1
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Durán R, Barrales-Martínez C, Matute RA. Hidden intermediate activation: a concept to elucidate the reaction mechanism of the Schmittel cyclization of enyne-allenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6050-6059. [PMID: 36458512 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic paradigm in which the Schmittel cyclization transitions from one-step to stepwise has been investigated through the stabilization of a full hidden intermediate in the framework of the Diabatic Model of Intermediate Stabilization. Hidden intermediate activation was studied in silico employing quasi-classical trajectories and the Electron Localization Function. The stabilization of hidden intermediates achieved by substituting enyne-allenes with cyano and nitro groups generates the appearance of a partially hidden and an explicit intermediate, leading to one-step asynchronous biradical and stepwise biradical/zwitterionic mechanisms, respectively. The mechanistic feature associated with the activation level of the hidden intermediate arises from the Thornton effect and non-RRKM dynamics, where in the case of the CN-substituted system, despite having a single transition state, 54% of the effective trajectories remain in the intermediate zone after 540 fs, indicating that a mixture of mechanisms is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Durán
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile. .,Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - César Barrales-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Independencia, Santiago 8380492, Chile.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago 8370854, Chile.
| | - Ricardo A Matute
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago 8370854, Chile. .,Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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2
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Rush LA, Gallo KF, Stumetz KS, Rodríguez‐Pérez IA, Cremeens ME. Non‐statistical Dynamics for the Allene Oxide to Cyclopropanone Conversion. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia A. Rush
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Gonzaga University Spokane Washington United States
| | - Kara F. Gallo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Gonzaga University Spokane Washington United States
| | - Kyle S. Stumetz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Gonzaga University Spokane Washington United States
| | | | - Matthew E. Cremeens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Gonzaga University Spokane Washington United States
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3
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Kraemer N, Naredla RR, Hoye TR. In Situ Allene Formation via Alkyne Tautomerization to Promote [4 + 2]-Cycloadditions with a Pendant Alkyne or Nitrile. Org Lett 2022; 24:2327-2331. [PMID: 35311283 PMCID: PMC9050169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the net-[4 + 2]-cycloadditions of a variety of aryl (or alkenyl) alkynes. Tautomerization via base-catalyzed alkyne-to-allene isomerization produces a transient allene, which undergoes stepwise cyclization with not only a pendant alkyne but also a nitrile. The operative mechanisms for these reactions were studied by density functional theory and compared with the slower thermal cyclization of the precursor alkyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Kraemer
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Rajasekhar Reddy Naredla
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
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5
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Mandal N, Datta A. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reaction: Evolution of Trappable Intermediates via Asynchronous Transition States. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11167-11177. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilangshu Mandal
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata - 700032, India
| | - Ayan Datta
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata - 700032, India
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7
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Karmakar S, Datta A. Role of Heavy Atom Tunneling in Myers–Saito Cyclization of Cyclic Enyne-Cumulene Systems. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:945-50. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Karmakar
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road,
Jadavpur − 700032, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayan Datta
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road,
Jadavpur − 700032, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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8
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Abstract
The thermal cyclization of enyne-carbodiimides substituted at both the alkyne and carbodiimide terminus showed two curved Hammett correlations (log k/k0 against σp) that were fully reproduced by DFT (density functional theory) computational results. The latter suggest a concerted mechanism, but the transition state (TS) analysis failed to reveal any mechanistic insight about the reason for a curved Hammett correlation. Instead a preTS inspection, i.e., examination of the electronic and steric details on route between reactant and TS, furnished a detailed picture of the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Rana
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Organische Chemie 1, Universität Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - M Emin Cinar
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Organische Chemie 1, Universität Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Debabrata Samanta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Organische Chemie 1, Universität Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Organische Chemie 1, Universität Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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9
