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Ren X, Zhang Q, Guo W, Wang L, Wu T, Zhang W, Liu M, Kong D. Cell-cycle and apoptosis related and proteomics-based signaling pathways of human hepatoma Huh-7 cells treated by three currently used multi-RTK inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944893. [PMID: 36071844 PMCID: PMC9444053 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, lenvatinib and regorafenib, the multi-RTK inhibitors with potent anti-angiogenesis effects, are currently therapeutic drugs generally recommended for the patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, however, there have been no published studies on the mechanism underling differential effects of the three drugs on HCC cell proliferation, and the proteomic analysis in HCC cell lines treated by regorafenib or lenvatinib. The present study for the first time performed a direct comparison of the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in the Huh-7 cells caused by sorafenib, regorafenib and lenvatinib at respective IC50 using flow cytometry technique, as well as their pharmacological interventions for influencing whole cell proteomics using tandem mass tag-based peptide-labeling coupled with the nLC-HRMS technique. Sorafenib, regorafenib and lenvatinib at respective IC50 drove the remaining surviving Huh-7 cells into a G0/G1 arrest, but lenvatinib and regorafenib were much more effective than sorafenib. Lenvatinib produced a much stronger induction of Huh-7 cells into early apoptosis than sorafenib and regorafenib, while necrotic cell proportion induced by regorafenib was 2.4 times as large as that by lenvatinib. The proteomic study revealed 419 proteins downregulated commonly by the three drugs at respective IC50. KEGG pathway analysis of the downregulated proteins indicated the ranking of top six signaling pathways including the spliceosome, DNA replication, cell cycle, mRNA surveillance, P53 and nucleotide excision repair involved in 33 proteins, all of which were directly related to their pharmacological effects on cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Notably, lenvatinib and regorafenib downregulated the proteins of PCNA, Cyclin B1, BCL-xL, TSP1, BUD31, SF3A1 and Mad2 much more strongly than sorafenib. Moreover, most of the proteins in the P53 signaling pathway were downregulated with lenvatinib and regorafenib by more than 36% at least. In conclusion, lenvatinib and regorafenib have much stronger potency against Huh-7 cell proliferation than sorafenib because of their more potent effects on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. The underling mechanism may be at least due to the 33 downregulated proteins centralizing the signal pathways of cell cycle, p53 and DNA synthesis based on the present proteomics study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingning Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenyan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Dezhi Kong,
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Dezhi Kong,
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2
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Nguyen TT, Dammer EB, Owino SA, Giddens MM, Madaras NS, Duong DM, Seyfried NT, Hall RA. Quantitative Proteomics Reveal an Altered Pattern of Protein Expression in Brain Tissue from Mice Lacking GPR37 and GPR37L1. J Proteome Res 2021; 19:744-755. [PMID: 31903766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
GPR37 and GPR37L1 are glia-enriched G protein-coupled receptors that have been implicated in several neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. To gain insight into the potential molecular mechanisms by which GPR37 and GPR37L1 regulate cellular physiology, proteomic analyses of whole mouse brain tissue from wild-type (WT) versus GPR37/GPR37L1 double knockout (DKO) mice were performed in order to identify proteins regulated by the absence versus presence of these receptors (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD015202). These analyses revealed a number of proteins that were significantly increased or decreased by the absence of GPR37 and GPR37L1. One of the most decreased proteins in the DKO versus WT brain tissue was S100A5, a calcium-binding protein, and the reduction of S100A5 expression in KO brain tissue was validated via Western blot. Coexpression of S100A5 with either GPR37 or GPR37L1 in HEK293T cells did not result in any change in S100A5 expression but did robustly increase secretion of S100A5. To dissect the mechanism by which S100A5 secretion was enhanced, cells coexpressing S100A5 with the receptors were treated with different pharmacological reagents. These studies revealed that calcium is essential for the secretion of S100A5 downstream of GPR37 and GPR37L1 signaling, as treatment with BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, reduced S100A5 secretion from transfected HEK293T cells. Collectively, these findings provide a panoramic view of proteomic changes resulting from loss of GPR37 and GPR37L1 and also impart mechanistic insight into the regulation of S100A5 by these receptors, thereby shedding light on the functions of GPR37 and GPR37L1 in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- TrangKimberly Thu Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30345 , Georgia , United States
| | - Sharon A Owino
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Michelle M Giddens
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Nora S Madaras
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Duc M Duong
- Department of Biochemistry , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30345 , Georgia , United States
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30345 , Georgia , United States
| | - Randy A Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology , Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
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3
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Li L, Li J, Wang Q, Zhao X, Yang D, Niu L, Yang Y, Zheng X, Hu L, Li Y. Shenmai Injection Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Maintaining Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:815. [PMID: 32581790 PMCID: PMC7289952 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Shenmai injection (SMI), as a patented traditional Chinese medicine, is extracted from Panax ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus. It commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and in the control of cardiac toxicity induced by doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. However, its anti-cardiotoxicity mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mitochondrial protective mechanisms of SMI on DOX-induced myocardial injury. The cardioprotective effect of SMI against DOX-induced myocardial damage was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice and H9c2 cardiomyocytes. In vivo, myocardial injury, apoptosis and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB/Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) signaling pathway