaved and can no longer affect the conformations and optical properties of PTAA. This ability to distinguish between an intact and cleaved peptide was investigated in detail using LL37FRRV sequence variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sinsinbar
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Sushanth Gudlur
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Sarah E Wood
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Gopal Ammanath
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Hakan U Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Palaniappan Alagappan
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
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12
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Mori A, Kubota C, Fujita K, Hayashi M, Ogura T, Suzuki T, Okano K, Funahashi M, Horie M. Thermally Induced Self-Doping of π-Conjugated Polymers Bearing a Pendant Neopentyl Sulfonate Group. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsunori Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kubota
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fujita
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masayasu Hayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Ogura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Toyoko Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Funahashi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0396, Japan
| | - Masaki Horie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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13
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So RC, Carreon-Asok AC. Molecular Design, Synthetic Strategies, and Applications of Cationic Polythiophenes. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11442-11509. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina C. So
- Department of Chemistry, Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights, Katipunan, Quezon City 1108, Philippines
| | - Analyn C. Carreon-Asok
- Department of Chemistry, Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights, Katipunan, Quezon City 1108, Philippines
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University−Ateneo de Cagayan University, Corrales Avenue, Cagayan de Oro City 9000, Philippines
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14
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Wang F, Xia H, Pu S, Yan N, Song J, Tian Y, Wei J, Yan L. Novel polythiophene derivative for dual-channel cell imaging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17335-17340. [PMID: 35519859 PMCID: PMC9064552 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01262a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent materials play an extremely important role in understanding the microbiological world. New fluorescent materials which have good photophysical properties, low cytotoxicity, and multi-channel fluorescent imaging capability are still urgently needed, even though many kinds of fluorescent materials have already been synthesized. In this work, a new polythiophene derivative (PT-OH-PPR) modified with a porphyrin group in its side chain was designed and fabricated through FeCl3 oxidative polymerization. The obtained PT-OH-PPR has wide absorption and emission spectral range, good water solubility and low cytotoxicity. Importantly it could be enriched in the cytoplasm of A549 cells and be excited by two excitation wavelengths (488 nm and 559 nm), which provides a promising application in dual-channel cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
- Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Huiyun Xia
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Siyu Pu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Ni Yan
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Jiale Song
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Yefei Tian
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Junji Wei
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
| | - Luke Yan
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
- Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China
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15
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Pakhira M, Ghosh R, Rath SP, Chatterjee DP, Nandi AK. Zwitterionic Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Graft Copolymer with Unexpected Fluorescence Property. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5525-5533. [PMID: 30889953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a growth of research on the nonconjugated polymer exhibiting fluorescence property and it would be exciting if fluorescence property is developed in zwitterionic polymers because of their good water solubility. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) grafted with poly(dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) is fractionated and a highly water-soluble fraction (PVDM-1) is quaternized with 1,3-propane sultone, producing a zwitterionic polymer, PVDF- g-PDMAEMA-sultone (PVDMS). PVDM-1 shows the fluorescence property with very low quantum yield (1%) in water, but on quaternization, fluorescence quantum yield increases to 8%. Transmission electron microscopy results indicate that the PVDM-1 cast from water has vesicular morphology, whereas PVDMS exhibits aggregated vesicular morphology. The 1H NMR spectra indicate the presence of 72 mol % DMAEMA in PVDM-1 wherein 66% of -NMe2 groups is quaternized upon postpolymerization modification. PVDM-1 exhibits absorption peaks at 210, 276, and 457 nm with a hump at 430 nm, whereas PVDMS exhibits two absorption peaks at 203 and 297 nm. PVDM-1 exhibits a broad emission peak at 534 nm, whereas PVDMS exhibits a sharp emission peak at 438 nm. An attempt has been made from density functional theory calculations to shed light on the origin of fluorescence in both PVDM-1 and in the zwitterionic PVDMS. The excitonic decay occurs from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of carbonyl group to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of tertiary amine group for PVDM-1, whereas in PVDMS, the excitonic transition occurs from the LUMO situated over the quaternary ammonium group to the HOMO located on the electron-rich terminal sulfonate group.
