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West RJ, Jarrom R, Kelly M, Simon GS, Snyder SA. Exploring structure/property relationships to health and environmental hazards of polymeric polyisocyanate prepolymer substances-3. Aquatic exposure and hazard of aliphatic diisocyanate-based prepolymers. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:441-464. [PMID: 38748851 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241253310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The water extractability and acute aquatic toxicity of seven aliphatic diisocyanate-based prepolymer substances were investigated to determine if lesser reactivity of the aliphatic isocyanate groups, as well as increased ionization potential of the expected (aliphatic amine-terminated) polymeric hydrolysis products, would influence their aquatic behavior compared to that of previously investigated aromatic diisocyanate-based prepolymers. At loading rates of 100 and 1,000 mg/L, only the substances having log Kow ≤9 exhibited more than 1% extractability in water, and a maximum of 66% water extractability was determined for a prepolymer having log Kow = 2.2. For the more hydrophobic prepolymer substances (log Kow values from 18-37), water extractability was negligible. High-resolution mass spectrometric analyses were performed on the water-accommodated fractions (WAF) of the prepolymers, which indicated the occurrence of primary aliphatic amine-terminated polymer species having backbones and functional group equivalent weights aligned to those of the parent prepolymers. Measurements of reduced surface tension and presence of suspended micelles in the WAFs further supported the occurrence of these surface-active cationic polymer species as hydrolysis products of the prepolymers. Despite these characteristics, the water-extractable hydrolysis products were practically non-toxic to Daphnia magna. All of the substances tested exhibited 48-h EL50 values of >1,000 mg/L, with one exception of EL50 = 157 mg/L. The results from this investigation support a grouping of the aliphatic diisocyanate-based prepolymers as a class of water-reactive polymer substances having predictable aquatic exposure and a uniformly low hazard potential, consistent with that previously demonstrated for the aromatic diisocyanate-based prepolymers.
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Zhang H, Liang R, Wang Q, Luan W, Ye J, Qiu T, Tuo X. The Post-Curing of Waterborne Polyurethane-Acrylate Composite Latex with the Dynamic Disulfide-Bearing Crosslinking Agent. Molecules 2023; 28:8122. [PMID: 38138610 PMCID: PMC10745677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a dynamic network for commodity polymer systems via feasible methods has been explored in the context of a society-wide focus on the environment and sustainability. Herein, we demonstrate an adaptive post-curing method used to build a self-healable network of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate (WPUA) composite latex. The composite latex was synthesized via the miniemulsion polymerization of acrylates in the dispersion of waterborne polyurethane (PU), with commercial acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM) serving as the functional monomer. Then, a dynamic disulfide (S-S)-bearing diamine was applied as the crosslinking agent for the post-curing of the hybrid latex via keto-amine condensation, which occurred during the evaporation of water for film formation. It was revealed that the microphase separation in the hybrid films was suppressed by the post-curing network. The mechanical performance exhibited a high reliability as regards the contents of the crosslinking agents. The reversible exchange of S-S bonds meant that the film displayed associative covalent-adaptive networks in the range of medium temperature in stress relaxation tests, and ≥95% recovery in both the stress and the strain was achieved after the cut-off films were self-healed at 70 °C for 2 h. The rebuilding of the network was also illustrated by the >80% recovery in the elongation at break of the films after three crushing-hot pressing cycles. These findings offer valuable insights, not only endowing the traditional WPUA with self-healing and reprocessing properties, but broadening the field of study of dynamic networks to polymer hybrid latex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Z.); (R.L.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Z.); (R.L.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qianshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Z.); (R.L.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenbo Luan
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Z.); (R.L.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Z.); (R.L.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Z.); (R.L.); (Q.W.); (W.L.)