related proteins were measured. In vitro, apoptosis, mitochondrial superoxide, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial morphology, levels of mitochondrial fission/fusion associated proteins, mitochondrial respiratory function, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity were assessed. To further elucidate the regulating effects of SMI on AMPK and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway, compound C and LY294002 were utilized. In vivo, SMI decreased mortality rate, levels of creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-MB. SMI significantly prevented DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis, decreased levels of Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved-Caspase3, increased levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and p-GSK-3β. In vitro, SMI rescued DOX-injured H9c2 cardiomyocytes from apoptosis, excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and descending mitochondrial membrane potential, which were markedly suppressed by LY294002. SMI increased ratio of L-OPA1 to S-OPA1, levels of AMPK phosphorylation, and DRP1 phosphorylation (Ser637) in order to prevent DOX-induced excessive mitochondrial fission and insufficient mitochondrial fusion. In conclusion, SMI prevents DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, inhibits mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial fragmentation through activation of AMPK and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghao Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongli Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Niu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanze Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianxian Zheng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Limin Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Bai J, Liu Z, Liu J, Zhang S, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Ren L, Kong D. Mitochondrial metabolic study guided by proteomics analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells surviving long-term incubation with the highest dose of sorafenib. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12452-12475. [PMID: 31881007 PMCID: PMC6949094 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is the standard first-line systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the low objective response rates in clinical studies suggest the existence of certain HCC cells that are inherently insensitive to sorafenib. To understand the molecular basis of insensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib, this study developed 3 kinds of insensitive HCC cells through exposure to various concentrations of sorafenib and performed a quantitative proteome analysis of the surviving HepG2 cells. 520 unique proteins were concentration-dependently upregulated by sorafenib. Bioinformatics-assisted analysis of 520 proteins revealed that the metabolic pathways involved in central carbon metabolism were significantly enriched, and 102 mitochondrial proteins, especially components of the electron transport chain (ETC), were incrementally upregulated in the 3 kinds of insensitive cells. Conversely, we identified a rapid holistic inhibitory effect of sorafenib on mitochondrial function by the direct targeting of the complex I-linked electron transport and the uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXHPOS) in HCC cells. Core metabolic reprogramming involved in a compensatory upregulation of OXHPOS combined with elevated glycolysis supports the survival of HCC cells under the highest dose of sorafenib treatment. Altogether, our work thus elaborates an ETC inhibitor and unveils the proteomic landscape of metabolic reprogramming in drug insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Saihang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yueshan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Leiming Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Dezhi Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, China
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Shin SJ, Jeon SG, Kim JI, Jeong YO, Kim S, Park YH, Lee SK, Park HH, Hong SB, Oh S, Hwang JY, Kim HS, Park H, Nam Y, Lee YY, Kim JJ, Park SH, Kim JS, Moon M. Red Ginseng Attenuates Aβ-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Aβ-mediated Pathology in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3030. [PMID: 31234321 PMCID: PMC6627470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits. Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is known to be a major cause of AD pathogenesis. However, recent studies have clarified that mitochondrial deficiency is also a mediator or trigger for AD development. Interestingly, red ginseng (RG) has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on AD pathology. However, there is no evidence showing whether RG extract (RGE) can inhibit the mitochondrial deficit-mediated pathology in the experimental models of AD. The effects of RGE on Aβ-mediated mitochondrial deficiency were investigated in both HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and the brains of 5XFAD Aβ-overexpressing transgenic mice. To examine whether RGE can affect mitochondria-related pathology, we used immunohistostaining to study the effects of RGE on Aβ accumulation, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis in hippocampal formation of 5XFAD mice. In vitro and in vivo findings indicated that RGE significantly improves Aβ-induced mitochondrial pathology. In addition, RGE significantly ameliorated AD-related pathology, such as Aβ deposition, gliosis, and neuronal loss, and deficits in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in brains with AD. Our results suggest that RGE may be a mitochondria-targeting agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Seong Gak Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Jin-Il Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea.
| | - Yu-On Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Yong Ho Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Seong-Kyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Hyun Ha Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Sang Bum Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Sua Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Ji-Young Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - HyunHee Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Yunkwon Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Yong Yook Lee
- The Korean Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Gajeong-ro, Shinseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34128, Korea.
| | - Jwa-Jin Kim
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea.
| | - Sun-Hyun Park
- R&D center for Advanced Pharmaceuticals & Evaluation, Korea Institute of toxicology, 141, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea.
| | - Jong-Seok Kim
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
| | - Minho Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.
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