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Velgosova O, Mačák L, Čižmárová E, Mára V. Influence of Reagents on the Synthesis Process and Shape of Silver Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6829. [PMID: 36234170 PMCID: PMC9571871 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via chemical reduction and analyze the impact of used reduction agents: sodium borohydride (NaBH4), trisodium citrate (TSC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the reduction rate of Ag+ ions to Ag0, and on nanoparticles shape. It was proven that combinations of reduction agents dramatically influence the synthesis rate of AgNPs and the color of solutions, which depends on the shape and size of nanoparticles. NaBH4, TSC, and PVP showed good reduction power. In particular, TSC proved to be a key factor influencing the shape of AgNPs. The shape of nanoparticles influences the color of colloidal solutions. Yellow solutions, where UV-vis absorbance maxima (ABSmax) are in the wavelength interval 380-420 nm, contain spherical particles with a mean size of 25 nm, whereas the blue shift of ABSmax to wavelengths higher than 750 nm indicate the presence of triangular nanoparticles (size interval 18-150 nm). A mixture of spherical, triangular, irregular, and hexagonal nanoparticles give different color, e.g., green. The formation and stability of AgNPs was tracked by UV-vis spectroscopy, size and shape by TEM techniques, and particle size distribution was studied by particle size analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Velgosova
- Institute of Materials and Quality Engineering, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9/A, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lívia Mačák
- Institute of Materials and Quality Engineering, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9/A, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Elena Čižmárová
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo nám. 13, 121 32 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Mára
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo nám. 13, 121 32 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Synthesis and Analysis of Polymorphic Silver Nanoparticles and Their Incorporation into the Polymer Matrix. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132666. [PMID: 35808712 PMCID: PMC9269157 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A chemical method was successfully used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with various shapes. The shape of the nanoparticles affects the color of the colloid (spherical—yellow solution, triangular—blue, a mixture of spherical and triangular—green). The NaBH4, which acts as the main reducing agent and H2O2 have a significant impact on the shape of AgNPs. It has also been shown that the ratio between precursor, reducing, and the stabilizing agent is crucial for the formation of the required nanoparticles. The light sensitivity of AgNPs and the presence of H2O2 lead to a significant change in AgNPs’ shape and size with time and to the formation of the dichroic effect. UV–vis spectrophotometry, TEM, SEM/FIB, and EDX methods were used to analyze the shape, size, and composition of the nanoparticles. Polymer matrix composite with AgNPs was prepared by the “ex-situ” method.
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Jakhmola A, Vecchione R, Onesto V, Gentile F, Celentano M, Netti PA. Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Sustainable Synthesis of Gold Sol Displaying Dichroic Effect. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:236. [PMID: 33477466 PMCID: PMC7830637 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles depending on their shape and mixtures of multiple shapes can exhibit peculiar optical properties, including the dichroic effect typical of the Lycurgus cup, which has puzzled scientists for a long time. Such optical properties have been recently exploited in several fields such as paint technology, sensors, dichroic polarizers, display (LCD) devices, laser applications, solar cells and photothermal therapy among others. In this article, we have demonstrated a simple room temperature one-pot synthesis of gold sol displaying a dichroic effect using a slow reduction protocol involving only trisodium citrate as a reducing agent. We found that the dichroic gold sol can be easily formed at room temperature by reducing gold salt by trisodium citrate below a certain critical concentration. The sol displayed an orangish-brown color in scattered/reflected light and violet/blue/indigo/purple/red/pink in transmitted light, depending on the experimental conditions. With minor changes such as the introduction of a third molecule or replacing a small amount of water in the reaction mixture with ethanol, the color of the gold sol under transmitted light changed and a variety of shades of red, pink, cobalt blue, violet, magenta and purple were obtained. The main advantage of the proposed method lies in its simplicity, which involves the identification of the right ratio of the reactants, and simple mixing of reactants at room temperature with no other requirements. TEM micrographs displayed the formation of two main types of particles viz. single crystal gold nanoplates and polycrystalline faceted polyhedron nanoparticles. The mechanism of growth of the nanoplates and faceted polyhedron particles have been described by an enhanced diffusion limited aggregation numerical scheme, where it was assumed that both trisodium citrate and the gold ions in solution undergo a stochastic Brownian motion, and that the evolution of the entire system is regulated by a principle of energy minimization. The predictions of the model matched with the experiments with a good accuracy, indicating that the initial hypothesis is correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Jakhmola
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (P.A.N.)
| | - Raffaele Vecchione
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (P.A.N.)
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Department of Electric Engineering and Information Technology, University Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maurizio Celentano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (P.A.N.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Belfast, David Keir Building, 39-123 Stranmillis Rd, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (P.A.N.)
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
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Skatova AV, Sarin SA, Shchipunov YA. Linear Assemblies of Monodisperse Silver Nanoparticles on Micro/Nanofibrillar Cellulose. COLLOID JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x20030126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nydegger M, Deshmukh R, Tervoort E, Niederberger M, Caseri W. Composites of Copper Nanowires in Polyethylene: Preparation and Processing to Materials with NIR Dichroism. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11223-11228. [PMID: 31460223 PMCID: PMC6649297 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Agglomeration of copper nanowires (aspect ratios on the order of 1000) in polyethylene, commonly a major problem, could be prevented by modification of the nanowires with a surface layer of oleylamine. Nanocomposite films were prepared by mixing nanowire dispersions in organic solvents with polyethylene solutions followed by casting, drying, and sometimes hot pressing. Orientation of the copper nanowires by solid-state drawing of the composites at elevated temperatures led to preferential alignment of the nanowires in the drawing direction. This arrangement gave rise to a uniform dichroism in the near-infrared (NIR) region, which is uncommon in the case of the hitherto reported dichroic nanocomposites. The NIR dichroism is ascribed to the high aspect ratio of the metal wires. Hence, drawing of isotropic nanocomposites with metal wires may serve for the manufacture of NIR polarization filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Nydegger
- Laboratory
for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rupali Deshmukh
- Laboratory
for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, OSUA/205, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Elena Tervoort
- Laboratory
for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Niederberger
- Laboratory
for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- E-mail:
| | - Walter Caseri
- Laboratory
for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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