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Deng Z, Dai T, Zhang W, Zhu J, Luo XM, Fu D, Liu J, Wang H. Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Increases the Adhesion of Lactobacillus reuteri to Host Mucin to Enhance Probiotic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9756. [PMID: 33371288 PMCID: PMC7766874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to adhere to the intestinal mucus layer is an important property of probiotic bacteria. Lactobacillus reuteri strains ZJ615 and ZJ617 show low and high adhesion, respectively, to intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we quantified bacterial cell wall-associated glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases (cw-GAPDH) and bacterial cell membrane permeability in both strains using immunoblotting and flow cytometry, respectively. Highly adhesive L. reuteri ZJ617 possessed significantly more cw-GAPDH, higher cell membrane permeability, and significantly higher adhesive ability toward mucin compared with low-adhesive L. reuteri ZJ615. In vitro adhesion studies and analysis of interaction kinetics using the Octet, the system revealed significantly decreased interaction between L. reuteri and mucin when mucin was oxidized when bacterial surface proteins were removed when bacteria were heat-inactivated at 80 °C for 30 min, and when the interaction was blocked with an anti-GAPDH antibody. SWISS-MODEL analysis suggested intensive interactions between mucin glycans (GalNAcα1-O-Ser, GalNAcαSer, and Galβ3GalNAc) and GAPDH. Furthermore, in vivo studies revealed significantly higher numbers of bacteria adhering to the jejunum, ileum, and colon of piglets orally inoculated with L. reuteri ZJ617 compared with those inoculated with L. reuteri ZJ615; this led to a significantly decreased rate of diarrhea in piglets inoculated with L. reuteri ZJ617. In conclusion, there are strong correlations among the abundance of cw-GAPDH in L. reuteri, the ability of the bacterium to adhere to the host, and the health benefits of this probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxi Deng
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.D.); (T.D.); (W.Z.); (D.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Tian Dai
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.D.); (T.D.); (W.Z.); (D.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Wenming Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.D.); (T.D.); (W.Z.); (D.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Junli Zhu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China;
| | - Xin M. Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA;
| | - Dongyan Fu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.D.); (T.D.); (W.Z.); (D.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianxin Liu
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.D.); (T.D.); (W.Z.); (D.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Haifeng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.D.); (T.D.); (W.Z.); (D.F.); (J.L.)
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Bengoa AA, Zavala L, Carasi P, Trejo SA, Bronsoms S, Serradell MDLÁ, Garrote GL, Abraham AG. Simulated gastrointestinal conditions increase adhesion ability of Lactobacillus paracasei strains isolated from kefir to Caco-2 cells and mucin. Food Res Int 2017; 103:462-467. [PMID: 29389636 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal conditions along the digestive tract are the main stress to which probiotics administrated orally are exposed because they must survive these adverse conditions and arrive alive to the intestine. Adhesion to epithelium has been considered one of the key criteria for the characterization of probiotics because it extends their residence time in the intestine and as a consequence, can influence the health of the host by modifying the local microbiota or modulating the immune response. Nevertheless, there are very few reports on the adhesion properties to epithelium and mucus of microorganisms after passing through the gastrointestinal tract. In the present work, we evaluate the adhesion ability in vitro of L. paracasei strains isolated from kefir grains after acid and bile stress and we observed that they survive simulated gastrointestinal passage in different levels depending on the strain. L. paracasei CIDCA 8339, 83120 and 83123 were more resistant than L. paracasei CIDCA 83121 and 83124, with a higher susceptibility to simulated gastric conditions. Proteomic analysis of L. paracasei subjected to acid and bile stress revealed that most of the proteins that were positively regulated correspond to the glycolytic pathway enzymes, with an overall effect of stress on the activation of the energy source. Moreover, it is worth to remark that after gastrointestinal passage, L. paracasei strains have increased their ability to adhere to mucin and epithelial cells in vitro being this factor of relevance for maintenance of the strain in the gut environment to exert its probiotic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Agustina Bengoa
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, CIC.PBA, 47 y 116, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Zavala
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, CIC.PBA, 47 y 116, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Carasi
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Dpto. Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Alejandro Trejo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE); Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, CIC; 526 y Camino Gral Belgrano, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, España
| | | | - María de Los Ángeles Serradell
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Dpto. Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Liliana Garrote
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, CIC.PBA, 47 y 116, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Graciela Abraham
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT La Plata, CIC.PBA, 47 y 116, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Área Bioquímica y Control de Alimentos, Dpto. Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata; 47 y 115, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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