1
|
Liu Q, Zhang S, Wang Z, Han J, Song C, Xu P, Wang X, Fu S, Jian X. Investigation into the performance decay of proton-exchange membranes based on sulfonated heterocyclic poly(aryl ether ketone)s in Fenton's reagent. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:1760-1769. [PMID: 34985063 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04531h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonated N-heterocyclic poly(aryl ether) proton-exchange membranes have potential applications in the fuel-cell field due to their favorable proton conduction capacity and stability. This paper investigates the changes in mass and performance decay, such as proton conduction and mechanical strength, of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)s (SPEEKs) and three sulfonated N-heterocyclic poly(aryl ether ketone) (SPPEK, SPBPEK-P-8, and SPPEKK-P) membranes in Fenton's oxidative experiment. The SPEEK membrane exhibited the worst oxidative stability. The oxidative stability of the SPPEK membrane is enhanced due to the introduction of phthalazinone units in the chains. The SPPEKK-P and SPBPEK-P-8 membranes exhibit better radical tolerance than the SPPEK membrane, with proton conductivity retention rates of 66% and 73% for 1 h oxidative treatment, respectively. In addition, the molecular chains of SPPEKK-P and SPBPEK-P-8 exhibit relatively little disruption. The pendant benzenesulfonic groups enhance the steric effects for reducing radical attacks on the ether bonds and reduce the hydration of molecular chains. The introduction of phthalazinone units decreases the rupture points in the main chain. Therefore, the radical tolerance of the membranes is improved. These results provide a reference for the design of highly stable sulfonated heterocyclic poly(aryl ether) membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Shouhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Jianhua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Ce Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Peiqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Shaokui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Xigao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning High-Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Dalian Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Processes, Dalian, 116024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu R, Wang J, Liu C, Li J, Jian X. Synthesis, characterization and thermal decomposition of novel soluble copoly(aryl ether nitrile) containing phthalazinone and biphenyl moieties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Chen L, Pu Z, Long Y, Tang H, Liu X. Synthesis and properties of sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) copolymers containing carboxyl groups for proton-exchange membrane materials. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Microelectronic and Solid-State Electronics, High-Temperature Resistant Polymers and Composites Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu 610054 People's Republic of China
| | - Zejun Pu
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Microelectronic and Solid-State Electronics, High-Temperature Resistant Polymers and Composites Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu 610054 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Long
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Microelectronic and Solid-State Electronics, High-Temperature Resistant Polymers and Composites Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu 610054 People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Tang
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Microelectronic and Solid-State Electronics, High-Temperature Resistant Polymers and Composites Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu 610054 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Microelectronic and Solid-State Electronics, High-Temperature Resistant Polymers and Composites Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu 610054 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang H, Shen PK. Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells. Chem Rev 2012; 112:2780-832. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200035s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1086] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Pei Kang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hou H, Di Vona ML, Knauth P. Durability of sulfonated aromatic polymers for proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:1526-1536. [PMID: 22006846 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As a key component of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) must continuously withstand very harsh environments during long-term fuel cell operations. With the coming commercialization of PEMFCs, investigations into the durability and degradation of PEMs are becoming more and more urgent and interesting. Herein, various recent attempts and achievements to improve the durability of sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) are reviewed and some further developments are predicted. Extensive investigations into inexpensive SAPs as alternative electrolyte membranes include modification of available polymer materials; design, synthesis, and optimization of new macromolecules; durability testing; and exploring the degradation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Hou
- Université de Provence-CNRS, UMR 6264: Laboratoire Chimie Provence, Marseille, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim YS, Pivovar BS. Moving Beyond Mass-Based Parameters for Conductivity Analysis of Sulfonated Polymers. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2010; 1:123-48. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-073009-101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The proton conductivity of polymer electrolytes is critical for fuel cells and has therefore been studied in significant detail. The conductivity of sulfonated polymers has been linked to material characteristics to elucidate trends. Mass-based measurements based on water uptake and ion exchange capacity are two of the most common material characteristics used to make comparisons between polymer electrolytes, but they have significant limitations when correlated to proton conductivity. These limitations arise in part because different polymers can have significantly different densities and because conduction occurs over length scales more appropriately represented by volume measurements rather than mass. Herein we establish and review volume-related parameters that can be used to compare the proton conductivity of different polymer electrolytes. Morphological effects on proton conductivity are also considered. Finally, the impact of these phenomena on designing next-generation sulfonated polymers for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Seung Kim
- Sensors and Electrochemical Devices, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Bryan S. Pivovar
- Hydrogen Technologies and Systems Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| |
Collapse
|