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Mohamed RK, Mondal S, Jorner K, Delgado TF, Lobodin VV, Ottosson H, Alabugin IV. The Missing C1-C5 Cycloaromatization Reaction: Triplet State Antiaromaticity Relief and Self-Terminating Photorelease of Formaldehyde for Synthesis of Fulvenes from Enynes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15441-50. [PMID: 26536479 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The last missing example of the four archetypical cycloaromatizations of enediynes and enynes was discovered by combining a twisted alkene excited state with a new self-terminating path for intramolecular conversion of diradicals into closed-shell products. Photoexcitation of aromatic enynes to a twisted alkene triplet state creates a unique stereoelectronic situation, which is facilitated by the relief of excited state antiaromaticity of the benzene ring. This enables the usually unfavorable 5-endo-trig cyclization and merges it with 5-exo-dig closure. The 1,4-diradical product of the C1-C5 cyclization undergoes internal H atom transfer that is coupled with the fragmentation of an exocyclic C-C bond. This sequence provides efficient access to benzofulvenes from enynes and expands the utility of self-terminating aromatizing enyne cascades to photochemical reactions. The key feature of this self-terminating reaction is that, despite the involvement of radical species in the key cyclization step, no external radical sources or quenchers are needed to provide the products. In these cascades, both radical centers are formed transiently and converted to the closed-shell products via intramolecular H-transfer and C-C bond fragmentation. Furthermore, incorporating C-C bond cleavage into the photochemical self-terminating cyclizations of enynes opens a new way for the use of alkenes as alkyne equivalents in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kjell Jorner
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University , Box 576, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Vladislav V Lobodin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States.,Future Fuels Institute, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University , Box 576, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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You X, Xie X, Chen H, Li Y, Liu Y. Cyano-Schmittel Cyclization through Base-Induced Propargyl-Allenyl Isomerization: Highly Modular Synthesis of Pyridine-Fused Aromatic Derivatives. Chemistry 2015; 21:18699-705. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Rettenmeier E, Hansmann MM, Ahrens A, Rübenacker K, Saboo T, Massholder J, Meier C, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. Insights into the Gold-Catalyzed Propargyl Ester Rearrangement/Tandem Cyclization Sequence: Radical versus Gold Catalysis-Myers-Saito- versus Schmittel-Type Cyclization. Chemistry 2015; 21:14401-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Samanta D, Rana A, Schmittel M. Nonstatistical dynamics in the thermal C2-C6/diels-alder cyclization of enyne-allenes: effect of topology. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2174-81. [PMID: 25647469 DOI: 10.1021/jo502693b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The thermal C(2)-C(6) (Schmittel) cyclization of an enyne-allene with two aryl rings at the allene terminus experimentally leads to three formal Diels-Alder (DA) cycloaddition products, two of which (involving the dimethylamino phenyl unit) are shown to form in a nonstatistical process. DFT computations on the reaction paths reveal that the two aryl rings (Ph vs PhNMe2) do not interact in a dynamic manner as their minimum energy pathways (MEPs) are separated by a large barrier. The preferential formation of the more-hindered DA product 8 (ortho to the dimethylamino group) over the less-hindered product 9 (para to the dimethylamino group), despite the higher energy TS for 8, suggests the occurrence of nonstatistical dynamics in the cyclization onto the dimethylamino phenyl unit, though. Potential energy surface (PES) computations indicate that the large amount of nonstatistical dynamics (97%) arises from facile IRC dynamics (left picture) that is compared with the non-IRC dynamics of a related system (∼76%, right picture, J. Org. Chem. 2014, 79, 2368).
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Samanta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universität Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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13
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Samanta D, Rana A, Schmittel M. Nonstatistical dynamics in the thermal Garratt-Braverman/[1,5]-H shift of one ene-diallene: an experimental and computational study. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8435-9. [PMID: 25189090 DOI: 10.1021/jo501324w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic study of the thermal Garratt-Braverman/[1,5]-H shift of ene-diallene 6 leading to alkenes (E)-8 and (Z)-8 is reported. The product ratio was found to be temperature-independent and does not agree with the computed energy barriers (i.e., TS2E(⧧) and TS2Z(⧧)). On the basis of experimental and DFT computational results, we propose a mechanism that is strongly controlled by nonstatistical dynamic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Samanta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universität Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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14
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Alcaide B, Almendros P, Aragoncillo C, Fernández I, Gómez-Campillos G. Microwave-promoted synthesis of bicyclic azocine-β-lactams from bis(allenes). J Org Chem 2014; 79:7075-83. [PMID: 25010752 DOI: 10.1021/jo501231q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free preparation of structurally novel bicyclic azocine-β-lactams has been developed. The first examples accounting for the preparation of eight-membered rings from bis(allenes) in the absence of metals have been achieved by the thermolysis of nonconjugated 2-azetidinone-tethered bis(allenes) on application of microwave irradiation. This selective carbocyclization reaction has been studied experimentally, and additionally, its mechanism has been investigated by a DFT study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Alcaide
- Grupo de Lactamas y Heterociclos Bioactivos, Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica I, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Facultad de Quı́mica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Cinar ME, Vavilala C, Jaquet R, Bats JW, Schmittel M. Fluoro-Ene Reaction Versus [2+2] Cycloaddition in the Thermal C2-C6Cyclization of Enyne-Allenes: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Samanta D, Rana A, Schmittel M. Quantification of Nonstatistical Dynamics in an Intramolecular Diels–Alder Cyclization without Trajectory Computation. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2368-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500035b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Samanta
