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Naqvi M, Utheim TP, Charnock C. Whole genome sequencing and characterization of Corynebacterium isolated from the healthy and dry eye ocular surface. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:368. [PMID: 39342108 PMCID: PMC11438203 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to characterize Corynebacterium isolated from the ocular surface of dry eye disease patients and healthy controls. We aimed to investigate the pathogenic potential of these isolates in relation to ocular surface health. To this end, we performed whole genome sequencing in combination with biochemical, enzymatic, and antibiotic susceptibility tests. In addition, we employed deferred growth inhibition assays to examine how Corynebacterium isolates may impact the growth of potentially competing microorganisms including the ocular pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as other Corynebacterium present on the eye. RESULTS The 23 isolates were found to belong to 8 different species of Corynebacterium with genomes ranging from 2.12 mega base pairs in a novel Corynebacterium sp. to 2.65 mega base pairs in C. bovis. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of a range of antimicrobial targets present in all isolates. Pangenome analysis showed the presence of 516 core genes and that the pangenome is open. Phenotypic characterization showed variously urease, lipase, mucinase, protease and DNase activity in some isolates. Attention was particularly drawn to a potentially new or novel Corynebacterium species which had the smallest genome, and which produced a range of hydrolytic enzymes. Strikingly the isolate inhibited in vitro the growth of a range of possible pathogenic bacteria as well as other Corynebacterium isolates. The majority of Corynebacterium species included in this study did not seem to possess canonical pathogenic activity. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first reported genomic and biochemical characterization of ocular Corynebacterium. A number of potential virulence factors were identified which may have direct relevance for ocular health and contribute to the finding of our previous report on the ocular microbiome, where it was shown that DNA libraries were often dominated by members of this genus. Particularly interesting in this regard was the observation that some Corynebacterium, particularly new or novel Corynebacterium sp. can inhibit the growth of other ocular Corynebacterium as well as known pathogens of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Naqvi
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Postbox 4, St. Olavs Plass, Oslo, 0130, Norway.
| | - Tor P Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Ole Vigs gate 32 E, Oslo, 0366, Norway
| | - Colin Charnock
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Postbox 4, St. Olavs Plass, Oslo, 0130, Norway
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Ray D, Anand U, Jha NK, Korzeniewska E, Bontempi E, Proćków J, Dey A. The soil bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, from biosynthesis of value-added products to bioremediation: A master of many trades. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113622. [PMID: 35710026 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ever since its discovery in 1957, Corynebacterium glutamicum has become a well-established industrial strain and is known for its massive capability of producing various amino acids (like L-lysine and L-glutamate) and other value-added chemicals. With the rising demand for these bio-based products, the revelation of the whole genome sequences of the wild type strains, and the astounding advancements made in the fields of metabolic engineering and systems biology, our perspective of C. glutamicum has been revolutionized and has expanded our understanding of its strain development. With these advancements, a new era for C. glutamicum supremacy in the field of industrial biotechnology began. This led to remarkable progress in the enhancement of tailor-made over-producing strains and further development of the substrate spectrum of the bacterium, to easily accessible, economical, and renewable resources. C. glutamicum has also been metabolically engineered and used in the degradation/assimilation of highly toxic and ubiquitous environmental contaminant, arsenic, present in water or soil. Here, we review the history, current knowledge, progress, achievements, and future trends relating to the versatile metabolic factory, C. glutamicum. This review paper is devoted to C. glutamicum which is one of the leading industrial microbes, and one of the most promising and versatile candidates to be developed. It can be used not only as a platform microorganism to produce different value-added chemicals and recombinant proteins, but also as a tool for bioremediation, allowing to enhance specific properties, for example in situ bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Ray
- Department of Microbiology, St. Aloysius' College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482001, India.