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Synthesis and Application of Waterborne Polymer, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinlin Tuo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
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PEGylated strategy for new polyurethane construction and its effects in improving the dispersion stability of tebuconazole suspension concentrate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Kropidłowska P, Jurczyk-Kowalska M, Irzmańska E, Płociński T, Laskowski R. Effects of Composite Coatings Functionalized with Material Additives Applied on Textile Materials for Cut Resistant Protective Gloves. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226876. [PMID: 34832278 PMCID: PMC8620867 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of different types of particles added to a polymer paste applied onto a textile carrier on the cut resistance of the resulting material. Knitted aramid textile samples were coated in laboratory conditions using a polymer paste that was functionalized with 12 types of reinforcing particles of different chemical compositions and size fractions. Cut resistance was tested in accordance with the standard EN ISO 13997:1999 and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. The effects of additive particles on the microstructure of the polymeric layer were assessed by means of scanning electron microscopy. The type and size of the particles affected the cut resistance of the functionalized knitted fabric. They were also found to change the morphology of the porous structure. Composite coatings containing the smallest additive particles exhibited the best cut resistance properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kropidłowska
- Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, 48 Wierzbowa, 90-133 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Jurczyk-Kowalska
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Woloska, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.-K.); (T.P.)
| | - Emilia Irzmańska
- Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, 48 Wierzbowa, 90-133 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Tomasz Płociński
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Woloska, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.-K.); (T.P.)
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Zhang J, Yang J, Li Q, Ding J, Liu L, Sun T, Li H. Preparation of WPU-based super-amphiphobic coatings functionalized by in situ modified SiO x particles and their anti-biofilm mechanism. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7504-7521. [PMID: 34643189 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of anti-wetting coatings with anti-biofouling and anti-biofilm properties has become a hot spot of attention in recent years. However, the anti-biofilm mechanism of anti-bacterial adhesion coatings with different wet resistance properties has not been explored in detail. In this work, SiOx micro-nano particles were prepared by the Stöber method and were in situ modified. The SiOx/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coatings were prepared by the drop coating method, and the coatings with different hydrophobic and oleophobic properties were constructed by modifying the process conditions using SiOx micro-nano particles as the roughness construction factor. Taking the dominant spoilage bacteria of aquatic products, Shewanella putrefaciens as the object, the anti-bacterial adhesion properties and anti-biofilm mechanism of the SiOx/WPU coatings were investigated. The results show that, with the unmodified SiOx particles increasing from 1.2% (w/V) to 4.0% (w/V), the hydrophobicity and thermal stability of the SiOx/WPU coatings are significantly enhanced, but the oil repellency becomes worse due to the mesoporous structure. After SiOx micro-nano particles are modified with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane (PFOTS), the surface energy of the SiOx/WPU coatings is decreased, the liquid repellency is improved, and the surfaces are rough with the appearance of fluorocarbon compounds, but the thermal stabilities are slightly reduced. Among them, after the secondary modification of SiOx micro-nano particles, the SiOx/WPU coatings showed excellent oil repellency, lower surface energies and higher fluorocarbon content on the surface. Particularly, SiOx/WPU coatings exhibited super-amphiphobicity after adjusting the amount of concentrated ammonia added during the secondary modification process. Meanwhile, we found that for the hydrophobic SiOx/WPU coatings, the stronger the oleophobic property, the greater the anti-bacterial adhesion ability is, while the anti-bacterial adhesion ability of hydrophobic and selectively oleophobic or superhydrophobic and oleophobic SiOx/WPU coatings is poor than that of amphiphilic SiOx/WPU coatings. However, because the super-amphiphobic SiOx/WPU coatings can be in the Cassie state with the bacterial solution for a long time, it can "capture" enough air to inhibit the irreversible adhesion of the bacteria. More importantly, the coatings can also inhibit the metabolic activity, secretion of extracellular polysaccharides, and activities of ATPase and AKP of the adherent bacteria, so it has a better anti-biofilm property. The anti-biofilm coatings can be used as food packaging materials or coated on the inner surface of packaging boxes to prevent the microbial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatao Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Junyi Yang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Qiuying Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Jie Ding
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Liangjun Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Tong Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Hehe Li
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Gobert SR, Vancleef A, Clercx S, Braeken L, Thomassen LCJ. Continuous Production of Water-Based UV-Curable Polyurethane Dispersions Using Static Mixers and a Rotor-Stator Mixer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25884-25891. [PMID: 34660951 PMCID: PMC8515374 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UV-curable polyurethane dispersions (UV-PUDs) have applications in coatings for a variety of materials. Historically, the neutralization and dispersion steps of the UV-PUD production process have been performed in batch. However, continuous processing might reduce capital and operating costs, improve the dispersion characteristics, and facilitate scale-up. Static mixers and inline high-shear mixers are able to provide the necessary shear forces to obtain miniemulsions. The production of a UV-PUD is therefore studied in a continuous setup, whereby the neutralization step is performed in static mixers and the dispersion step is performed either in static mixers or in a high-shear mixer. The influence of the prepolymer temperature, mixing energy, and feed flow rate on the particle size and stability of the UV-PUD particles in water is explored. The results show that the neutralization step is mixing-sensitive, and the temperature of the neutralized prepolymer influences the particle size in the dispersion process. The amount of shear force applied during the dispersion step has a limited effect on the particle size. UV-PU dispersions with an average particle size below 80 nm and PDI below 0.1 are obtained with static mixers or in an inline rotor-stator mixer, at flow rates of 5.2 and 7.2 L/h, respectively. This research demonstrates that continuous processing using static mixers and high-shear mixing is a viable option for the neutralization and dispersion of UV-PUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Si
- Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Polymer Research, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Institute for Polymer Research, Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
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Patti A, Costa F, Perrotti M, Barbarino D, Acierno D. Polyurethane Impregnation for Improving the Mechanical and the Water Resistance of Polypropylene-Based Textiles. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081951. [PMID: 33924577 PMCID: PMC8068850 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Commercial waterborne polyurethane (PU) dispersions, different in chemistry and selected on the basis of eco-friendly components, have been applied to a common polypropylene (PP)-based woven fabric. Impregnation has been chosen as a textile treatment for improving the features of basic technical textiles in light of potential applicability in luggage and bag production. The effect of drying method, performed under conditions achieved by varying the process temperature and pressure, on the features of the treated textiles, has been verified. The prepared specimens were characterized in terms of mechanical behavior (tensile, tear and abrasion resistance) and water resistance (surface wettability and hydrostatic pressure throughout the treated textiles). The experimental results suggest an incremental improvement of the tensile features for all the investigated specimens. For tear strength, no augmentation compared to that of the neat textile, could be verified as a consequence of polyurethane treatment. Remarkable improvements of abrasion resistance were displayed for all the impregnated PP textiles. Benefits in water resistance could be attributed to the presence of hydrophobic PU in the textile weaving of the PP samples. The ultimate improvement in water resistance was dependent on drying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Patti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAr), University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (D.A.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- Kuvera Spa, Interporto di Nola-Lotto H, 80035 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Marta Perrotti
- Kuvera Spa, Interporto di Nola-Lotto H, 80035 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Barbarino
- Kuvera Spa, Interporto di Nola-Lotto H, 80035 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (M.P.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Acierno
- CRdC Nuove Tecnologie per le Attività Produttive Scarl, Via Nuova Agnano 11, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (D.A.)
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Madbouly SA. Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersions and Thin Films: Biodegradation and Antimicrobial Behaviors. Molecules 2021; 26:961. [PMID: 33670378 PMCID: PMC7918248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable and antimicrobial waterborne polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) and their casted solid films have recently emerged as important alternatives to their solvent-based and non-biodegradable counterparts for various applications due to their versatility, health, and environmental friendliness. The nanoscale morphology of the PUDs, dispersion stability, and the thermomechanical properties of the solid films obtained from the solvent cast process are strongly dependent on several important parameters, such as the preparation method, polyols, diisocyanates, solid content, chain extension, and temperature. The biodegradability, biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties and biomedical applications can be tailored based on the nature of the polyols, polarity, as well as structure and concentration of the internal surfactants (anionic or cationic). This review article provides an important quantitative experimental basis and structure evolution for the development and synthesis of biodegradable waterborne PUDs and their solid films, with prescribed macromolecular properties and new functions, with the aim of understanding the relationships between polymer structure, properties, and performance. The review article will also summarize the important variables that control the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation kinetics, as well as antimicrobial and biocompatibility behaviors of aqueous PUDs and their films, for certain industrial and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A. Madbouly
- School of Engineering, Behrend College, Pennsylvania State University, Erie, PA 16563, USA; ; Tel.: +814-595-7169
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean C Webster
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials North Dakota State University PO Box 6050, Dept 2760 Fargo ND 58108 USA
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11
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The Influence of Nanofiller Shape and Nature on the Functional Properties of Waterborne Poly(urethane-urea) Nanocomposite Films. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092001. [PMID: 32887525 PMCID: PMC7565782 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of waterborne polycarbonate-based poly(urethane-urea) nanocomposite films were prepared and characterized. An isocyanate excess of 30 mol% with respect to the hydroxyl groups was used in the procedure, omitting the chain-extension step of the acetone process in the dispersion preparation. The individual steps of the synthesis of the poly(urethane-urea) matrix were followed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The nanofillers (1 wt% in the final nanocomposite) differed in nature and shape. Starch, graphene oxide and nanocellulose were used as representatives of organic nanofillers, while halloysite, montmorillonite, nanosilica and hydroxyapatite were used as representatives of inorganic nanofillers. Moreover, the fillers differed in their shape and average particle size. The films were characterized by a set of methods to obtain the tensile, thermal and surface properties of the nanocomposites as well as the internal arrangement of the nanoparticles in the nanocomposite film. The degradation process was evaluated at 37 °C in a H2O2 + CoCl2 solution.
