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Mazumder R, Ichudaule, Ghosh A, Deb S, Ghosh R. Significance of Chalcone Scaffolds in Medicinal Chemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:22. [PMID: 38937401 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Chalcone is a simple naturally occurring α,β-unsaturated ketone with biological importance, which can also be easily synthesized in laboratories by reaction between two aromatic scaffolds. In plants, chalcones occur as polyphenolic compounds of different frameworks which are bioactive molecules that have been in traditional medicinal practice for many years. Chalcone-based lead molecules have been developed, possessing varied potentials such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-oxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperurecemic, and anti-ulcer effects. Chalcones contribute considerable fragments to give important heterocyclic molecules with therapeutic utilities targeting various diseases. These characteristic features have made chalcone a topic of interest among researchers and have attracted investigations into this widely applicable structure. This review highlights the extensive exploration carried out on the synthesis, biotransformations, chemical reactions, hybridization, and pharmacological potentials of chalcones, and aims to provide an extensive, thorough, and critical review of their importance, with emphasis on their properties, chemistry, and biomedical applications to boost future investigations into this potential scaffold in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishav Mazumder
- Laboratory of Developing Drug Candidates, Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ichudaule
- Laboratory of Developing Drug Candidates, Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ashmita Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Techno India University Tripura, Maheshkhola, Anandanagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799004, India
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, 33169, USA.
| | - Rajat Ghosh
- Laboratory of Developing Drug Candidates, Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India.
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Mastachi-Loza S, Ramírez-Candelero TI, Benítez-Puebla LJ, Fuentes-Benítes A, González-Romero C, Vázquez MA. Chalcones, a Privileged Scaffold: Highly Versatile Molecules in [4+2] Cycloadditions. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200706. [PMID: 35976743 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones are aromatic ketones found in nature as the central core of many biological compounds. They have a wide range of biological activity and are biogenetic precursors of other important molecules such as flavonoids. Their pharmacological relevance makes them a privileged scaffold, advantageous for seeking alternative therapies in medicinal chemistry. Due to their structural diversity and ease of synthesis, they are often employed as building blocks for chemical transformations. Chalcones have a carbonyl conjugated system with two electrophilic centers that are commonly used for nucleophilic additions, as described in numerous articles. They can also participate in Diels-Alder reactions, which are [4+2] cycloadditions between a diene and a dienophile. This microreview presents a chronological survey of studies on chalcones as dienes and dienophiles in Diels-Alder cycloadditions. Although these reactions occur in nature, isolation of chalcones from plants yields very small quantities. Contrarily, synthesis leads to large quantities at a low cost. Hence, novel methodologies have been developed for [4+2] cycloadditions, with chalcones serving as a 2π or 4π electron system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mastachi-Loza
- Universidad de Guanajuato Division de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Química, MEXICO
| | - Tania I Ramírez-Candelero
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Facultad de Quimica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, MEXICO
| | - Luis J Benítez-Puebla
- Universidad de Guanajuato Division de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Química, MEXICO
| | - Aydee Fuentes-Benítes
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Facultad de Quimica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, MEXICO
| | - Carlos González-Romero
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Facultad de Quimica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, MEXICO
| | - Miguel A Vázquez
- Universidad de Guanajuato Division de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, CHEMISTRY, NORIA ALTA S/N, 36050, GUANAJUATO, MEXICO
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Riga-Rocha BA, Machado AE, Neumann MG, Cavalheiro CC. Experimental and theoretical study of three newly-synthesized iminochalcones: An example of dual emission induced by polarity changes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Espíndola C. Some Ways for the Synthesis of Chalcones - New Ways for the Synthesis of Flavon-3-ols. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x16666190919111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The flavonoids by their natural properties and their diverse applications are a group of
compounds whose study of origin, characteristics and applications has been dedicated to extensive
research. For the organic synthesis of chalcones, due to their interest as precursor molecules of different
compounds, several pathways have been developed and reported in numerous works. Analyses
on the effect of some of these catalysts on chalcone yield (%), with respect to time and reaction temperature
are presented here. Given the importance of flavon-3-ols, as compounds of pharmacological
interest mainly, new synthesis routes are proposed, in addition to the existing ones. This paper presents
the main pathways for the synthesis of chalcones and analyzes their production. New routes for
the synthesis of flavon-3-ols that follow the Claisen-Schmidt condensation and the interconversion of
melacacidin are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Espíndola
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, E-06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Johnson J, Yardily A. Chalconoid metal chelates: spectral, biological and catalytic applications. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1669022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jino Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, Scott Christian College (Autonomous) (affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli), Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Yardily
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, Scott Christian College (Autonomous) (affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli), Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India
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Perspectives of medicinally privileged chalcone based metal coordination compounds for biomedical applications. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 174:142-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mastachi-Loza S, Ramírez-Candelero TI, González-Romero C, Díaz-Torres E, Fuentes-Benítes A, Tamariz J. Reactivity of N
-Substituted Exo
-oxazolidin-2-one Dienes with Naphthalene Chalcones and Cyclic 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mastachi-Loza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; Paseo Tollocan y Colón S/N 50000 Toluca, Estado de México México
| | - Tania I. Ramírez-Candelero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; Paseo Tollocan y Colón S/N 50000 Toluca, Estado de México México
| | - Carlos González-Romero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; Paseo Tollocan y Colón S/N 50000 Toluca, Estado de México México
| | - Eduardo Díaz-Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; Paseo Tollocan y Colón S/N 50000 Toluca, Estado de México México
| | - Aydeé Fuentes-Benítes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México; Paseo Tollocan y Colón S/N 50000 Toluca, Estado de México México
| | - Joaquín Tamariz
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N 11340 CDMX México
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A low cure thermo active polymerization of chalcone based benzoxazine and cross linkable olefin blends. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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On the molecular structure of (E)-3-(9H-fluoren-2-yl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, theoretical calculations and SXRD studies. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Lin W, Huang B, Fu Q, Wang G, Huang J. Investigation of nitroxide radical coupling reaction in wide temperature range and different catalyst system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2008. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Nishihara Y, Doi Y, Izawa S, Li HY, Inoue Y, Kojima M, Chen JT, Takagi K. Enantioseparation of doubly functionalized polar norbornenes by HPLC and their ruthenium-catalyzed ring-opening metathesis polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nishihara Y, Izawa S, Inoue Y, Nakayama Y, Shiono T, Takagi K. Synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties of ring‐opening metathesis polynorbornenes and their hydrogenated derivatives bearing various ester and cyano groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Nishihara
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Seisuke Izawa
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inoue
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Yuushou Nakayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi‐Hiroshima 739‐8527, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shiono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi‐Hiroshima 739‐8527, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takagi
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
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