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ewa Korzeniewska
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Schwenker JA, Friedrichsen M, Waschina S, Bang C, Franke A, Mayer R, Hölzel CS. Bovine milk microbiota: Evaluation of different DNA extraction protocols for challenging samples. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1275. [PMID: 35478279 PMCID: PMC9059235 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of an adequate protocol that accurately extracts microbial DNA from bovine milk samples is of importance for downstream analysis such as 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Although sequencing platforms such as Illumina are very common, there are reservations concerning reproducibility in challenging samples that combine low bacterial loads with high amounts of host DNA. The objective of this study was to evaluate six different DNA extraction protocols applied to four different prototype milk samples (low/high level of colony‐forming units [cfu] and somatic cells). DNA extracts were sequenced on Illumina MiSeq with primers for the hypervariable regions V1V2 and V3V4. Different protocols were evaluated by analyzing the yield and purity of DNA extracts and the number of clean reads after sequencing. Three protocols with the highest median number of clean reads were selected. To assess reproducibility, these extraction replicates were resequenced in triplicates (n = 120). The most reproducible results for α‐ and β‐diversity were obtained with the modified DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit after a chemical pretreatment plus resuspension of the cream fraction. The unmodified QIAamp DNA Mini kit performed particularly weak in the sample representing unspecific mastitis. These results suggest that pretreatment in combination with the modified DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit is useful in extracting microbial DNA from challenging milk samples. To increase reproducibility, we recommend that duplicates, if not triplicates, should be sequenced. We showed that high counts of somatic cells challenged DNA extraction, which shapes the need to apply modified extraction protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Schwenker
- Department for Animal Hygiene and Health, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Germany
| | - Meike Friedrichsen
- Department for Animal Hygiene and Health, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Germany
| | - Silvio Waschina
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Nutriinformatics Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Germany
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Germany
| | - Ricarda Mayer
- Department of Veterinary Sciences Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich Oberschleißheim Germany
- GNA Biosolutions GmbH Martinsried Germany
| | - Christina S. Hölzel
- Department for Animal Hygiene and Health, Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry Christian‐Albrechts‐University Kiel Germany
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Möller J, Schorlemmer S, Hofmann J, Burkovski A. Cellular and Extracellular Proteome of the Animal Pathogen Corynebacterium silvaticum, a Close Relative of Zoonotic Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8030019. [PMID: 32806579 PMCID: PMC7564913 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium silvaticum is a newly described animal pathogen, closely related to the emerging human pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, a major pathogen of small ruminants. In this study, proteins of a whole cell and a shaving fraction and the exoproteome of C. silvaticum strain W25 were analyzed as a first proteome study of this species. In total, 1305 proteins were identified out of 2013 proteins encoded by the W25 genome sequence and number of putative virulence factors were detected already under standard growth conditions including phospholipase D and sialidase. An up to now uncharacterized trypsin-like protease is by far the most secreted protein in this species, indicating a putative role in pathogenicity. Furthermore, the proteome analyses carried out in this study support the recently published taxonomical delineation of C. silvaticum from the closely related zoonotic Corynebacterium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Möller
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Svenja Schorlemmer
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Andreas Burkovski
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (J.M.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-28086
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Tischler D, van Berkel WJH, Fraaije MW. Editorial: Actinobacteria, a Source of Biocatalytic Tools. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:800. [PMID: 31040839 PMCID: PMC6477052 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Tischler
- Microbial Biotechnology, Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Willem J H van Berkel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco W Fraaije
- Molecular Enzymology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6020018. [PMID: 29673200 PMCID: PMC6027474 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging pathogen, which is increasingly recognized as an etiological agent of diphtheria, but can also evoke ulcers of the skin and systemic infections in humans. Besides man, the bacteria can colonize a wide variety of different animals, including cattle and pet animals, which might serve as a reservoir for human infections. In this study, surface-located proteins and the exoproteome of two Corynebacterium ulcerans strains were analyzed, since these may have key roles in the interaction of the pathogen with host cells. Strain 809 was isolated from a fatal case of human respiratory tract infection, while strain BR-AD22 was isolated from a nasal swap of an asymptomatic dog. While a very similar pattern of virulence factors was observed in the culture supernatant and surface protein fractions of the two strains, proteome analyses revealed a higher stability of 809 cells compared to strain BR-AD22. During exponential growth, 17% of encoded proteins of strain 809 were detectable in the medium, while 38% of the predicted proteins encoded by the BR-AD22 chromosome were found. Furthermore, the data indicate differential expression of phospholipase D and a cell wall-associated hydrolase, since these were only detected in strain BR-AD22.
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Wang X, Zhang H, Quinn PJ. Production of l-valine from metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:4319-4330. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Usuda Y, Hara Y, Kojima H. Toward Sustainable Amino Acid Production. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 159:289-304. [PMID: 27872964 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because the global amino acid production industry has been growing steadily and is expected to grow even more in the future, efficient production by fermentation is of great importance from economic and sustainability viewpoints. Many systems biology technologies, such as genome breeding, omics analysis, metabolic flux analysis, and metabolic simulation, have been employed for the improvement of amino acid-producing strains of bacteria. Synthetic biological approaches have recently been applied to strain development. It is also important to use sustainable carbon sources, such as glycerol or pyrolytic sugars from cellulosic biomass, instead of conventional carbon sources, such as glucose or sucrose, which can be used as food. Furthermore, reduction of sub-raw substrates has been shown to lead to reduction of environmental burdens and cost. Recently, a new fermentation system for glutamate production under acidic pH was developed to decrease the amount of one sub-raw material, ammonium, for maintenance of culture pH. At the same time, the utilization of fermentation coproducts, such as cells, ammonium sulfate, and fermentation broth, is a useful approach to decrease waste. In this chapter, further perspectives for future amino acid fermentation from one-carbon compounds are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Usuda