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16
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Fossépré M, Trévisan ME, Cyriaque V, Wattiez R, Beljonne D, Richeter S, Clément S, Surin M. Detection of the Enzymatic Cleavage of DNA through Supramolecular Chiral Induction to a Cationic Polythiophene. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2125-2136. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Fossépré
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Marie E. Trévisan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Valentine Cyriaque
- Proteomics and Microbiology Lab, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champs de Mars 6, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Lab, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champs de Mars 6, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, CC1701 Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier Cedex 05F-34095, France
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, CC1701 Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier Cedex 05F-34095, France
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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18
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Ghosh R, Das S, Bhattacharyya K, Chatterjee DP, Biswas A, Nandi AK. Light-Induced Conformational Change of Uracil-Anchored Polythiophene-Regulating Thermo-Responsiveness. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12401-12411. [PMID: 30234308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the electronic structure of a π-conjugated polymer from the responsive side chains is generally done to get desired optoelectronic properties, and it would be very fruitful when light is used as an exciting tool that can also affect the backbone chain conformation. For this purpose, polythiophene- g-poly-[ N-(6-methyluracilyl)- N, N-dimethylamino chloride]ethyl methacrylate (PTDU) is synthesized. On exposure to diffuse sunlight, the uracil moieties of the grafted chains cause the absorption maximum of PTDU solution to show gradual blue shift of 87 nm and a gradual blue shift of 46 nm in the emission maximum, quenching its fluorescence with time. These effects occur specifically at the absorption range of polythiophene (PT) chromophore on direct exposure of light of different wavelengths, and the optimum wavelength is found to be 420 nm. Impedance study suggests a decrease in charge transfer resistance upon exposure because of conformational change of PTDU. Theoretical study indicates that on exposure to visible light, uracil moieties move toward the backbone to facilitate photoinduced electron transfer between the PT and the uracil, attributing to the variation in optoelectronic properties. Morphological and light-scattering studies exhibit a decrease in particle size because of coiling of the PT backbone and squeezing of the grafted chain on light exposure. The transparent orange-colored PTDU solution becomes hazy with a hike in emission intensity on addition of sodium halides and becomes reversibly transparent or hazy on heating or cooling. The screening of cationic centers of PTDU by varying halide anion concentration tunes the phase transition temperature. Thus, the light-induced variation in the backbone conformation is responsible for tuning the optoelectronic properties and regulates the thermos-responsiveness of the PTDU solution in the presence of halide ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakanta Ghosh
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Sujoy Das
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Kalishankar Bhattacharyya
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Dhruba P Chatterjee
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Atosi Biswas
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - Arun K Nandi
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur , Kolkata 700 032 , India
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19
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Maity N, Ghosh R, Nandi AK. Optoelectronic Properties of Self-Assembled Nanostructures of Polymer Functionalized Polythiophene and Graphene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7585-7597. [PMID: 29390187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this Feature Article, we discuss the variation of optoelectronic properties with the aggregation style of polythiophene (PT) graft copolymers and polymer-modified graphene systems. Grafting of flexible polymers on a PT chain exhibits several self-organized patterns under various conditions, causing different optical and electronic properties, arising from the different conformational states of the conjugated chain. Graphene, a zero band gap material, is functionalized with polymers both covalently and noncovalently to create a finite band gap importing new optoelectronic properties. The polymer-triggered self-assembled nanostructures of PT and graphene-based materials bring unique optical/electronic properties suitable for sensing toxic ions, nitroaromatics, and surfactants, for drug delivery, and also for fabricating molecular logic gates, electronic rectifiers, photocurrent devices, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabasmita Maity
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata - 700 032 , India
| | - Radhakanta Ghosh
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata - 700 032 , India
| | - Arun K Nandi
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata - 700 032 , India
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20
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Inoue K, Aikawa S, Fukushima Y. Colorimetric detection of Hg2+using a mixture of an anionic azo dye and a cationic polyelectrolyte in aqueous solution. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koshiro Inoue
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Toyo University; Saitama Japan
| | - Shunichi Aikawa
- Research Institute of Industrial Technology; Toyo University; Saitama Japan
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21
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Novel alanines bearing a heteroaromatic side chain: synthesis and studies on fluorescent chemosensing of metal cations with biological relevance. Amino Acids 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Liu R, Cui Q, Yang Y, Peng R, Li L. Preparation of conjugated polymer nanoparticles with white emission and their application for cell imaging. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Spooner J, Wiebe H, Louwerse M, Reader B, Weinberg N. Theoretical analysis of high-pressure effects on conformational equilibria. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Along with temperature, pressure is the most important physical parameter determining the thermodynamic properties and reactivity of chemical systems. In this work, we discuss the effects of high pressure on conformational properties of organic molecules and propose an approach toward calculation of conformational volume changes based on molecular dynamics simulations. The results agree well with the experimental data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that pressure can be used as an instrument for fine-tuning of molecular conformations and to propel a properly constructed molecular rotor possessing a suitable combination of energy and volume profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Spooner
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Heather Wiebe
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Miranda Louwerse
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada
| | - Brandon Reader
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada
| | - Noham Weinberg
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada
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24
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Willis-Fox N, Gutacker A, Browne MP, Khan AR, Lyons MEG, Scherf U, Evans RC. Selective recognition of biologically important anions using a diblock polyfluorene–polythiophene conjugated polyelectrolyte. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01478c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence detection of nucleotide phosphates with a polyfluorene–polythiophene diblock copolymer is demonstrated, accompanied by determination of the sensor mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Willis-Fox
- School of Chemistry and CRANN
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Ireland
| | - Andrea Gutacker
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (buwmakro) and Institute for Polymer Technology
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | - Michelle P. Browne
- School of Chemistry and CRANN
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Ireland
| | - Amir R. Khan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology
- University of Dublin
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
| | - Michael E. G. Lyons
- School of Chemistry and CRANN
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Ireland
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (buwmakro) and Institute for Polymer Technology
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | - Rachel C. Evans
- School of Chemistry and CRANN
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Ireland
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy
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