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Teirlinck CH, Verhagen AP, van Ravesteyn LM, Reijneveld-van de Vendel EA, Runhaar J, van Middelkoop M, Ferreira ML, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA. Effect of exercise therapy in patients with hip osteoarthritis: A systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2023; 5:100338. [PMID: 36817089 PMCID: PMC9932106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2023.100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the existing evidence on the effect of exercise therapy in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA) compared to no treatment and explore whether a further trial will change the current evidence. Design Systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis using randomized controlled trials (RCT) to determine the effect on pain and function post-treatment, and at 6-9 months after treatment. Standardized mean difference (SMD) ≤ -0.37 was considered clinically worthwhile. Extended funnel plots were used to simulate the impact of a new trial on the pooled effect size of pain and function. Results 18 RCTs were included. Post-treatment we found a beneficial effect of exercise therapy on pain (SMD -0.38, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.55 to -0.22) and function (SMD -0.31, 95% CI -0.49 to -0.11). A beneficial effect of exercise therapy on pain (SMD -0.23, 95% CI: 0.41 to -0.05) and function (SMD -0.29, 95% CI: 0.45 to -0.12) was found 6-9 months after treatment. Most effect estimates were small, and it is unclear whether these are clinically meaningful. Extended funnel plots and a simulation of a new trial showed that only a new trial with a larger effect than the current pooled effect or a trial including 74,843 participants would change the pooled effect estimate from an unclear to a clearly clinically worthwhile effect. Conclusions We found a beneficial effect of exercise therapy on pain and function in hip OA. It is unlikely a new trial added to current evidence will change the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien H. Teirlinck
- Dept. General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arianne P. Verhagen
- Dept. General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Jos Runhaar
- Dept. General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Manuela L. Ferreira
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, The Kolling Institute, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Hayashi K, Tsunoda T, Tobo Y, Ichikawa F, Shimose T. Effects of pericapsular soft tissue and realignment exercises for patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and Harris Hip Score below 60 points. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:1567-1578. [PMID: 35694906 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2088716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of pericapsular soft tissue and realignment (PSTR) exercises for patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and Harris Hip Score (HHS) below 60 points. Most previous studies of hip exercise have not been applied for patients with moderate to severe hip OA, especially those with an HHS below 60 points. Most studies of hip exercise in OA have involved muscle strength training, stretching, functional training and aerobic fitness programs, and have not included pelvic realignment exercise. We investigated the effect of pelvic realignment exercise for patients with hip OA and HHS below 60 points. METHODS Design: multicenter, prospective, observational, single-arm study. Setting: clinical examination on an outpatient basis. Participants: 193 patients with hip OA and HHS below 60 points. Interventions: patient education and supervised PSTR exercises. Outcome measures: primary outcome: HHS; secondary outcomes: changes in numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, abduction of range of motion, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test within 30 min after PSTR exercises at baseline and other six items, full analysis set (FAS, all participants who performed PSTR exercises) and subgroup analysis (participants with minimal joint space (MJS) of 0 mm at baseline). RESULTS FAS analysis (N = 193): significant differences in HHS were found between baseline and 3 month follow-up, and between baseline and 6 month follow-up in the Unilateral and Bilateral OA groups (p < .001). All mean differences were within the 95% confidence interval. Significant improvement in NRS scores, abduction of range of motion, and TUG test within 30 min after PSTR exercises were found at baseline (p < .001). Subgroup analysis (N = 130): the results revealed significant differences (p < .001) in HHS and NRS, abduction of range of motion and TUG test within 30 min after PSTR exercises at baseline, as in the FAS analysis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that PSTR exercises were effective for patients with HHS below 60 points, even those with MJS of 0 mm. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY 20 July 2017 (UMIN000028277).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Hayashi
- Arthritis Center, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Tsunoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asama General Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Wajiro Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Ichikawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Asama General Hospital, Nagano, Japan
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James KA, von Heideken J, Iversen MD. Reporting of Adverse Events in Randomized Controlled Trials of Therapeutic Exercise for Hip Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review. Phys Ther 2021; 101:pzab195. [PMID: 34730830 PMCID: PMC8565302 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe adverse events (AEs) and dropouts (DOs) in randomized controlled trials of therapeutic exercise for hip osteoarthritis (HOA) and to identify whether Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines were followed. METHODS The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and CINAHL databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials of therapeutic exercise for HOA published in English from January 1, 1980 to August 1, 2020 were included. Studies were excluded if other interventions were provided, if participants had previous hip arthroplasty, or if AEs and DOs for HOA participants were not reported separately. The internal validity of each study (Physiotherapy Evidence Database [PEDro] scoring) was assessed, participant and intervention characteristics were extracted, and the existence of a clear statement and reasons for AEs and DOs was reported. Descriptive statistics characterized results. Data heterogeneity prohibited the use of meta-analysis. RESULTS Fourteen studies (mean PEDro score = 7.4; range = 6-10) from 10 countries were included, with 707 participants exercising. Exercise intensity was unspecified in 72.2% of exercise arms. Six studies (42.9%) included a statement of AEs, and 32 AEs were reported. All studies had a DO statement, but 29.0% of DOs occurred for unknown reasons. Six studies (42.9%) gave reasons for DOs that could be classified as AEs in 9 participants; 41 participants (5.8%) experienced exercise-related AEs. CONCLUSION Reports of AEs were inconsistent, some DOs were potentially misclassified, and primary components of exercise interventions were frequently unreported. Despite these limitations, the overall low number of nonserious AEs suggests that the exercise-related risk of harm is minimal for individuals with HOA. IMPACT Understanding the risk of harm associated with exercise for HOA can better inform safe dosing of exercise, clinical implementation, and replicability. Informative, consistent reporting of AEs, DOs, and exercise is needed. Greater use of the CONSORT harms-reporting checklist is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khara A James