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co. Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiko Hara
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukicho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukicho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
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9
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Toyoda K, Inui M. Regulons of global transcription factors in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:45-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Ivanov K, Stoimenova A, Obreshkova D, Saso L. Biotechnology in the Production of Pharmaceutical Industry Ingredients: Amino Acids. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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11
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Lacombe A, Li RW, Klimis-Zacas D, Kristo AS, Tadepalli S, Krauss E, Young R, Wu VCH. Lowbush wild blueberries have the potential to modify gut microbiota and xenobiotic metabolism in the rat colon. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67497. [PMID: 23840722 PMCID: PMC3696070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is populated by an array of microbial species that play an important role in metabolic and immune functions. The composition of microorganisms is influenced by the components of the host's diet and can impact health. In the present study, dietary enrichment of lowbush wild blueberries (LWB) was examined to determine their effect on colon microbial composition and their potential in promoting gut health. The microbial composition and functional potential of the colon microbiota from Sprague Dawley rats fed control diets (AIN93) and LWB-enriched diets (AIN93+8% LWB powder substituting for dextrose) for 6 weeks were assessed using Illumina shotgun sequencing and bioinformatics tools. Our analysis revealed an alteration in the relative abundance of 3 phyla and 22 genera as representing approximately 14 and 8% of all phyla and genera identified, respectively. The LWB-enriched diet resulted in a significant reduction in the relative abundance of the genera Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. In addition, hierarchal analysis revealed a significant increase in the relative abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria, the order Actinomycetales, and several novel genera under the family Bifidobacteriaceae and Coriobacteriaceae, in the LWB group. Functional annotation of the shotgun sequences suggested that approximately 9% of the 4709 Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) hits identified were impacted by the LWB-diet. Open Reading Frames (ORFs) assigned to KEGG category xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism were significantly greater in the LWB-enriched diet compared to the control and included the pathway for benzoate degradation [PATH:ko00362] and glycosaminoglycan degradation [PATH:ko00531]. Moreover, the number of ORFs assigned to the bacterial invasion of epithelial cells [PATH:ko05100] pathway was approximately 8 fold lower in the LWB group compared to controls. This study demonstrated that LWBs have the potential to promote gut health and can aid in the development of optimal diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Lacombe
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Robert W. Li
- United States Department of Agriculture ARS, BARC, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Aleksandra S. Kristo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Shravani Tadepalli
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Emily Krauss
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Ryan Young
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
| | - Vivian C. H. Wu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America
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Proteome-wide selected reaction monitoring assays for the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. Nat Commun 2013; 3:1301. [PMID: 23250431 PMCID: PMC3535367 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SRM-MS) is a targeted proteomics technology used to identify and quantify proteins with high sensitivity, specificity and high reproducibility. Execution of SRM-MS relies on protein-specific SRM assays, a set of experimental parameters that requires considerable effort to develop. Here we present a proteome-wide SRM assay repository for the gram-positive human pathogen group A Streptococcus. Using a multi-layered approach we generated SRM assays for 10,412 distinct group A Streptococcus peptides followed by extensive testing of the selected reaction monitoring assays in >200 different group A Streptococcus protein pools. Based on the number of SRM assay observations we created a rule-based selected reaction monitoring assay-scoring model to select the most suitable assays per protein for a given cellular compartment and bacterial state. The resource described here represents an important tool for deciphering the group A Streptococcus proteome using selected reaction monitoring and we anticipate that concepts described here can be extended to other pathogens. Selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SRM-MS) can quantify dynamic changes in protein expression with high sensitivity. Karlsson et al. define optimal detection parameters for 10,412 distinct group A Streptococcus pyogenes peptides, which facilitates proteome-wide SRM-MS studies in this bacterium.
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An SJ, Yim SS, Jeong KJ. Development of a secretion system for the production of heterologous proteins in Corynebacterium glutamicum using the Porin B signal peptide. Protein Expr Purif 2013; 89:251-7. [PMID: 23597779 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is one of the useful hosts for the secretory production of heterologous proteins because of intrinsic attributes such as the presence of few endogenous proteins and proteases in culture medium. Here, we report the development of a new secretory system for the production of heterologous proteins by using the porin B (PorB) signal peptide in C. glutamicum. We examined two different endoxylanases and an antibody fragment (scFv) as model proteins for secretory production. In the flask cultivations, all the examined proteins were successfully produced as active forms into the culture medium with high efficiency. For the high-level production of endoxylanase, fed-batch cultivation was also performed in a lab-scale (5L) bioreactor, and the endoxylanases were efficiently secreted in the culture medium at levels as high as 615mg/L. From the culture supernatant, the secreted endoxylanases could be purified with high purity via one-step affinity column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ji An
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Global relative and absolute quantitation in microbial proteomics. Curr Opin Microbiol 2012; 15:364-72. [PMID: 22445110 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic studies are designed to yield either qualitative information on proteins (identification, distribution, posttranslational modifications, interactions, structure and function) or quantitative information (abundance, distribution within different localizations, temporal changes in abundance due to synthesis and degradation or both). To this end these studies can draw upon a wide range of qualitative and quantitative gel-based and gel-free techniques. This review summarizes current proteomic workflows for global relative or absolute protein quantitation and their application in microbial physiology.
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Chao TC, Hansmeier N. The current state of microbial proteomics: Where we are and where we want to go. Proteomics 2012; 12:638-50. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Foley P, Kermanshahi pour A, Beach ES, Zimmerman JB. Derivation and synthesis of renewable surfactants. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:1499-518. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15217c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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