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Fu YH, Geng C, Shen GB, Wang K, Zhu XQ. Kinetic Studies of Hantzsch Ester and Dihydrogen Donors Releasing Two Hydrogen Atoms in Acetonitrile. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26416-26424. [PMID: 35936422 PMCID: PMC9352257 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, kinetic studies on HEH2, 2-benzylmalononitrile, 2-benzyl-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione, 5-benzyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione, 5-benzyl-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione, 2-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)malononitrile, ethyl 2-cyano-2-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)acetate, diethyl 2-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)malonate, and the derivatives (28 XH2) releasing two hydrogen atoms were carried out. The thermokinetic parameters ΔG ⧧° of 28 dihydrogen donors (XH2) and the corresponding hydrogen atom acceptors (XH•) in acetonitrile at 298 K were determined. The abilities of releasing two hydrogen atoms for these organic dihydrogen donors were researched using their thermokinetic parameters ΔG ⧧°(XH2), which can be used not only to compare the H-donating ability of different XH2 qualitatively and quantitatively but also to predict the rates of HAT reactions. Predictions of rate constants for 12 HAT reactions using thermokinetic parameters were determined, and the reliabilities of the predicted results were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Fu
- College
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
| | - Cuihuan Geng
- College
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Bin Shen
- School
of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai
University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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Shen GB, Qian BC, Fu YH, Zhu XQ. Discovering and Evaluating the Reducing Abilities of Polar Alkanes and Related Family Members as Organic Reductants Using Thermodynamics. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9357-9374. [PMID: 35786938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the pKa values of 69 polar alkanes (YH2) in acetonitrile were computed using the method developed by Luo and Zhang in 2020, and representative 69 thermodynamic network cards on 22 elementary steps of YH2 and related polar alkenes (Y) releasing or accepting H2 were naturally established. Potential electron reductants (YH-), hydride reductants (YH-), antioxidants (YH2 and YH-), and hydrogen molecule reductants (YH2) are unexpectedly discovered according to thermodynamic network cards. It is also found that there are great differences between YH2 and common hydrogen molecule reductants (XH2), such as Hantzsch ester (HEH2), benzothiazoline (BTH2), and dihydro-phenanthridine (PH2), releasing two hydrogen ions to unsaturated compounds. During the hydrogenation process, XH2 release hydrides first, then the oxidation state XH+ release protons. However, in the case of YH2, YH2 release protons first, then YH- release hydrides. It is the differences on acidic properties of YH2 and XH2 that result in the behavioral and thermodynamic differences on YH2 and XH2 releasing two hydrogen ions (H--H+). The redox mechanisms and behaviors of Y, YH-, and YH2 as electron, hydrogen atom, hydride, and hydrogen molecule donors or acceptors in the chemical reaction are reasonably investigated and discussed in this paper using thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Chen Qian
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Shen GB, Qian BC, Fu YH, Zhu XQ. Thermodynamics of the elementary steps of organic hydride chemistry determined in acetonitrile and their applications. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01310j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the thermodynamics of the elementary step of 421 organic hydrides and unsaturated compounds releasing or accepting hydride or hydrogen determined in acetonitrile as well as their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Chen Qian
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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Shen GB, Fu YH, Zhu XQ. Thermodynamic Network Cards of Hantzsch Ester, Benzothiazoline, and Dihydrophenanthridine Releasing Two Hydrogen Atoms or Ions on 20 Elementary Steps. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12535-12543. [PMID: 32880175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, thermodynamic driving forces on 20 possible elementary steps of Hantzsch ester (HEH2), benzothiazoline (BTH2), and dihydrophenanthridine (PDH2) releasing two hydrogen atoms or ions were measured or derived from the related thermodynamic data using Hess' law in acetonitrile. Furthermore, thermodynamic network cards of HEH2, BTH2, and PDH2 releasing two hydrogen atoms or ions on 20 elementary steps were first established. Based on the thermodynamic network cards, hydride-donating, hydrogen-atom-donating, and electron-donating abilities of XH2 and XH-, and two hydrogen-atom(ion)-donating abilities of XH2 are discussed in detail. Obviously, the thermodynamic network cards of HEH2, BTH2, and PDH2 not only offer rational data guidance for organic synthetic chemists to properly choose an appropriate reducer among the three reducing agents to hydrogenate various unsaturated compounds but also strongly promote elucidatation of the detailed hydrogenation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Shen
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Yan-Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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Wang J, Shao Z, Tan K, Tang R, Zhou Q, Xu M, Li YM, Shen Y. Synthesis of Amino Acids by Base-Enhanced Photoredox Decarboxylative Alkylation of Aldimines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9944-9954. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Wang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ziyan Shao
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kai Tan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qingli Zhou
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Min Xu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ya-Min Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuehai Shen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Tang R, Shao Z, Wang J, Liu Z, Li YM, Shen Y. Iron(II)-Catalyzed Radical Addition to Aldimines with Hantzsch Ester as a Two-Hydrogen Atom Donor. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8177-8184. [PMID: 31122013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The first Fe(OTf)2-catalyzed radical addition to aldimines with Hantzsch ester as a two-hydrogen atom donor is reported. The tin-free reaction works well for electron-deficient substrates and provides a potentially useful approach to α-branched amines and α-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
| | - Ziyan Shao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
| | - Zhongxian Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
| | - Ya-Min Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
| | - Yuehai Shen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
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Song ZY, Zhang CL, Ye S. Visible light promoted coupling of alkynyl bromides and Hantzsch esters for the synthesis of internal alkynes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:181-185. [PMID: 30534692 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02912a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free visible light promoted C(sp3)-C(sp) coupling reaction of alkynyl bromides and Hantzsch esters was developed, giving internal alkynes with primary, secondary, tertiary alkyl or other functional groups in good to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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Yuan L, Mu YY, Shen GB, Zhu XQ. Thermodynamic, kinetic, and mechanistic examination of 1,5- dihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-2-pyrrolone derivatives as a new type of antioxidants to mimic vitamin C. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Mu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Guang-Bin Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Nankai University; Tianjin China
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