- Department of Chemistry and
Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Anup Rana
- Department of Chemistry and
Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Department of Chemistry and
Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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17
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Campolo D, Arif T, Borie C, Mouysset D, Vanthuyne N, Naubron JV, Bertrand MP, Nechab M. Double Transfer of Chirality in Organocopper-Mediated bis(Alkylating) Cycloisomerization of Enediynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3227-31. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Campolo D, Arif T, Borie C, Mouysset D, Vanthuyne N, Naubron JV, Bertrand MP, Nechab M. Double Transfer of Chirality in Organocopper-Mediated bis(Alkylating) Cycloisomerization of Enediynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Hansmann MM, Tšupova S, Rudolph M, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. Gold-catalyzed cyclization of diynes: controlling the mode of 5-endo versus 6-endo cyclization--an experimental and theoretical study by utilizing diethynylthiophenes. Chemistry 2014; 20:2215-23. [PMID: 24436306 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a dual-gold catalyzed cyclization of 3,4-diethynylthiophenes generating pentaleno[c]thiophenes through gold-vinylidenes and C-H bond activation is disclosed. Various new heteroaromatic compounds--substrate classes unexplored to date--exhibiting three five-membered annulated ring systems could be synthesized in moderate to high yields. By comparison of the solid-state structures of the corresponding gold-acetylides, it could be demonstrated that the cyclization mode (5-endo versus 6-endo) is controlled by the electronic and not steric nature of the diyne backbone. Depending on different backbones, we calculated thermodynamic stabilities and full potential-energy surfaces giving insight into the crucial dual-activation cyclization step. In the case of the 3,4-thiophene backbone, in which the initial cyclization is rate and selectivity determining, two energetically distinct transition states could be localized explaining the observed 5-endo cyclization mode by classical transition-state theory. In the case of vinyl and 2,3-thiophene backbones, the theoretical analysis of the cyclization mode in the bifurcated cyclization area demonstrated that classical transition-state theory is no longer valid to explain the high experimentally observed selectivity. Herein, for the first time, the influence of the backbone and the aromatic stabilization effect of the 6-endo product in the crucial cyclization step could be visualized and quantified by calculating and comparing the full potential-energy surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Hansmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221-54-4205.
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Kraka E, Cremer D. Enediynes, enyne-allenes, their reactions, and beyond. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elfi Kraka
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry; Southern Methodist University; Dallas TX USA
| | - Dieter Cremer
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry; Southern Methodist University; Dallas TX USA
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University (HIRODAI), 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima,
Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787,
Japan
- JST-CREST, 5
Sanbancho,
Chiyodaku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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22
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Mohamed RK, Peterson PW, Alabugin IV. Concerted Reactions That Produce Diradicals and Zwitterions: Electronic, Steric, Conformational, and Kinetic Control of Cycloaromatization Processes. Chem Rev 2013; 113:7089-129. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rana K. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390,
United States
| | - Paul W. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390,
United States
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390,
United States
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23
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How to Lose a Bond in Two Ways ― The Diradical/Zwitterion Dichotomy in Cycloaromatization Reactions. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Samanta D, Cinar ME, Das K, Schmittel M. Nonstatistical Dynamic Effects in the Thermal C2–C6 Diels–Alder Cyclization of Enyne–Allenes. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1451-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Samanta
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Emin Cinar
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Kalpataru Das
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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25
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Protti S, Ravelli D, Mannucci B, Albini A, Fagnoni M. α,
n
‐Didehydrotoluenes by Photoactivation of (Chlorobenzyl)trimethylsilanes: An Alternative to Enyne–Allenes Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8577-80. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
| | - Davide Ravelli
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
| | - Barbara Mannucci
- Centro Grandi Strumenti (CGS), University of Pavia, V. Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Angelo Albini
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
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26
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Protti S, Ravelli D, Mannucci B, Albini A, Fagnoni M. α,
n
‐Didehydrotoluenes by Photoactivation of (Chlorobenzyl)trimethylsilanes: An Alternative to Enyne–Allenes Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
| | - Davide Ravelli
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
| | - Barbara Mannucci
- Centro Grandi Strumenti (CGS), University of Pavia, V. Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Angelo Albini
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy) http://www.unipv.it/photochem
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