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Johan von Heideken
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Intitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maura D Iversen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Intitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section of Clinical Sciences, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
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Burgess LC, Wainwright TW, James KA, von Heideken J, Iversen MD. The quality of intervention reporting in trials of therapeutic exercise for hip osteoarthritis: a secondary analysis of a systematic review. Trials 2021; 22:388. [PMID: 34098998 PMCID: PMC8186100 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic exercise is recommended as a core treatment for hip osteoarthritis (HOA). Whilst it is widely accepted that exercise can improve pain and disability, optimal type and dose of exercise are yet to be agreed upon. This may, in part, be attributed to the wide variation and inadequate reporting of interventions within the literature. This study evaluates the quality of intervention reporting among trials of therapeutic exercise in HOA. METHODS Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were sourced in a systematic review, completed in August 2020. Two raters independently used the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) and Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) to evaluate intervention reporting. Correlations between quality assessment scores and CERT and TIDieR scores evaluated the relationship between internal validity and external applicability. The year of publication was compared to the quality of reporting scores. RESULTS Fourteen RCTs were included in the analysis. On average, studies were awarded 9.43 ± 1.95 out of 12 points for the TIDieR checklist (range 4-12) and 13.57 ± 4.01 out of 19 points for the CERT (range 5-19). Pearson's correlation coefficient suggested that the quality of reporting had improved over time and that there was a fair, positive relationship between internal validity and external applicability. DISCUSSION Whilst the quality of intervention reporting is improving, many RCTs of therapeutic exercise in HOA lack the detail necessary to allow accurate evaluation and replication. Researchers are encouraged to utilise the standardised reporting guidelines to increase the translation of effective interventions into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise C. Burgess
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Bournemouth University, 89 Holdenhurst Road, Bournemouth, BH8 8EB UK
| | - Thomas W. Wainwright
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Bournemouth University, 89 Holdenhurst Road, Bournemouth, BH8 8EB UK
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, BH7 7DW UK
| | - Khara A. James
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Johan von Heideken
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maura D. Iversen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Section of Clinical Sciences, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology & Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT USA
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Whittaker JL, Truong LK, Dhiman K, Beck C. Osteoarthritis year in review 2020: rehabilitation and outcomes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:190-207. [PMID: 33242604 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systematically review and synthesize guidelines, systematic reviews, or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between April 1, 2019 and April 30, 2020 which evaluated or made recommendations for rehabilitation of persons with osteoarthritis. DESIGN Five electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINHAL, Web of Science) were searched with a comprehensive search strategy. Guidelines for rehabilitation of persons with osteoarthritis, and systematic reviews and RCTs evaluating osteoarthritis rehabilitation that included at least one patient-reported outcome measure and/or clinical test of function were included. Two authors independently screened records and assessed methodological quality using the AGREE-II (guidelines), AMSTAR-2 (systematic reviews) or PEDro scale (RCTs). Data were extracted to summarize included records and a narrative synthesis of findings related to core recommended osteoarthritis rehabilitation treatments performed. RESULTS Of 2,479 potential records, 253 records were reviewed. Two guidelines, 18 systematic reviews and 38 RCTs were included. 84% (n = 49) of included records related to knee osteoarthritis, 13% (n = 8) to hip, 10% (n = 6) to hand, 3% (n = 2) to mixed, and 1% (n = 1) to foot osteoarthritis. Exercise-therapy, methods to deliver exercise-therapy remotely, and approaches to facilitate exercise-therapy behaviour change were the most commonly evaluated interventions (n = 27). 94% of systematic reviews and 63% of RCTs rated high-quality. CONCLUSIONS Osteoarthritis rehabilitation research continues to focus on knee osteoarthritis and exercise-based interventions. Emerging topics include rehabilitation of comorbid populations, exercise behaviour change and technology supports. A better understanding of rehabilitation of osteoarthritis in joints other than the knee, and methods to determine and promote ideal exercise-therapy prescription are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Whittaker
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2177, Wesbrook Mall, V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, Canada; Arthritis Research Canada, V6X 2C7, Richmond, Canada.
| | - L K Truong
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2177, Wesbrook Mall, V6T 1Z3, Vancouver, Canada; Arthritis Research Canada, V6X 2C7, Richmond, Canada
| | - K Dhiman
- Arthritis Research Canada, V6X 2C7, Richmond, Canada
| | - C Beck
- Woodward Library, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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