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12
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Han X, Gao J, Chen Z, Tang X, Zhao Y, Chen T. Correlation between microstructure and properties of graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane composites investigated by positron annihilation spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32436-32442. [PMID: 35516512 PMCID: PMC9056613 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05872f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A quantitative description of microstructure is highly desirable for the precise construction of high performance graphene based polymer composites. In this paper, the effects of doping graphene oxide (GO) on the microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane (GO/WPU) composites were systematically investigated. In order to give a deep insight into the microstructure of GO/WPU composites, especially for the relative free volume fraction (fr) and interfacial interaction intensity (β), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was employed for its quantitative characterization. With the increase of GO content, the fr decreased first and then increased, the lowest value was observed for the composites containing 0.5 wt% GO. This can be ascribed to the change in the dispersed state of GO and interfacial interactions, which agree well with the results of SEM. The correlation between microstructure and properties was established with the PALS results, the values of fr and β give a good explanation of the variation in glass transition temperature and tensile strength, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative descriptions of interfacial interactions for graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane composites.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials
- Hubei Collaboration Innovative Center for Nonpower Nuclear Technology
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437100
| | - Jie Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials
- Hubei Collaboration Innovative Center for Nonpower Nuclear Technology
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437100
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials
- Hubei Collaboration Innovative Center for Nonpower Nuclear Technology
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437100
| | - Xiuqin Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials
- Hubei Collaboration Innovative Center for Nonpower Nuclear Technology
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437100
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials
- Hubei Collaboration Innovative Center for Nonpower Nuclear Technology
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437100
| | - Tao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials
- Hubei Collaboration Innovative Center for Nonpower Nuclear Technology
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology
- Hubei University of Science and Technology
- Xianning 437100
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Patti A, Acierno D. The Puncture and Water Resistance of Polyurethane- Impregnated Fabrics after UV Weathering. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:polym12010015. [PMID: 31861662 PMCID: PMC7022708 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane is a polymer adaptable to different scientific and industrial requirements; nevertheless it is also extremely susceptible to UV radiation, which compromises the physical and mechanical functionality. In this framework, our study investigated the effect of waterborne polyurethane dispersion (WPUD) applied to a polyester (PET)-based fabric, through the impregnation method, on the puncturing and water resistance of the pristine material, before and after UV weathering. Results confirmed an increment of both features in the prepared fabrics, attributed to the PUR textile treatment; but a partially loss of the gained properties in the samples due to the UV weathering. In order to improve the efficiency of the impregnating dispersions, in protecting the durability of the treated materials, the addition of different UV light stabilizers, or/and of crosslinking agent into WPUD was also tested. From the experimental data, it can be concluded that formulations based on WPUD, containing both the crosslinker and UV organic absorber, have displayed an increment of their perforation and water resistance for the treated samples with respect to the starting textile, and contemporary have preserved the features against the UV light. Finally, microscopic and spectroscopic analyses have been performed as further characterization techniques of the samples surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Patti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Domenico Acierno
- CRdC Nuove Tecnologie per le Attività Produttive Scarl, Via Nuova Agnano 11, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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14
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Mehravar S, Ballard N, Tomovska R, Asua JM. Polyurethane/Acrylic Hybrid Waterborne Dispersions: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samane Mehravar
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
| | - Nicholas Ballard
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - José M. Asua
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
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15
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Brock
- Coatings – Chemistry and Technology Huerth Germany
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